{"id":3345,"date":"2025-11-05T06:48:51","date_gmt":"2025-11-05T06:48:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/?p=3345"},"modified":"2026-03-23T16:44:07","modified_gmt":"2026-03-23T16:44:07","slug":"digitalni-euro-prichazi-co-to-znamena-co-nesmi-delat-a-co-by-mohlo-delat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/11\/digitalni-euro-prichazi-co-to-znamena-co-nesmi-delat-a-co-by-mohlo-delat\/","title":{"rendered":"Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed - co znamen\u00e1, co nesm\u00ed d\u011blat a co by mohlo d\u011blat"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 pen\u00edze jsou v\u00edce ne\u017e jen prost\u0159edkem sm\u011bny - jsou symbolem st\u00e1tn\u00ed suverenity, garantem hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du a prost\u0159edkem, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u0161em ob\u010dan\u016fm svobodn\u011b se \u00fa\u010dastnit hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Hotovost byla po stalet\u00ed v\u00fdrazem t\u00e9to svobody: anonymn\u00ed, bezpodm\u00edne\u010dn\u011b pou\u017eiteln\u00e1, v\u0161ude platn\u00e1. S postupn\u00fdm nahrazov\u00e1n\u00edm hotovosti digit\u00e1ln\u00edmi platebn\u00edmi metodami se nyn\u00ed nov\u011b klade kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka: kdo bude kontrolovat pen\u00edze budoucnosti - a za jak\u00fdch podm\u00ednek?<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00e1v\u011b zde se objevuje debata o \"digit\u00e1ln\u00edm euru\". Evropsk\u00e1 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka (ECB) ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let pl\u00e1nuje zav\u00e9st vedle hotovosti st\u00e1tem garantovan\u00fd digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platebn\u00ed prost\u0159edek, kter\u00fd by mohli pou\u017e\u00edvat v\u0161ichni ob\u010dan\u00e9 - bez ohledu na bankovn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dty, kreditn\u00ed karty nebo technologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Z\u00e1m\u011br zn\u00ed na prvn\u00ed pohled ne\u0161kodn\u011b. P\u0159i bli\u017e\u0161\u00edm pohledu v\u0161ak zjist\u00edme, \u017ee jde o mnohem v\u00edc ne\u017e jen o nov\u00fd zp\u016fsob placen\u00ed. Jde o kontrolu, d\u016fv\u011bru - a vztah mezi ob\u010dany a st\u00e1tem ve st\u00e1le v\u00edce digitalizovan\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku sledujeme v\u00fdvoj digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura od jeho po\u010d\u00e1tk\u016f a\u017e po pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 kroky k jeho zaveden\u00ed, historicky jej kategorizujeme a kriticky se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na jeho potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed dopad na spole\u010dnost a ekonomiku.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"display-post-types\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#dpt-wrapper-569 { --dpt-text-align: left;--dpt-image-crop: center;--dpt-border-radius: 5px;--dpt-h-gutter: 10px;--dpt-v-gutter: 9px; }\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">#dpt-wrapper-569 { --dpt-title-font-style:normal;--dpt-title-font-weight:600;--dpt-title-line-height:1.5;--dpt-title-text-decoration:none;--dpt-title-text-transform:none;--dpt-excerpt-font-style:normal;--dpt-excerpt-font-weight:400;--dpt-excerpt-line-height:1.5;--dpt-excerpt-text-decoration:none;--dpt-excerpt-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta1-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta1-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta1-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta1-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta1-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta2-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta2-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta2-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta2-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta2-text-transform:none; }<\/style><div class=\"dpt-main-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-main-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dpt-main-title-text\">Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed ot\u00e1zky sou\u010dasnosti<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"dpt-wrapper-569\" class=\"dpt-wrapper dpt-mag1 land1 dpt-cropped dpt-flex-wrap\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"johann sebastian bach \u2013 ordnung, haltung und das fundament unserer musik\" data-id=\"5033\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft kunst &amp; kultur\" data-post_tag=\"deutschland musik portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/02\/johann-sebastian-bach-order-postoj-a-zaklad-nasi-hudby\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Johann Sebastian Bach - \u0159\u00e1d, postoj a z\u00e1klad na\u0161\u00ed hudby<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Johann Sebastian Bach Portr\u00e9t\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Portrait.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Portrait.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Portrait-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Portrait-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Portrait-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/02\/johann-sebastian-bach-order-postoj-a-zaklad-nasi-hudby\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Johann Sebastian Bach - \u0159\u00e1d, postoj a z\u00e1klad na\u0161\u00ed hudby<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"was bedeutet der spannungsfall in deutschland \u2013 und welche folgen h\u00e4tte er konkret?\" data-id=\"2997\"  data-category=\"allgemein b\u00fccher gesellschaft tipps &amp; anleitungen\" data-post_tag=\"buch deutschland geopolitik gesundheit krisen pers\u00f6nlichkeitsentwicklung ratgeber sicherheitspolitik\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/10\/co-znamena-pokles-napeti-v-nemecku-a-jake-konkretni-dusledky-by-to-melo\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Co znamen\u00e1 pokles nap\u011bt\u00ed v N\u011bmecku - a jak\u00e9 by to m\u011blo konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed d\u016fsledky?<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Nap\u00ednac\u00ed sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148 - N\u011bmecko-2025\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spannungsfall-Deutschland-2025.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spannungsfall-Deutschland-2025.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spannungsfall-Deutschland-2025-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spannungsfall-Deutschland-2025-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spannungsfall-Deutschland-2025-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/10\/co-znamena-pokles-napeti-v-nemecku-a-jake-konkretni-dusledky-by-to-melo\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Co znamen\u00e1 pokles nap\u011bt\u00ed v N\u011bmecku - a jak\u00e9 by to m\u011blo konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed d\u016fsledky?<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"vom ende der wehrpflicht bis zu schulstreiks: die neue debatte \u00fcber bundeswehr und bildung\" data-id=\"5147\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft\" data-post_tag=\"deutschland europa geopolitik krisen meinungsfreiheit sicherheitspolitik\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/03\/od-ukonceni-povinne-vojenske-sluzby-ke-skolnim-stavkam-nova-debata-o-nemeckych-ozbrojenych-silach-a-vzdelavani\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Od ukon\u010den\u00ed povinn\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 slu\u017eby ke st\u00e1vk\u00e1m ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch: nov\u00e1 debata o Bundeswehru a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"St\u00e1vky \u0161kol proti povinn\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b a Bundeswehru ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Wehrpflicht-Schulstreiks.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Wehrpflicht-Schulstreiks.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Wehrpflicht-Schulstreiks-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Wehrpflicht-Schulstreiks-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Wehrpflicht-Schulstreiks-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/03\/od-ukonceni-povinne-vojenske-sluzby-ke-skolnim-stavkam-nova-debata-o-nemeckych-ozbrojenych-silach-a-vzdelavani\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Od ukon\u010den\u00ed povinn\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 slu\u017eby ke st\u00e1vk\u00e1m ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch: nov\u00e1 debata o Bundeswehru a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"k\u00fcnstliche intelligenz: welche jobs in gefahr sind, und wie wir uns jetzt wappnen k\u00f6nnen\" data-id=\"2940\"  data-category=\"allgemein b\u00fccher gesellschaft ki-systeme\" data-post_tag=\"buch k\u00fcnstliche intelligenz llama llm mistral mlx ollama ratgeber sprachmodell\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/09\/umela-inteligence-ktera-pracovni-mista-jsou-ohrozena-a-jak-se-muzeme-vyzbrojit\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence: kter\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta jsou ohro\u017eena a jak se m\u016f\u017eeme vyzbrojit hned te\u010f<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Kter\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta budou v budoucnu zru\u0161ena um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed?\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/welche-jobs-fallen-durch-ki-weg.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/welche-jobs-fallen-durch-ki-weg.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/welche-jobs-fallen-durch-ki-weg-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/welche-jobs-fallen-durch-ki-weg-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/welche-jobs-fallen-durch-ki-weg-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/09\/umela-inteligence-ktera-pracovni-mista-jsou-ohrozena-a-jak-se-muzeme-vyzbrojit\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence: kter\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta jsou ohro\u017eena a jak se m\u016f\u017eeme vyzbrojit hned te\u010f<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy o digit\u00e1ln\u00edm euru<\/h2>\n<p><strong>23.03.2026<\/strong>: Evropsk\u00e1 unie pokra\u010duje v rozvoji digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura. Jak ukazuj\u00ed ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, Eurosyst\u00e9m <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ad-hoc-news.de\/boerse\/news\/ueberblick\/digitaler-euro-eu-startet-pilot-fuer-digitale-zentralbankwaehrung\/68757647\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdzva na za\u010d\u00e1tku b\u0159ezna 2026<\/strong><\/a> n\u00e1bor poskytovatel\u016f platebn\u00edch slu\u017eeb pro pilotn\u00ed projekt. Ten by m\u011bl b\u00fdt zah\u00e1jen v druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b roku 2027 a trvat dvan\u00e1ct m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. C\u00edlem je otestovat technologii, procesy a u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti v re\u00e1ln\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro je pl\u00e1nov\u00e1no jako dopln\u011bk ke st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed hotovosti a v dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu m\u00e1 nab\u00eddnout evropskou alternativu k soukrom\u00fdm platebn\u00edm syst\u00e9m\u016fm. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se uva\u017euje o mo\u017en\u00e9m zaveden\u00ed nejd\u0159\u00edve v roce 2029 - za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee bude v roce 2026 p\u0159ijat pr\u00e1vn\u00ed z\u00e1klad. Pilotn\u00edm projektem vstupuje program do rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed f\u00e1ze. Sou\u010dasn\u011b z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nezodpov\u011bzeno mnoho ot\u00e1zek, jako je praktick\u00e1 realizace, \u00faloha bank a p\u0159ijet\u00ed mezi ob\u010dany a podniky.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Od hotovosti k \u00e9\u0159e bit\u016f a bajt\u016f - jak se euro dostalo a\u017e sem<\/h2>\n<p>Historie eura je pom\u011brn\u011b mlad\u00e1, ale je \u00fazce spjata s my\u0161lenkou sjednocen\u00e9 Evropy. Euro bylo poprv\u00e9 zavedeno v roce 1999 jako \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed pen\u00edze, tj. pro elektronick\u00e9 p\u0159evody a \u00fa\u010dty. Teprve o t\u0159i roky pozd\u011bji - 1. ledna 2002 - se dostalo do pen\u011b\u017eenek ob\u010dan\u016f v podob\u011b minc\u00ed a bankovek.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159echod od n\u011bmeck\u00e9 marky, franku nebo liry k euru prob\u011bhl do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry spo\u0159\u00e1dan\u011b, ale tak\u00e9 se od po\u010d\u00e1tku setk\u00e1val se skeps\u00ed. Zejm\u00e9na v zem\u00edch, jako je N\u011bmecko, kde je d\u016fv\u011bra ve stabiln\u00ed m\u011bny historicky hluboce zako\u0159en\u011bna, bylo nov\u00e9 euro vn\u00edm\u00e1no kriticky. Postupem \u010dasu se v\u0161ak etablovalo jako spolehliv\u00fd platebn\u00ed prost\u0159edek v euroz\u00f3n\u011b - a stalo se druhou nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011bnovou oblast\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Za dvacet let od t\u00e9 doby se r\u00e1mcov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky z\u00e1sadn\u011b zm\u011bnily. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platebn\u00ed metody, jako jsou PayPal, Apple Pay a Google Pay, st\u00e1le v\u00edce nahrazuj\u00ed hotovost. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se objevily bitcoin a dal\u0161\u00ed kryptom\u011bny jako soukrom\u00e9 alternativy, kter\u00e9 ot\u0159\u00e1saj\u00ed z\u00e1klady pen\u011b\u017en\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecb.europa.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>ECB<\/strong><\/a> a za\u010dala zkoumat zaveden\u00ed vlastn\u00edho digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura.<\/p>\n<h3>Pro\u010d v\u016fbec digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pen\u00edze centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky? T\u0159i motivy ECB<\/h3>\n<p>Zaveden\u00ed <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Digitaler_Euro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">digit\u00e1ln\u00ed eura<\/a><\/strong> centr\u00e1ln\u00ed bankou nen\u00ed rozmar byrokrat\u016f miluj\u00edc\u00edch technologie. Je to sp\u00ed\u0161e v\u00fdsledek strategick\u00e9 nutnosti zalo\u017een\u00e9 na t\u0159ech hlavn\u00edch motivech:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Nez\u00e1vislost na zahrani\u010dn\u00edch poskytovatel\u00edch platebn\u00edch slu\u017eeb<\/strong>V\u011bt\u0161ina bezhotovostn\u00edch transakc\u00ed v Evrop\u011b je zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1na prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm americk\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f - a\u0165 u\u017e jde o Visa, Mastercard nebo PayPal. Tato dominance znamen\u00e1 tak\u00e9 politickou z\u00e1vislost. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro by zde mohlo vytvo\u0159it evropskou alternativu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reakce na kryptom\u011bny a stablecoiny<\/strong>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bny, jako je Bitcoin, ale tak\u00e9 firemn\u00ed stablecoiny (nap\u0159. ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd projekt Libra spole\u010dnosti Facebook), pos\u00edlily d\u016fv\u011bru mnoha lid\u00ed v alternativn\u00ed formy placen\u00ed - ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 vyvolaly ot\u00e1zky ohledn\u011b stability a st\u00e1tn\u00ed kontroly. ECB pova\u017euje za sv\u016fj \u00fakol vytvo\u0159it bezpe\u010dnou, st\u00e1tem podporovanou digit\u00e1ln\u00ed alternativu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu pro v\u0161echny - i digit\u00e1ln\u011b<\/strong>Hotovost je st\u00e1le m\u00e9n\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1. Pokud zmiz\u00ed, z\u016fstanou jen soukrom\u011b kontrolovan\u00e9 pen\u00edze. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro by m\u011blo zajistit, aby \"ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 pen\u00edze\" z\u016fstaly k dispozici v digit\u00e1ln\u00edm prostoru - jako dopln\u011bk hotovosti, nikoli jako jej\u00ed n\u00e1hrada.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Tyto motivy se projevuj\u00ed: Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro nen\u00ed \u010dist\u011b technickou inovac\u00ed, ale politick\u00fdm rozhodnut\u00edm. Hlavn\u00ed ot\u00e1zka zn\u00ed: m\u011blo by b\u00fdt i v digit\u00e1ln\u00ed budoucnosti mo\u017en\u00e9 platit ve\u0159ejn\u00fdmi pen\u011bzi - nebo budeme zcela vyd\u00e1ni na milost a nemilost soukrom\u00fdm poskytovatel\u016fm?<\/p>\n<h3>Politick\u00fd r\u00e1mec: Legislativn\u00ed cesta k digit\u00e1ln\u00edmu euru<\/h3>\n<p>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed r\u00e1mec pro digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro nevznik\u00e1 v tich\u00e9 komnat\u011b ECB, ale aktivn\u011b jej utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed org\u00e1ny EU. Evropsk\u00e1 komise ji\u017e v roce 2023 p\u0159edlo\u017eila prvn\u00ed legislativn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 zaveden\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura pr\u00e1vn\u011b umo\u017enit a podpo\u0159it.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdslovn\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro nem\u00e1 nahradit hotovost, ale pouze ji doplnit. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee bude z\u00e1konn\u00fdm platidlem a mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1no v cel\u00e9 euroz\u00f3n\u011b - podobn\u011b jako dne\u0161n\u00ed eurobankovky. T\u00edm by se digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro stalo nejen technicky, ale i pr\u00e1vn\u011b rovnocenn\u00fdm hotovosti.<\/p>\n<p>Tento v\u00fdvoj neprob\u00edh\u00e1 v tichosti. V Evropsk\u00e9m parlamentu, v n\u00e1rodn\u00edch parlamentech i na ve\u0159ejnosti se ob\u010das vedou v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00e9 debaty o smyslu a rizic\u00edch digit\u00e1ln\u00edch pen\u011bz centr\u00e1ln\u00edch bank. Zat\u00edmco ECB trv\u00e1 na ochran\u011b \u00fadaj\u016f a dobrovolnosti, kritici vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed obavy ze st\u00e1tn\u00edho dohledu, nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 technick\u00e9 transparentnosti a pl\u00ed\u017eiv\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed hotovosti.<br \/>\nDigit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro je st\u00e1le vyv\u00edjen\u00fdm projektem. Jedno je v\u0161ak jasn\u00e9 ji\u017e nyn\u00ed: pokud bude zavedeno, trvale zm\u011bn\u00ed vztahy mezi ob\u010dany, st\u00e1tem a bankami - mo\u017en\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u011b.<\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">\n<thead style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; text-align: left;\" colspan=\"2\">Stru\u010dn\u00e1 kronika: Miln\u00edky eura<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>1999<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Zaveden\u00ed eura jako \u00fa\u010detn\u00edch pen\u011bz v 11 zem\u00edch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>2002<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Hotovost v eurech nahrazuje n\u00e1rodn\u00ed m\u011bny<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>2021<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Zah\u00e1jen\u00ed f\u00e1ze \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed pro digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>2023<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Zah\u00e1jen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9 f\u00e1ze - projekt digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 podobu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Projekt \"Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro\" na \u010dasov\u00e9 ose - co ji\u017e bylo rozhodnuto<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00fdvoj digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura nen\u00ed rychl\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm, ale prob\u00edh\u00e1 podle strukturovan\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu, kter\u00fd nyn\u00ed trv\u00e1 n\u011bkolik let. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo se s \u010dasov\u00fdm pl\u00e1nem sezn\u00e1m\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee l\u00e9pe posoudit, jak daleko ji\u017e projekt pokro\u010dil - a kter\u00e9 kroky je je\u0161t\u011b t\u0159eba u\u010dinit.<\/p>\n<p>Cesta k mo\u017en\u00e9mu zaveden\u00ed je rozd\u011blena do n\u011bkolika jasn\u011b definovan\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed: f\u00e1ze \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed v letech 2021 a\u017e 2023, sou\u010dasn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e1 f\u00e1ze a dal\u0161\u00ed rozhodovac\u00ed bod v \u0159\u00edjnu 2025, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee rozhodnout o skute\u010dn\u00e9m zaveden\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>1. f\u00e1ze \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed (\u010dervenec 2021 a\u017e \u0159\u00edjen 2023): Shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1pad\u016f, ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed rizik, n\u00e1vrh architektury<\/h3>\n<p>F\u00e1ze \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 ofici\u00e1ln\u011b za\u010dala v \u010dervenci 2021, slou\u017eila nejprve ke stanoven\u00ed v\u00fdchoz\u00edho stavu. C\u00edlem bylo objasnit kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Jak by se dalo digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro technicky zav\u00e9st?<\/li>\n<li>Kdo bude zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za kter\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti infrastruktury?<\/li>\n<li>Jak\u00e1 rizika by to znamenalo pro bankovn\u00ed sektor, platebn\u00ed styk a finan\u010dn\u00ed stabilitu?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tato f\u00e1ze nebyla jen teoretick\u00fdm cvi\u010den\u00edm - naopak. V \u00fazk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ci s evropsk\u00fdmi bankami, poskytovateli platebn\u00edch slu\u017eeb, organizacemi na ochranu spot\u0159ebitel\u016f, centr\u00e1ln\u00edmi bankami a technologick\u00fdmi spole\u010dnostmi byly rozehr\u00e1ny konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e. Byly vypracov\u00e1ny prvotn\u00ed technick\u00e9 architektonick\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy a varianty mo\u017en\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch model\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem bylo naj\u00edt funk\u010dn\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hu: mezi inovacemi a stabilitou, mezi technologickou efektivitou a soukrom\u00edm, mezi st\u00e1tn\u00ed kontrolou a osobn\u00ed svobodou. U\u017e tehdy bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro nen\u00ed zam\u00fd\u0161leno jako experiment s blockchainem, ale jako st\u00e1tem kontrolovan\u00fd, \u0161iroce dostupn\u00fd platebn\u00ed prost\u0159edek, kter\u00fd bude existovat vedle hotovosti.<\/p>\n<p>Na konci \u0159\u00edjna 2023 ECB prohl\u00e1sila tuto f\u00e1zi za ukon\u010denou - s v\u011bdom\u00edm, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro je technicky provediteln\u00e9, ale jeho \u00fasp\u011bch z\u00e1vis\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na spole\u010densk\u00e9m a politick\u00e9m p\u0159ijet\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>2. f\u00e1ze p\u0159\u00edpravy (od listopadu 2023): Ur\u010dit design, integrovat poskytovatele, nastavit testovac\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/h3>\n<p>Druh\u00e1 f\u00e1ze byla ofici\u00e1ln\u011b zah\u00e1jena 1. listopadu 2023: p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e1 f\u00e1ze. Jej\u00ed trv\u00e1n\u00ed je napl\u00e1nov\u00e1no na dva roky do \u0159\u00edjna 2025. Tato f\u00e1ze se nyn\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed v\u00fdvoj implementace - jin\u00fdmi slovy na to, jak by digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro mohlo skute\u010dn\u011b vypadat, fungovat a b\u00fdt integrov\u00e1no do st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed platebn\u00ed infrastruktury. V pop\u0159ed\u00ed stoj\u00ed t\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed c\u00edle:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. dokon\u010dit technick\u00fd n\u00e1vrh<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Jak p\u0159esn\u011b by se m\u011bly transakce zpracov\u00e1vat - online a offline?<\/li>\n<li>Jak\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b dat je nutn\u00e9 a jak je zaru\u010dena jejich ochrana?<\/li>\n<li>Jak m\u016f\u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro fungovat i bez p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k internetu (offline platby)?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2. vyjasnit \u00falohu zprost\u0159edkovatel\u016f.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>ECB nechce vyd\u00e1vat digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro p\u0159\u00edmo koncov\u00fdm z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch bank a poskytovatel\u016f platebn\u00edch slu\u017eeb. Ti maj\u00ed slou\u017eit jako \"distribu\u010dn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165\" - podobn\u011b jako dnes hotovost. P\u0159esn\u00e1 \u00faloha t\u011bchto zprost\u0159edkovatel\u016f, jejich odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a povinnosti se nyn\u00ed podrobn\u011b definuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. zad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zak\u00e1zek a partnerstv\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>ECB ji\u017e zadala n\u011bkolik technologick\u00fdch pilotn\u00edch projekt\u016f a zak\u00e1zek. Spole\u010dnosti jako Giesecke+Devrient, Capgemini, Worldline a Amazon byly mimo jin\u00e9 pov\u011b\u0159eny v\u00fdvojem prototyp\u016f mobiln\u00edch aplikac\u00ed, offline platebn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f a backendov\u00e9 infrastruktury.<\/p>\n<p>Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost je v\u011bnov\u00e1na funk\u010dnosti offline: digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro - stejn\u011b jako hotovost - by m\u011blo fungovat i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee nen\u00ed k dispozici s\u00ed\u0165. Prvn\u00ed technick\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed s t\u00edm, \u017ee \u010d\u00e1stky pen\u011bz bude mo\u017en\u00e9 ukl\u00e1dat lok\u00e1ln\u011b na \u010dipu nebo v chytr\u00e9m telefonu a vym\u011b\u0148ovat je mezi dv\u011bma za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi - bez pot\u0159eby centralizovan\u00fdch server\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Tato p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e1 f\u00e1ze je jakousi gener\u00e1ln\u00ed zkou\u0161kou na skute\u010dn\u00e9 zaveden\u00ed - i kdy\u017e bez skute\u010dn\u00e9ho digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura. Slou\u017e\u00ed k vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry, vyjasn\u011bn\u00ed technick\u00fdch rizik a p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b funk\u010dn\u00edho pr\u00e1vn\u00edho r\u00e1mce.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. dal\u0161\u00ed krok (\u0159\u00edjen 2025): Politick\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed a mo\u017en\u00e9 zaveden\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed bod cel\u00e9ho projektu je napl\u00e1nov\u00e1n na \u0159\u00edjen 2025. Tehdy ECB na z\u00e1klad\u011b zku\u0161enost\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00fdch b\u011bhem p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9 f\u00e1ze rozhodne, zda p\u0159ejde do dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze: f\u00e1ze realiza\u010dn\u00ed. Tato dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze se \u010dasto ozna\u010duje jako \"f\u00e1ze budov\u00e1n\u00ed kapacit\" - jin\u00fdmi slovy, skute\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj v\u0161ech provozn\u00edch a technick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch pro uveden\u00ed na trh. Tady to za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 b\u00fdt v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro by mohlo b\u00fdt zavedeno pilotn\u011b, nap\u0159. ve vybran\u00fdch zem\u00edch nebo regionech.<\/li>\n<li>Prvn\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 transakce s omezen\u00fdm rozsahem by mohly b\u00fdt povoleny.<\/li>\n<li>A pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 infrastruktura by byla vytvo\u0159ena nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d v\u0161emi oblastmi - od p\u0159\u00edstupu k aplikac\u00edm a\u017e po banky a offline termin\u00e1ly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aby to v\u0161ak bylo v\u016fbec mo\u017en\u00e9, je st\u00e1le zapot\u0159eb\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed z\u00e1klad na \u00farovni EU. Evropsk\u00e1 komise ji\u017e p\u0159edlo\u017eila sv\u016fj legislativn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh, kter\u00fd v\u0161ak je\u0161t\u011b mus\u00ed proj\u00edt cel\u00fdm legislativn\u00edm procesem - v\u010detn\u011b Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu a Rady. Z\u00e1kon vstoup\u00ed v platnost nejd\u0159\u00edve v roce 2026.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud tento proces prob\u011bhne hladce, o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se mo\u017en\u00e9 zaveden\u00ed mezi lety 2028 a 2029, tak\u017ee se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 pomal\u00e9 a postupn\u00e9 zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed - s mnoha mezikroky, \u00fapravami a zp\u011btn\u00fdmi vazbami. ECB si je v\u011bdoma, \u017ee tento projekt m\u016f\u017ee \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b realizovat pouze s d\u016fv\u011brou ve\u0159ejnosti. Proto bude - alespo\u0148 podle vlastn\u00edho p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed - o ka\u017ed\u00e9m kroku transparentn\u011b informovat a pravideln\u011b z\u00edsk\u00e1vat zp\u011btnou vazbu od spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n<p>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro ji\u017e nen\u00ed jen v\u00e1gn\u00edm projektem budoucnosti, ale nach\u00e1z\u00ed se uprost\u0159ed strukturovan\u00e9 v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 f\u00e1ze. Mnoho z\u00e1kladn\u00edch rozhodnut\u00ed ji\u017e bylo u\u010din\u011bno - zejm\u00e9na pokud jde o jeho roli jako dopl\u0148kov\u00e9ho platebn\u00edho prost\u0159edku vedle hotovosti, jeho neprogramovatelnost a pl\u00e1novanou offline funk\u010dnost. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky jsou v\u0161ak teprve p\u0159ed n\u00e1mi: pr\u00e1vn\u00ed legitimizace, spole\u010densk\u00e9 p\u0159ijet\u00ed a chytr\u00e9 za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed do st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho, citliv\u011b vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9ho pen\u011b\u017en\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">\n<thead style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; text-align: left;\" colspan=\"2\">F\u00e1ze digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>2021-2023<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">F\u00e1ze \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed - proveditelnost, rizika, architektura<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>2023-2025<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">P\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e1 f\u00e1ze - n\u00e1vrh, v\u00fdb\u011br partnera, \u00favodn\u00ed testy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>\u0158\u00edjen 2025<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Rozhodnut\u00ed o zaveden\u00ed (\"Go\" nebo \"Stop\")<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>Od roku 2026<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Legislativn\u00ed postup EU - pr\u00e1vn\u00ed z\u00e1klad digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>Od roku 2028\/29<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed datum skute\u010dn\u00e9 emise digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Design, technologie, limity - co by digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro m\u011blo um\u011bt (a co rozhodn\u011b ne)<\/h2>\n<p>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt jen nov\u00fdm digit\u00e1ln\u00edm platebn\u00edm prost\u0159edkem, ale pen\u011bzi s jasn\u00fdmi pravidly. Evropsk\u00e1 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka (ECB) t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ve v\u0161ech sv\u00fdch publikac\u00edch zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee se p\u0159i tvorb\u011b digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura \u0159\u00edd\u00ed t\u0159emi z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi principy: M\u011bnov\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost, technologick\u00e1 suverenita a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bra.<\/p>\n<p>Tyto z\u00e1sady se odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed v konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch rozhodnut\u00edch o n\u00e1vrhu - a tak\u00e9 v z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b stanoven\u00fdch limitech. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro by p\u0159ece v\u00fdslovn\u011b nem\u011blo um\u011bt v\u0161e, co je technicky mo\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h3>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 \"programovateln\u00e9 pen\u00edze\" ze strany ECB<\/h3>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch sporn\u00fdch bod\u016f - zejm\u00e9na v odborn\u00fdch diskus\u00edch - je ot\u00e1zka, zda bude digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro \"programovateln\u00e9\", tj. zda bude moci b\u00fdt pou\u017eito pouze k ur\u010dit\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm, zda bude m\u00edt datum platnosti nebo zda bude moci b\u00fdt omezeno st\u00e1tem. ECB k tomu n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t zaujala jednozna\u010dn\u00e9 stanovisko:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>\"ECB nebude vyd\u00e1vat programovateln\u00e9 pen\u00edze. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 budou moci sv\u00e1 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed eura pou\u017e\u00edvat stejn\u011b voln\u011b jako hotovost.\"<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>M\u00e1 t\u00edm na mysli, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro nen\u00ed v\u00e1z\u00e1no na \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky ze strany centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010delov\u011b v\u00e1zan\u00e9 v\u00fddaje, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 data expirace, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 mo\u017enost kontroly jednotliv\u00fdch transakc\u00ed ze strany vl\u00e1dy na d\u00e1lku. T\u00edm se z\u00e1sadn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od koncept\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad zkou\u0161eny v \u010c\u00edn\u011b v r\u00e1mci e-CNY.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 otev\u0159en\u00fd ur\u010dit\u00fd prostor pro interpretaci - proto\u017ee: Co budou soukrom\u00ed poskytovatel\u00e9 platebn\u00edch slu\u017eeb nebo syst\u00e9my t\u0159et\u00edch stran v budoucnu technicky d\u011blat na aplika\u010dn\u00ed \u00farovni, je jin\u00e1 v\u011bc. ECB zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee \"poskytuje pouze z\u00e1kladn\u00ed infrastrukturu\" - v\u0161e ostatn\u00ed je v kompetenci zprost\u0159edkovatel\u016f. Pr\u00e1v\u011b zde pozd\u011bji za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 z\u00f3ny.<\/p>\n<h3>Soukrom\u00ed: dvou\u00farov\u0148ov\u00fd model pro online a offline<\/h3>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm bodem je ochrana dat. ECB zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro m\u016f\u017ee nab\u00eddnout v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed soukrom\u00ed - zejm\u00e9na ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s dne\u0161n\u00edmi platbami kartou. Pl\u00e1nuje se dvoustup\u0148ov\u00fd model:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Offline platby<\/strong>Ty by m\u011bly fungovat podobn\u011b jako hotovost. Pen\u00edze jsou ulo\u017eeny lok\u00e1ln\u011b v za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (nap\u0159. chytr\u00fd telefon, \u010dipov\u00e1 karta), platby nejsou evidov\u00e1ny centr\u00e1ln\u011b. Transakci vid\u00ed pouze pl\u00e1tce a p\u0159\u00edjemce. Siln\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed - pokud je spr\u00e1vn\u011b implementov\u00e1no z technick\u00e9ho hlediska.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Online platby<\/strong>Plat\u00ed zde standardizovan\u00e9 postupy pro prevenci pran\u00ed \u0161pinav\u00fdch pen\u011bz (KYC\/AML). ECB by sama nem\u011bla m\u00edt \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd vhled do platebn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f ani by nem\u011bla shroma\u017e\u010fovat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje o pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. \u00dadaje o transakc\u00edch by m\u011bly b\u00fdt uchov\u00e1v\u00e1ny v pseudonymizovan\u00e9 podob\u011b - srovnateln\u00e9 se syst\u00e9my SEPA.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>I zde v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 otazn\u00edk: Je to proto, \u017ee implementaci prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed banky a poskytovatel\u00e9 platebn\u00edch slu\u017eeb. Jejich z\u00e1jem o \u00fadaje o pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed je dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m. A st\u00e1t by tak\u00e9 mohl po\u017eadovat hlub\u0161\u00ed vhled prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm budouc\u00edch zm\u011bn z\u00e1kona - dne\u0161n\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky nejsou z\u00e1rukou pro z\u00edt\u0159ek.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u016fzkum o zaveden\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura<\/h3>\n<div class='bootstrap-yop yop-poll-mc'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"basic-yop-poll-container\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff; border:0px; border-style:solid; border-color:#000000; border-radius:5px; padding:0px 5px;\" data-id=\"7\" data-temp=\"basic-pretty\" data-skin=\"square\" data-cscheme=\"blue\" data-cap=\"0\" data-access=\"guest\" data-tid=\"\" data-uid=\"316567a4be61656cae73e17c89d2b866\" data-pid=\"2940\" data-resdet=\"votes-number,percentages\" data-show-results-to=\"guest\" data-show-results-moment=\"after-vote\" data-show-results-only=\"false\" data-show-message=\"true\" data-show-results-as=\"bar\" data-sort-results-by=\"as-defined\" data-sort-results-rule=\"asc\"data-is-ended=\"0\" data-percentages-decimals=\"2\" data-gdpr=\"no\" data-gdpr-sol=\"consent\" data-css=\".basic-yop-poll-container[data-uid] .basic-vote {\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\" data-counter=\"0\" data-load-with=\"1\" data-notification-section=\"top\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-md-12\"><div class=\"basic-inner\"><div class=\"basic-message hide\" style=\"border-left: 10px solid #008000; padding: 0px 10px;\" data-error=\"#ff0000\" data-success=\"#008000\"><p class=\"basic-message-text\" style=\"color:#000000; font-size:14px; font-weight:normal;\"><\/p><\/div><div class=\"basic-overlay hide\"><div class=\"basic-vote-options\"><\/div><div class=\"basic-preloader\"><div class=\"basic-windows8\"><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_1\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_2\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_3\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_4\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_5\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><form class=\"basic-form\" action=\"\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_token\" value=\"86987eae3b\" autocomplete=\"off\"><div class=\"basic-elements\"><div class=\"basic-element basic-question basic-question-text-vertical\" data-id=\"7\" data-uid=\"096a529f7873aefceba99e84ffe3f99c\" data-type=\"question\" data-question-type=\"text\" data-required=\"yes\" data-allow-multiple=\"no\" data-min=\"1\" data-max=\"7\" data-display=\"vertical\" data-colnum=\"\" data-display-others=\"no\" data-others-color=\"\" data-others=\"\" data-others-max-chars=\"0\"><div class=\"basic-question-title\"><h5 style=\"color:#000000; font-size:16px; font-weight:normal; text-align:left;\">Co si mysl\u00edte o pl\u00e1novan\u00e9m zaveden\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura?<\/h5><\/div><ul class=\"basic-answers\"><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"31\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"2\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[31]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"radio\" id=\"answer[31]\" name=\"answer[7]\" value=\"31\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Dob\u0159e - je to logick\u00fd krok v digitalizaci.<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"32\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"5\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[32]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"radio\" id=\"answer[32]\" name=\"answer[7]\" value=\"32\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed - pokud je zachov\u00e1na hotovost<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"33\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"15\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[33]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"radio\" id=\"answer[33]\" name=\"answer[7]\" value=\"33\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Kritick\u00e9 - vid\u00edm rizika pro kontrolu a monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"34\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"70\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[34]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"radio\" id=\"answer[34]\" name=\"answer[7]\" value=\"34\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Odm\u00edt\u00e1m - Odm\u00edt\u00e1m digit\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bny centr\u00e1ln\u00edch bank<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"35\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"2\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[35]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"radio\" id=\"answer[35]\" name=\"answer[7]\" value=\"35\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">V\u00edm o tom p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 m\u00e1lo<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-vote\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"button basic-vote-button\" role=\"button\" style=\"background:#027bb8; border:0px; border-style: solid; border-color:#000000; border-radius:5px; padding:10px 10px; color:#ffffff; font-size:14px; font-weight:normal;\">Hlasujte na<\/a><\/div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"trp-form-language\" value=\"cs\"\/><\/form><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Technick\u00e1 infrastruktura: offline schopnost a model zprost\u0159edkovatele<\/h3>\n<p>Jedine\u010dnou p\u0159ednost\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura je jeho pou\u017eitelnost mimo internet, co\u017e je oblast, ve kter\u00e9 mnoho jin\u00fdch digit\u00e1ln\u00edch platebn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f selh\u00e1v\u00e1. C\u00edlem je, aby u\u017eivatel\u00e9 mohli platit bez p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k internetu - nap\u0159\u00edklad na venkov\u011b, v zahrani\u010d\u00ed nebo v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b technick\u00fdch z\u00e1vad.<\/p>\n<p>Technicky se to d\u011bl\u00e1 tak, \u017ee se kredit ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 lok\u00e1ln\u011b na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (\u010dipov\u00e1 karta, chytr\u00fd telefon). Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed z\u00e1znamy o transakc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 jsou pozd\u011bji p\u0159i dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159ipojen\u00ed synchronizov\u00e1ny s infrastrukturou.<br \/>\nECB ji\u017e zadala zak\u00e1zky na zaveden\u00ed t\u011bchto syst\u00e9m\u016f pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdm partner\u016fm. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b aktivn\u00ed je n\u011bmeck\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Giesecke+Devrient, kter\u00e1 je st\u00e1le zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za v\u00fdrobu bankovek, co\u017e sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o tom, \u017ee spolehlivost m\u00e1 p\u0159ednost p\u0159ed reklamn\u00edm \u0161umem.<\/p>\n<p>V\u0161echny transakce - a\u0165 u\u017e offline nebo online - by nem\u011bly prob\u00edhat p\u0159\u00edmo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ECB, ale p\u0159es zprost\u0159edkovatele (banky, poskytovatele platebn\u00edch slu\u017eeb). To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1klad, ale trh p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1 aplikaci.<\/p>\n<h3>Limity a horn\u00ed limity dr\u017een\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Aby se zabr\u00e1nilo tomu, \u017ee klienti bank p\u0159evedou v\u0161echny sv\u00e9 vklady na digit\u00e1ln\u00ed eura, co\u017e by mohlo v\u00e9st k probl\u00e9m\u016fm s likviditou v komer\u010dn\u00edch bank\u00e1ch, pl\u00e1nuje ECB stanovit limit pro dr\u017ebu na osobu. Ten by se (k dne\u0161n\u00edmu dni) mohl pohybovat mezi 3 000 a 5 000 eury - p\u0159esn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka zat\u00edm nebyla stanovena. P\u0159i p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed tohoto limitu m\u00e1 za\u010d\u00edt fungovat automatick\u00fd \"vodop\u00e1dov\u00fd syst\u00e9m\", kter\u00fd p\u0159ebyte\u010dn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky p\u0159evede zp\u011bt na b\u011b\u017en\u00fd bankovn\u00ed \u00fa\u010det. I kdy\u017e je toto opat\u0159en\u00ed z d\u016fvodu stability pochopiteln\u00e9, vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Je digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro skute\u010dn\u011b \"pen\u011bzi jako hotovost\", kdy\u017e je mohu dr\u017eet jen v omezen\u00e9m rozsahu?<\/li>\n<li>A kdo m\u016f\u017ee zaru\u010dit, \u017ee se tento limit nebude postupn\u011b sni\u017eovat nebo podmi\u0148ovat?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"lyte-wrapper\" style=\"width:640px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_TnyCSlQ3iTw\"><div id=\"lyte_TnyCSlQ3iTw\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2FTnyCSlQ3iTw%2Fhqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/TnyCSlQ3iTw\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2FTnyCSlQ3iTw%2F0.jpg\" alt=\"Miniatura videa na YouTube\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\" \/><br \/>Pod\u00edvejte se na toto video na YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:640px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><br \/>\nP\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed \"digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro\": Ale k \u010demu n\u00e1m to bude? - <a href=\"https:\/\/www.handelsblatt.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Handelsblatt dnes<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Praxe a sporn\u00e9 body - co to znamen\u00e1 pro ob\u010dany, obchodn\u00edky a banky<\/h2>\n<p>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro je v\u00edce ne\u017e jen technick\u00e1 inovace - z\u00e1sadn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsob interakce mezi ob\u010dany, obchodn\u00edky a finan\u010dn\u00edmi institucemi. I kdy\u017e mnoho ot\u00e1zek st\u00e1le nen\u00ed zodpov\u011bzeno, ji\u017e nyn\u00ed se objevuj\u00ed praktick\u00e9 dopady a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed konfliktn\u00ed linie.<\/p>\n<h3>Pro ob\u010dany: v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011br - nebo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1vislost?<\/h3>\n<p>Z pohledu mnoha ob\u010dan\u016f je digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro zpo\u010d\u00e1tku v\u00fdhodn\u00fdm dopl\u0148kem. Umo\u017e\u0148uje snadn\u00e9 placen\u00ed bez poplatk\u016f za platbu kartou, funguje i offline a - podle ECB - by m\u011blo nab\u00edzet vysokou \u00farove\u0148 ochrany dat. Nav\u00edc nen\u00ed t\u0159eba m\u00edt tradi\u010dn\u00ed bankovn\u00ed \u00fa\u010det - co\u017e by mohlo pos\u00edlit finan\u010dn\u00ed za\u010dle\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad d\u011bt\u00ed, star\u0161\u00edch lid\u00ed nebo lid\u00ed bez p\u0159\u00edstupu k bankovn\u00edm slu\u017eb\u00e1m.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak existuje riziko, \u017ee dojde k dal\u0161\u00edmu vyt\u011bs\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed hotovosti - a\u0165 u\u017e postupn\u00e9mu, nebo zjevn\u00e9mu. Pokud budou obchodn\u00edci, \u00fa\u0159ady nebo poskytovatel\u00e9 slu\u017eeb v ur\u010dit\u00e9m okam\u017eiku p\u0159ij\u00edmat pouze digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platby (a z\u00e1kon tomu ji\u017e nebude br\u00e1nit), m\u016f\u017ee se digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro zm\u011bnit z dopl\u0148kov\u00e9 slu\u017eby na povinn\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Ot\u00e1zkou tak\u00e9 z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, kdo digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eenku ovl\u00e1d\u00e1?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pro offline \u00fav\u011br<\/strong>M\u00e1 u\u017eivatel skute\u010dn\u011b plnou kontrolu?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pro platby online<\/strong>Je soukrom\u00ed trvale zachov\u00e1no?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ob\u010dan\u00e9 se budou muset rozhodnout, kter\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu budou dlouhodob\u011b d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ovat - a jak velk\u00e9 kontroly jsou ochotni se vzd\u00e1t v\u00fdm\u011bnou za pohodl\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Pro maloobchodn\u00edky: nad\u011bje na pokles poplatk\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>Maloobchodn\u00edci vn\u00edmaj\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jako n\u00e1kladovou z\u00e1le\u017eitost. Platby kartou jsou v sou\u010dasnosti v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech zpoplatn\u011bny vysok\u00fdmi poplatky, zejm\u00e9na u mal\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stek. St\u00e1tem dotovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m bez poplatk\u016f by v t\u00e9to oblasti mohl p\u0159in\u00e9st skute\u010dnou \u00falevu - a tak\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed konkurenci.<\/p>\n<p>Sou\u010dasn\u011b je s t\u00edm spojena i pr\u00e1ce: je t\u0159eba zakoupit novou infrastrukturu, vy\u0161kolit zam\u011bstnance a p\u0159izp\u016fsobit procesy. A integrace do st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch pokladn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tom, nakolik jsou standardy skute\u010dn\u011b otev\u0159en\u00e9 - nebo zda op\u011bt p\u0159evl\u00e1dnou propriet\u00e1rn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Pro banky: strach ze ztr\u00e1ty vklad\u016f - a ot\u00e1zka obchodn\u00edho modelu<\/h3>\n<p>Nejhlasit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kritika zat\u00edm p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed z bankovn\u00edho sv\u011bta. Komer\u010dn\u00ed banky se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee ob\u010dan\u00e9 budou v budoucnu \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00fdch vklad\u016f \"p\u0159eparkov\u00e1vat\" v digit\u00e1ln\u00edch eurech, co\u017e by mohlo v\u00e9st k omezen\u00ed likvidity. A\u010dkoli horn\u00ed limity dr\u017eby maj\u00ed tento probl\u00e9m zm\u00edrnit, teprve se uk\u00e1\u017ee, zda budou dostate\u010dn\u00e9. Ot\u00e1zka pro banky nav\u00edc zn\u00ed: co n\u00e1m vlastn\u011b zb\u00fdv\u00e1? Pokud jsou platebn\u00ed styk, spr\u00e1va pen\u011bz a d\u016fv\u011bra op\u011bt v rukou centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky, pot\u0159ebujeme je\u0161t\u011b v\u016fbec tradi\u010dn\u00ed bankovn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dty?<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b toho maj\u00ed banky pomoci vybudovat infrastrukturu pro digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro, ale bez z\u00e1ruky p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f. ECB je vn\u00edm\u00e1 jako zprost\u0159edkovatele, ale bez z\u00e1vazn\u00e9ho modelu odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Mnoh\u00e9 instituce to vn\u00edmaj\u00ed jako roli bez n\u00e1roku na odm\u011bnu.<\/p>\n<p>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro je technicky dob\u0159e promy\u0161len\u00e9 a vybaven\u00e9 mnoha ochrann\u00fdmi mechanismy - alespo\u0148 na pap\u00ed\u0159e. Jak u\u017e to ale b\u00fdv\u00e1, pravda se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b: v implementaci, v legislativ\u011b, v p\u0159ijet\u00ed ob\u010dany - a v detailech, kter\u00e9 se po zaveden\u00ed jen t\u011b\u017eko zvr\u00e1t\u00ed. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed bude, zda avizovan\u00e1 dobrovolnost a ochrana soukrom\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b obstoj\u00ed p\u0159ed politick\u00fdmi a ekonomick\u00fdmi z\u00e1jmy.<\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">\n<thead style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; text-align: left;\" colspan=\"2\">Z\u00e1sady n\u00e1vrhu digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura (prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed ECB)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>Programovatelnost<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Neposkytuje ECB (bez \u00fa\u010delov\u00e9ho v\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed, bez data ukon\u010den\u00ed platnosti)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>Ochrana \u00fadaj\u016f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Offline: Podobn\u011b jako u hotovosti. Online: Pseudonymizovan\u00e9, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f v ECB.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>Funkce offline<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Technicky pl\u00e1nov\u00e1no s \u010dipovou kartou nebo smartphonem - peer-to-peer platby bez internetu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>Limit dr\u017een\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee bude \u010dinit 3 000-5 000 EUR, aby se omezil odliv prost\u0159edk\u016f z bank.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Kritika, nebezpe\u010d\u00ed a pohled na \u010c\u00ednu<\/h2>\n<p>V diskusi o digit\u00e1ln\u00edm euru se objevuje \u0159ada z\u00e1sadn\u00edch n\u00e1mitek, kter\u00e9 by nem\u011bly b\u00fdt jednodu\u0161e odm\u00edtnuty, ale je t\u0159eba je br\u00e1t v\u00e1\u017en\u011b a jasn\u011b na n\u011b odpov\u011bd\u011bt.<\/p>\n<h3>1. riziko omezen\u00ed svobody prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm digit\u00e1ln\u00ed kontroly<\/h3>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch argument\u016f kritik\u016f je, \u017ee jakmile se pen\u00edze stanou digit\u00e1ln\u00edmi a centr\u00e1ln\u011b spravovan\u00fdmi, z\u00edskaj\u00ed st\u00e1ty nebo centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky n\u00e1stroj, kter\u00fd d\u0159\u00edve u hotovosti nebyl k dispozici - a to plnou sledovatelnost, omezen\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed nebo dokonce vzd\u00e1len\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k pen\u011bz\u016fm. Ve skute\u010dnosti <a href=\"https:\/\/crosscapadvisors.com\/7-potential-issues-with-the-proposed-digital-euro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>varuj\u00ed odborn\u00edci<\/strong><\/a>\u017ee nespr\u00e1vn\u011b navr\u017een\u00e9 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro by mohlo vytvo\u0159it \"pr\u016fhlednou osobu\". P\u0159\u00edklady ob\u00e1van\u00e9 kontroly:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Datum vypr\u0161en\u00ed platnosti digit\u00e1ln\u00edho kreditu nebo \u00fa\u010delov\u00e9ho v\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> (<em>\"Tyto pen\u00edze mohou b\u00fdt pou\u017eity pouze na...\"<\/em>) - pokud je to technicky mo\u017en\u00e9. Kritika: To je v rozporu s ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00edm svobody pen\u011bz jako obecn\u011b pou\u017eiteln\u00e9ho prost\u0159edku sm\u011bny.<\/li>\n<li><strong>P\u0159\u00edstup org\u00e1n\u016f<\/strong>Pokud jsou v syst\u00e9mu digit\u00e1ln\u00ed prost\u0159edky, je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed poku\u0161en\u00ed je v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b krize rychle zmrazit nebo p\u0159esm\u011brovat. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cato.org\/blog\/digital-euro-divide-eu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Kritici to pova\u017euj\u00ed za<\/strong><\/a> oslaben\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edho sebeur\u010den\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 anonymita<\/strong>I kdy\u017e Evropsk\u00e1 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka (ECB) zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee nechce m\u00edt p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k \u00fadaj\u016fm u\u017eivatel\u016f, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed ot\u00e1zka: je \"soukrom\u00ed\" v digit\u00e1ln\u00edm prostoru toto\u017en\u00e9 se soukrom\u00edm v hotovosti? N\u011bkter\u00e9 studie tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee nikoli.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. programovatelnost a potenci\u00e1l soci\u00e1ln\u00ed kontroly<\/h3>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm \u010dasto zmi\u0148ovan\u00fdm rizikem je, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bny by mohly b\u00fdt vybaveny programovateln\u00fdmi funkcemi - kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova: chytr\u00e9 kontrakty, automatick\u00e9 \u010dasy vypr\u0161en\u00ed platnosti, vy\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed prost\u0159edk\u016f. <a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Digitaler%2C_programmierbarer_Euro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Kritici varuj\u00ed<\/strong><\/a>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zaveden\u00ed tohoto syst\u00e9mu by vl\u00e1dy nebo centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky mohly diskriminovat jednotlivce nebo skupiny se \"\u0161patn\u00fdm\" sk\u00f3re nebo uvol\u0148ovat pen\u00edze pouze za \"dobr\u00e9\" chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>I kdy\u017e ECB dosud opakovan\u011b uji\u0161\u0165ovala, \u017ee nevy\u010dlenila \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u00fa\u010del ani nestanovila datum ukon\u010den\u00ed platnosti, st\u00e1le tomu tak je: Jednou zaveden\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 zvr\u00e1tit.<\/p>\n<h3>3. finan\u010dn\u00ed stabilita, banky a syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 rizika<\/h3>\n<p>T\u0159et\u00ed bod kritiky se t\u00fdk\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b ob\u010dansk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a v\u00edce syst\u00e9mu: pokud bude moci ka\u017ed\u00fd ob\u010dan p\u0159\u00edmo dr\u017eet digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pen\u00edze centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky, povede to k mo\u017en\u00e9 migraci od vklad\u016f v komer\u010dn\u00edch bank\u00e1ch k z\u016fstatk\u016fm v centr\u00e1ln\u00ed bance - zejm\u00e9na v dob\u011b krize. To by mohlo ohrozit obchodn\u00ed model bank. <a href=\"https:\/\/cepr.org\/voxeu\/columns\/digital-euro-after-investigation-phase-demystifying-fears-about-bank\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>vyv\u00edj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00fd tlak na<\/strong><\/a>sn\u00ed\u017eit objem \u00fav\u011br\u016f, a t\u00edm zat\u00ed\u017eit ekonomiku.<\/p>\n<p>Zaveden\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed infrastruktury s sebou nav\u00edc p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed nov\u00e1 rizika \u00fatoku, selh\u00e1n\u00ed a kybernetick\u00e1 rizika - pokud by syst\u00e9m nebyl odoln\u00fd, mohli by b\u00fdt ob\u010dan\u00e9 v\u00e1\u017en\u011b od\u0159\u00edznuti od mo\u017enosti pou\u017e\u00edvat pen\u00edze.<\/p>\n<h3>4. probl\u00e9m akceptace a ot\u00e1zka p\u0159\u00ednosu<\/h3>\n<p>\u010casto opom\u00edjen\u00fd bod: mnoho lid\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mitrade.com\/insights\/news\/live-news\/article-3-696103-20250314\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>se jednodu\u0161e zeptat sami sebe<\/strong><\/a>jakou v\u00fdhodu by digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro m\u011blo v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v mnoha zem\u00edch dob\u0159e funguje hotovost plus karta plus chytr\u00fd telefon - proto nejsou v\u00fdhody automaticky p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9. Pokud neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 p\u0159idan\u00e1 hodnota, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 projekt n\u00e1chyln\u00fd k odm\u00edtnut\u00ed ze strany ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">\n<thead style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<tr>\n<th>Skupina<\/th>\n<th>\u00da\u010dinky a p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti<\/th>\n<th>Obavy a rizika<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>Ob\u010dan\u00e9<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Snadn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k pen\u011bz\u016fm podporovan\u00fdm vl\u00e1dou, vysok\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 soukrom\u00ed offline, nen\u00ed nutn\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 banka.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Pl\u00ed\u017eiv\u00fd p\u0159esun hotovosti, mo\u017en\u00e1 kontrola prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch legislativn\u00edch zm\u011bn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>Maloobchodn\u00ed prodejce<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">M\u00e9n\u011b poplatk\u016f, rychlej\u0161\u00ed platebn\u00ed transakce, lep\u0161\u00ed infrastruktura<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">N\u00e1klady na konverzi, pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 nov\u00e1 technologie, \u00fasil\u00ed o integraci<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>Banky<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">\u00da\u010dast jako zprost\u0159edkovatel mysliteln\u00e1, nov\u00e9 oblasti podnik\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Ztr\u00e1ta vklad\u016f, oslaben\u00fd obchodn\u00ed model, nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 vyhl\u00eddky na zisk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s \u010c\u00ednou: e-CNY, vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o soci\u00e1ln\u00edch \u00fav\u011brech a pou\u010den\u00ed pro Evropu<\/h2>\n<p>Nyn\u00ed se d\u00edv\u00e1me na v\u00fdchod - na digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pen\u00edze \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky a souvisej\u00edc\u00ed syst\u00e9my - nikoli proto, abychom srovnali Evropu, ale abychom l\u00e9pe pochopili potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed rizika.<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u010c\u00edna: architektura a praxe<\/h3>\n<p>Se sv\u00fdm <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Digital_renminbi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>digit\u00e1ln\u00ed renminbi<\/strong><\/a> (e-CNY) je jedn\u00edm z nejpokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00edch pilotn\u00edch projekt\u016f digit\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bn centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky na sv\u011bt\u011b. V\u00fdrazn\u00e9 jsou funkce, jako je programovatelnost, mo\u017enost pr\u00e1ce v re\u017eimu offline a integrace s ka\u017edodenn\u00edmi aplikacemi, kter\u00e9 jsou ji\u017e nyn\u00ed vysoce digitalizovan\u00e9. \u010c\u00edna z\u00e1rove\u0148 disponuje syst\u00e9mem soci\u00e1ln\u00edho kreditu, kter\u00fd hodnot\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016f a firem a spojuje s n\u00edm sankce nebo privilegia - a\u0165 u\u017e jde o cestov\u00e1n\u00ed, n\u00e1kupn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed na internetu nebo p\u0159\u00edstup k financov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>2 P\u0159enositelnost do Evropy: rozd\u00edly a varovn\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly<\/h3>\n<p>Evropa ve sv\u00fdch projektov\u00fdch dokumentech jasn\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt programovateln\u00e9, m\u011blo by dopl\u0148ovat pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hotovosti, nikoli ji nahrazovat, a m\u011blo by zaru\u010dovat soukrom\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti ukazuj\u00ed typick\u00e9 rizikov\u00e9 profily:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Technologick\u00e1 s\u00edla<\/strong>Kdo ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 platebn\u00ed infrastrukturu, ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 data - to zvy\u0161uje politickou a ekonomickou moc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Propojen\u00ed se soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi syst\u00e9my<\/strong>V \u010c\u00edn\u011b je syst\u00e9m soci\u00e1ln\u00edho kreditu \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b propojen s \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm plateb nebo digit\u00e1ln\u00ed identity. V Evrop\u011b se soub\u011b\u017en\u011b rozv\u00edj\u00ed projekt digit\u00e1ln\u00ed identity, kter\u00fd podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch n\u00e1zor\u016f otev\u00edr\u00e1 cestu k roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 kontrole platebn\u00edch transakc\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rychl\u00fd rozvoj vs. demokratick\u00e1 kontrola<\/strong>Zat\u00edmco v \u010c\u00edn\u011b prob\u00edh\u00e1 rychl\u00fd proces, v Evrop\u011b prob\u00edh\u00e1 pomal\u00fd, demokraticky \u0159\u00edzen\u00fd proces. To sk\u00fdt\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, ale tak\u00e9 rizika: jakmile je technologie jednou zavedena, bude obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ji pozd\u011bji zm\u011bnit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3 pou\u010den\u00ed pro Evropu - a nezodpov\u011bzen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h3>\n<p>\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee oblast digit\u00e1ln\u00edch plateb m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt rychle za\u010dlen\u011bna do syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd dalece p\u0159esahuje r\u00e1mec \u010dist\u011b platebn\u00edch transakc\u00ed. Pro Evropu to znamen\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>Je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, aby byly v legislativn\u00edm procesu jasn\u011b vylou\u010deny v\u0161echny budouc\u00ed funkce digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura nebo aby byly umo\u017en\u011bny pouze kontrolovan\u00fdmi postupy - nap\u0159. programov\u00e1n\u00edm pouze na stran\u011b u\u017eivatele, nikoliv na stran\u011b centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky.<\/p>\n<p>Ochrana offline plateb, minimalizace \u00fadaj\u016f a svoboda volby z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edmi body, proto\u017ee jinak by syst\u00e9m mohl rychle z\u00edskat podobu \"n\u00e1stroje pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed plateb\". Transparentnost a demokratick\u00e1 legitimizace mus\u00ed r\u016fst spolu s n\u00edm - dokud je projekt je\u0161t\u011b v plenk\u00e1ch, je mo\u017en\u00e9 ho ovliv\u0148ovat.<\/p>\n<p>Zaveden\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura nepochybn\u011b p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti - lep\u0161\u00ed platebn\u00ed infrastrukturu, finan\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup, technologickou suverenitu. Kritick\u00e9 hlasy v\u0161ak jasn\u011b upozor\u0148uj\u00ed: Svoboda, soukrom\u00ed, stabilita bankovn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a demokratick\u00e1 kontrola nejsou zaru\u010deny. Pohled na \u010c\u00ednu slou\u017e\u00ed jako varovn\u00e9 sv\u011btlo a ukazuje, jak rychle se digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platebn\u00ed prost\u0159edky mohou st\u00e1t sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho kontroln\u00edho syst\u00e9mu - pokud nez\u016fstaneme ostra\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">\n<thead style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<tr>\n<th>Bod kritiky<\/th>\n<th>Odpov\u011b\u010f ECB \/ protiargument<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>Pen\u00edze s datem expirace<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Nepl\u00e1nuje se - digit\u00e1ln\u00ed eura by m\u011bla b\u00fdt k dispozici po neomezenou dobu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>Celkov\u00fd dohled<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Offline platby zcela anonymn\u00ed; online pseudonymizovan\u00e9, bez p\u0159\u00edstupu ECB k \u00fadaj\u016fm.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>Vy\u010dlen\u011bn\u00e9 pen\u00edze<\/strong> (\"pouze pro...\")<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">Nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky - zaru\u010dena bezplatn\u00e1 pou\u017eitelnost<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\"><strong>Syst\u00e9m soci\u00e1ln\u00edho kreditu jako v \u010c\u00edn\u011b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc;\">\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 spojen\u00ed, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 datov\u00e9 propojen\u00ed s chov\u00e1n\u00edm nebo pl\u00e1novan\u00fd eID - podle ECB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Co z\u016fstane z digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura?<\/h2>\n<p>Podle dosavadn\u00edch poznatk\u016f je digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro projektem dvou tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b je tu skute\u010dn\u00e1 ambice vytvo\u0159it st\u00e1tem bezpe\u010dn\u00fd hotovostn\u00ed platebn\u00ed prost\u0159edek v digit\u00e1ln\u00edm prostoru. Jde o to, aby ve sv\u011bt\u011b, v n\u011bm\u017e hotovost ztr\u00e1c\u00ed na v\u00fdznamu a digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platby st\u00e1le v\u00edce ovl\u00e1daj\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed korporace, nad\u00e1le existoval n\u00e1stroj, kter\u00fd pat\u0159\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti, nikoli trhu. Z tohoto pohledu je digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro modern\u00edm p\u0159\u00edslibem svobody.<\/p>\n<p>Na druhou stranu - a to je stejn\u011b re\u00e1ln\u00e9 - stejn\u00fd mechanismus vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1stroj, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zneu\u017eit. I kdy\u017e Evropsk\u00e1 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka a Evropsk\u00e1 komise opakovan\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt programovateln\u00e9, monitorovateln\u00e9, povinn\u00e9: Technick\u00fd z\u00e1klad by to umo\u017e\u0148oval. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou tedy nen\u00ed jen to, co se pl\u00e1nuje - ale co by v ur\u010dit\u00e9m okam\u017eiku mohlo b\u00fdt mo\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Ostra\u017eitost je nutn\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b proto, \u017ee z jin\u00fdch zem\u00ed - zejm\u00e9na z \u010c\u00edny - v\u00edme, jak rychle mohou b\u00fdt digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platebn\u00ed syst\u00e9my propojeny se soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi, politick\u00fdmi nebo kontroln\u00edmi n\u00e1stroji souvisej\u00edc\u00edmi s identitou. A to i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee p\u0159eva\u017euj\u00ed dobr\u00e9 \u00famysly: Historie ukazuje, \u017ee politick\u00e9 r\u00e1mce se mohou rychle zm\u011bnit - a s nimi i zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm zach\u00e1z\u00edme s technologiemi, kter\u00e9 jsou ji\u017e zako\u0159en\u011bny v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b.<\/p>\n<h3>Co to znamen\u00e1 pro ob\u010dany a podniky?<\/h3>\n<p>Pro ob\u010dany znamen\u00e1 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro zpo\u010d\u00e1tku dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost volby, ale z dlouhodob\u00e9ho hlediska tak\u00e9 povinnost v\u011bnovat mu pozornost. Kdo si st\u00e1le mysl\u00ed, \u017ee se ho to net\u00fdk\u00e1, proto\u017ee m\u016f\u017ee i nad\u00e1le platit v hotovosti, neuv\u011bdomuje si, \u017ee akceptace hotovosti nen\u00ed oslabov\u00e1na z\u00e1konem, ale chov\u00e1n\u00edm trhu. Pokud budou prodejci a platformy v budoucnu \"nab\u00edzet pouze digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platby\", stane se tento syst\u00e9m realitou, a\u0165 se v\u00e1m to l\u00edb\u00ed, nebo ne.<\/p>\n<p>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro nab\u00edz\u00ed podnik\u016fm p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti - nap\u0159\u00edklad v podob\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch transak\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f, nov\u00e9 infrastruktury a nez\u00e1vislosti na karetn\u00edch omezen\u00edch. Ale i zde plat\u00ed, \u017ee kdo se slep\u011b spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na st\u00e1tn\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9my, odevzd\u00e1v\u00e1 kus ekonomick\u00e9 odpov\u011bdnosti. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro nebude jen \"pohodlnou platebn\u00ed metodou\", ale tak\u00e9 politicky regulovan\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem. Je t\u0159eba se s n\u00edm um\u011bt vypo\u0159\u00e1dat - nejen technicky, ale i z hlediska jeho rozsahu.<\/p>\n<h2>Chcete-li b\u00fdt svobodn\u00ed, mus\u00edte b\u00fdt ve st\u0159ehu.<\/h2>\n<p>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro nen\u00ed \u010dist\u011b finan\u010dn\u00ed inovace, ale soci\u00e1ln\u00ed projekt. Zm\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161 vztah k pen\u011bz\u016fm, svobod\u011b, kontrole a d\u016fv\u011b\u0159e - bez ohledu na to, zda je budeme pou\u017e\u00edvat, nebo ne. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt tato ot\u00e1zka delegov\u00e1na - ani na odborn\u00edky, ani na politiky, ani na technokraty. Je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Je na ka\u017ed\u00e9m jednotlivci, aby m\u011bl o\u010di otev\u0159en\u00e9, zpochyb\u0148oval v\u00fdvoj a uv\u011bdomoval si hodnotu skute\u010dn\u00e9 svobody - i v mal\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. Jakmile si toti\u017e uv\u011bdom\u00edme, co jsme ztratili, je \u010dasto pozd\u011b na to, abychom to z\u00edskali zp\u011bt.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"display-post-types\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#dpt-wrapper-570 { --dpt-text-align: left;--dpt-image-crop: center;--dpt-border-radius: 5px;--dpt-small-grid-column: 33.33%;--dpt-large-grid-column: 33.3333333333%;--dpt-h-gutter: 10px;--dpt-v-gutter: 10px; }\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">#dpt-wrapper-570 { --dpt-title-font-style:normal;--dpt-title-font-weight:600;--dpt-title-line-height:1.5;--dpt-title-text-decoration:none;--dpt-title-text-transform:none;--dpt-excerpt-font-style:normal;--dpt-excerpt-font-weight:400;--dpt-excerpt-line-height:1.5;--dpt-excerpt-text-decoration:none;--dpt-excerpt-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta1-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta1-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta1-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta1-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta1-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta2-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta2-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta2-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta2-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta2-text-transform:none; }<\/style><div class=\"dpt-main-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-main-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dpt-main-title-text\">Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky o z\u00e1konech EU<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"dpt-wrapper-570\" class=\"dpt-wrapper dpt-grid1 multi-col dpt-mason-wrap\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"cloud-act, datenhoheit und die schweiz: ein wendepunkt f\u00fcr europ\u00e4ische it-strategien?\" data-id=\"3727\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft\" data-post_tag=\"datenbanken datenschutz digitales eigentum eu-gesetze europa\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/11\/suverenita-dat-v-ramci-cloudoveho-zakona-a-svycarsko-jako-bod-obratu-pro-evropske-strategie-v-oblasti-it\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">CLOUD Act, datov\u00e1 suverenita a \u0160v\u00fdcarsko: bod obratu pro evropsk\u00e9 IT strategie?<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Co znamen\u00e1 \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9 usnesen\u00ed o cloudu pro Evropu?\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schweiz-cloud-resolution-eu.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schweiz-cloud-resolution-eu.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schweiz-cloud-resolution-eu-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schweiz-cloud-resolution-eu-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schweiz-cloud-resolution-eu-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 67%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/11\/suverenita-dat-v-ramci-cloudoveho-zakona-a-svycarsko-jako-bod-obratu-pro-evropske-strategie-v-oblasti-it\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">CLOUD Act, datov\u00e1 suverenita a \u0160v\u00fdcarsko: bod obratu pro evropsk\u00e9 IT strategie?<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"regelbasierte weltordnung und v\u00f6lkerrecht: zwischen anspruch, realit\u00e4t und rechtsbruch\" data-id=\"4275\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft\" data-post_tag=\"denkmodelle eu-gesetze europa geopolitik krisen sicherheitspolitik\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/01\/svetovy-rad-zalozeny-na-pravidlech-a-mezinarodni-pravo-mezi-realitou-a-porusovanim-prava\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d zalo\u017een\u00fd na pravidlech a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo: mezi tvrzen\u00edm, skute\u010dnost\u00ed a poru\u0161en\u00edm pr\u00e1va<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo a sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d zalo\u017een\u00fd na pravidlech\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 67%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/01\/svetovy-rad-zalozeny-na-pravidlech-a-mezinarodni-pravo-mezi-realitou-a-porusovanim-prava\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d zalo\u017een\u00fd na pravidlech a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo: mezi tvrzen\u00edm, skute\u010dnost\u00ed a poru\u0161en\u00edm pr\u00e1va<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"elektronische rechnungen im mittelstand: xrechnung, zugferd und erp im \u00dcberblick\" data-id=\"3135\"  data-category=\"apple macos filemaker &amp; erp\" data-post_tag=\"datenbanken erp-software eu-gesetze filemaker gfm-business prozesse\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/10\/elektronicka-fakturace-v-malych-a-strednich-podnicich-xrechnung-zugferd-a-erp-v-kostce\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Elektronick\u00e9 faktury pro mal\u00e9 a st\u0159edn\u00ed podniky: XRechnung, ZUGFeRD a ERP v kostce<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"P\u0159ehled povinnosti vystavovat elektronick\u00e9 faktury\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elektronische-rechnungen-erp.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elektronische-rechnungen-erp.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elektronische-rechnungen-erp-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elektronische-rechnungen-erp-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elektronische-rechnungen-erp-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 67%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/10\/elektronicka-fakturace-v-malych-a-strednich-podnicich-xrechnung-zugferd-a-erp-v-kostce\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Elektronick\u00e9 faktury pro mal\u00e9 a st\u0159edn\u00ed podniky: XRechnung, ZUGFeRD a ERP v kostce<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"der digitale euro kommt \u2013 was er bedeutet, was er nicht darf, und was er k\u00f6nnte\" data-id=\"3345\"  data-category=\"allgemein apple iphone &amp; ipad gesellschaft\" data-post_tag=\"datenschutz eu-gesetze europa ratgeber\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/11\/digitalni-euro-prichazi-co-to-znamena-co-nesmi-delat-a-co-by-mohlo-delat\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed - co znamen\u00e1, co nesm\u00ed d\u011blat a co by mohlo d\u011blat<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Digitaler-Euro.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Digitaler-Euro.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Digitaler-Euro-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Digitaler-Euro-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Digitaler-Euro-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 67%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/11\/digitalni-euro-prichazi-co-to-znamena-co-nesmi-delat-a-co-by-mohlo-delat\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed - co znamen\u00e1, co nesm\u00ed d\u011blat a co by mohlo d\u011blat<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"hohe energiepreise in deutschland verstehen: gas, strom und benzin einfach erkl\u00e4rt\" data-id=\"4103\"  data-category=\"allgemein featured gesellschaft tipps &amp; anleitungen\" data-post_tag=\"deutschland energiepolitik eu-gesetze europa krisen ratgeber\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/12\/vysvetleni-vysokych-cen-energii-v-nemecku-plyn-elektrina-a-benzin-jednoduse\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Pochopen\u00ed vysok\u00fdch cen energi\u00ed v N\u011bmecku: Plyn, elekt\u0159ina a benzin jednodu\u0161e vysv\u011btleny<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Ceny energi\u00ed v N\u011bmecku\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/energiepreise-deutschland.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/energiepreise-deutschland.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/energiepreise-deutschland-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/energiepreise-deutschland-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/energiepreise-deutschland-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 67%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/12\/vysvetleni-vysokych-cen-energii-v-nemecku-plyn-elektrina-a-benzin-jednoduse\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Pochopen\u00ed vysok\u00fdch cen energi\u00ed v N\u011bmecku: Plyn, elekt\u0159ina a benzin jednodu\u0161e vysv\u011btleny<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"energie, macht und abh\u00e4ngigkeit: europas weg vom exportweltmeister zum nachfrager\" data-id=\"4945\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft\" data-post_tag=\"denkmodelle deutschland energiepolitik eu-gesetze europa geopolitik krisen meinungsfreiheit sicherheitspolitik\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/02\/energeticka-sila-a-zavislost-prechod-evropy-ze-svetoveho-exportniho-sampiona-na-spotrebitele\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Energie, moc a z\u00e1vislost: cesta Evropy od sv\u011btov\u00e9ho exportn\u00edho \u0161ampiona ke spot\u0159ebiteli<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Evropa a energie\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Europa-Energie.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Europa-Energie.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Europa-Energie-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Europa-Energie-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Europa-Energie-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 67%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/02\/energeticka-sila-a-zavislost-prechod-evropy-ze-svetoveho-exportniho-sampiona-na-spotrebitele\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Energie, moc a z\u00e1vislost: cesta Evropy od sv\u011btov\u00e9ho exportn\u00edho \u0161ampiona ke spot\u0159ebiteli<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o digit\u00e1ln\u00edm euru<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Co p\u0159esn\u011b je digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro a jak se li\u0161\u00ed od eura na va\u0161em bankovn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dtu?<\/strong><br \/>\nDigit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro by bylo novou formou pen\u011bz centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky - podobnou hotovosti, ale v digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podob\u011b. Na rozd\u00edl od pen\u011bz na bankovn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dtu, kter\u00e9 jsou v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku pohled\u00e1vkou v\u016f\u010di komer\u010dn\u00ed bance, by digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro bylo p\u0159\u00edmou pohled\u00e1vkou v\u016f\u010di Evropsk\u00e9 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed bance (ECB). To znamen\u00e1: naprosto bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, bez rizika platebn\u00ed neschopnosti, garantovan\u00e9 st\u00e1tem. C\u00edlem je, aby euro z\u016fstalo k dispozici jako ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 pen\u00edze v digit\u00e1ln\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b - vedle hotovosti.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nahrad\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro hotovost?<\/strong><br \/>\nOfici\u00e1ln\u011b: Ne. ECB a Evropsk\u00e1 komise zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro m\u00e1 doplnit hotovost, nikoli ji nahradit. Je ur\u010deno k pou\u017eit\u00ed tam, kde ji\u017e nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 platit hotovost\u00ed - nap\u0159. v internetov\u00e9m obchod\u011b. P\u0159esto existuj\u00ed obavy, \u017ee by digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro mohlo v dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu nahradit hotovost, pokud by maloobchodn\u00edci, \u00fa\u0159ady nebo spole\u010dnosti p\u0159ij\u00edmali pouze digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platebn\u00ed prost\u0159edky. Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed povinnost p\u0159ij\u00edmat hotovost nen\u00ed v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v cel\u00e9 EU pevn\u011b stanovena.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jak\u00e9 jsou hlavn\u00ed d\u016fvody, pro\u010d chce ECB zav\u00e9st digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro?<\/strong><br \/>\nD\u016fvod\u016f je n\u011bkolik:<br \/>\n- Technologick\u00e1 suverenita v\u016f\u010di poskytovatel\u016fm platebn\u00edch slu\u017eeb se s\u00eddlem v USA (nap\u0159. Visa, Mastercard, PayPal).<br \/>\n- Reakce na kryptom\u011bny a stablecoiny, kter\u00e9 vybudovaly d\u016fv\u011bru v alternativn\u00ed formy placen\u00ed.<br \/>\n- Zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dostupnosti ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch, st\u00e1tem podporovan\u00fdch pen\u011bz v digit\u00e1ln\u00edm prostoru.<br \/>\n- Podpora finan\u010dn\u00edho za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed - nap\u0159\u00edklad pro lidi bez bankovn\u00edho \u00fa\u010dtu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bylo ji\u017e zavedeno digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro?<\/strong><br \/>\nNe, digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro je v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b (od konce roku 2025) v p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi, kter\u00e1 prob\u00edh\u00e1 od listopadu 2023. Kone\u010dn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed o zaveden\u00ed se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 nejd\u0159\u00edve v \u0159\u00edjnu 2025. Ke skute\u010dn\u00e9mu vyd\u00e1n\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016fm by mohlo doj\u00edt nejd\u0159\u00edve na p\u0159elomu let 2028\/2029 - za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee do t\u00e9 doby bude p\u0159ijat odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1kon EU.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jak digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro funguje technicky - i bez internetu?<\/strong><br \/>\nDigit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro lze pou\u017e\u00edt dv\u011bma zp\u016fsoby:<br \/>\n- Online: prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm aplikace nebo rozhran\u00ed s p\u0159ipojen\u00edm k internetu.<br \/>\n- Offline: prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm lok\u00e1ln\u011b ulo\u017een\u00e9ho kreditu v \u010dipu nebo smartphonu, kter\u00fd lze p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et mezi dv\u011bma za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi. Tuto funkci v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b vyv\u00edjej\u00ed partnersk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti (nap\u0159. Giesecke+Devrient). C\u00edlem je, aby digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro fungovalo bez s\u00edt\u011b - stejn\u011b jako hotovost.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bude digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro \"programovateln\u00e9\" - lze jej nav\u00e1zat na podm\u00ednky?<\/strong><br \/>\nPodle ECB: Ne. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt programovateln\u00e9 - alespo\u0148 ne centr\u00e1ln\u00ed bankou. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 by m\u011bli m\u00edt mo\u017enost pou\u017e\u00edvat tyto pen\u00edze stejn\u011b voln\u011b jako hotovost. Existuj\u00ed v\u0161ak technick\u00e9 mo\u017enosti, s jejich\u017e pomoc\u00ed by syst\u00e9my t\u0159et\u00edch stran (nap\u0159. aplikace obchodn\u00edk\u016f, platformy) mohly zahrnout ur\u010dit\u00e1 pravidla - nap\u0159. slevy nebo omezen\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. Kritici v tom nicm\u00e9n\u011b vid\u00ed vstupn\u00ed br\u00e1nu pro pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed omezen\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jak je to se soukrom\u00edm v digit\u00e1ln\u00edm euru?<\/strong><br \/>\nECB pl\u00e1nuje dvoustup\u0148ov\u00fd syst\u00e9m:<br \/>\n- Offline platby by m\u011bly b\u00fdt \"podobn\u00e9 hotovosti\", tj. bez centralizovan\u00e9ho ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed transak\u010dn\u00edch dat.<br \/>\n- Online platby vy\u017eaduj\u00ed ze z\u00e1kona kontrolu KYC\/AML, ale jsou zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1ny pseudonymizovan\u011b. ECB zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee nechce uchov\u00e1vat ani p\u0159ed\u00e1vat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje. P\u0159esto se objevuje kritika: i pseudonymizovan\u00e9 \u00fadaje by mohly b\u00fdt v dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu spojeny s identitou.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kolik digit\u00e1ln\u00edch eur m\u016f\u017eete vlastnit? Existuje n\u011bjak\u00fd limit?<\/strong><br \/>\nAno, aby nedo\u0161lo k destabilizaci bankovn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, maj\u00ed b\u00fdt zavedeny tzv. limity pro dr\u017ebu - pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b 3 000 a\u017e 5 000 eur na osobu. \u010c\u00e1stky nad tuto hranici by byly automaticky p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u011bny zp\u011bt na b\u011b\u017en\u00fd bankovn\u00ed \u00fa\u010det (\"vodop\u00e1dov\u00fd model\"). To m\u00e1 zabr\u00e1nit tomu, aby se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho bankovn\u00edch vklad\u016f \"p\u0159esunulo\" do centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Co znamen\u00e1 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro pro komer\u010dn\u00ed banky?<\/strong><br \/>\nKomer\u010dn\u00ed banky se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159esunu vklad\u016f do centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky. V dob\u011b krize by klienti mohli ut\u00e9ct k bezpe\u010dn\u00e9mu digit\u00e1ln\u00edmu euru - a p\u0159ipravit banku o likviditu. Vyvst\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 ot\u00e1zka, jakou roli banky je\u0161t\u011b hraj\u00ed, pokud budou platebn\u00ed transakce prob\u00edhat p\u0159\u00edmo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm st\u00e1tn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f. ECB chce zapojit banky jako zprost\u0159edkovatele - mnoho instituc\u00ed v\u0161ak vid\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00ed sv\u00e9ho obchodn\u00edho modelu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Co spole\u010dnosti a prodejci z\u00edskaj\u00ed z digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura?<\/strong><br \/>\nObchodn\u00edk\u016fm by digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro mohlo umo\u017enit n\u00e1kladov\u011b efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed plateb, zejm\u00e9na ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s dne\u0161n\u00edmi karetn\u00edmi syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 jsou n\u011bkdy zpoplatn\u011bny vysok\u00fdmi poplatky. V\u00fdhodou jsou tak\u00e9 rychl\u00e9 a bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 platby - online i offline. Maloobchodn\u00edci v\u0161ak budou muset zav\u00e9st nov\u00e9 technologie, upravit pokladn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se nov\u00fdm proces\u016fm. Integrace by mohla znamenat spoustu pr\u00e1ce - a vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch z\u00e1vislost\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi digit\u00e1ln\u00edm eurem a bitcoinem nebo stablecoiny?<\/strong><br \/>\nBitcoin je decentralizovan\u00fd, volatiln\u00ed a zalo\u017een\u00fd na otev\u0159en\u00e9 s\u00edti bez centr\u00e1ln\u00ed autority. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro by naproti tomu bylo centr\u00e1ln\u011b \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9, cenov\u011b stabiln\u00ed (nav\u00e1zan\u00e9 na euro v pom\u011bru 1:1) a podporovan\u00e9 vl\u00e1dou. Stablecoiny jako USDC nebo Tether jsou \u010dasto v\u00e1z\u00e1ny na dolar, ale podl\u00e9haj\u00ed riziku platebn\u00ed neschopnosti poskytovatel\u016f. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro m\u00e1 nab\u00eddnout bezpe\u010dnou st\u00e1tn\u00ed alternativu - nikoliv pro spekulace, ale pro ka\u017edodenn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Existuj\u00ed paralely s \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm e-CNY a tamn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem soci\u00e1ln\u00edho kreditu?<\/strong><br \/>\nAno i ne. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00fd digit\u00e1ln\u00ed j\u00fcan (e-CNY) je v mnoha ohledech programovateln\u00fd a technicky propojen\u00fd se st\u00e1tn\u00edmi platformami. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m soci\u00e1ln\u00edho kreditu je tak\u00e9 digit\u00e1ln\u011b prov\u00e1z\u00e1n s platebn\u00edmi metodami, cestovn\u00edmi profily, bonitou atd. V Evrop\u011b se zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt programovateln\u00e9, propojiteln\u00e9 ani monitorovateln\u00e9 - kritici v\u0161ak vid\u00ed technick\u00e9 podobnosti a varuj\u00ed p\u0159ed n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm politick\u00fdm \"p\u0159enastaven\u00edm\".<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bude pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edho eura povinn\u00e9?<\/strong><br \/>\nV sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se nep\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 povinnost. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed by m\u011blo b\u00fdt dobrovoln\u00e9 a digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro by m\u011blo b\u00fdt dopl\u0148kem hotovosti, nikoli jej\u00ed n\u00e1hradou. Pokud v\u0161ak budou maloobchodn\u00edci, online platformy nebo \u00fa\u0159ady v ur\u010dit\u00e9m okam\u017eiku p\u0159ij\u00edmat pouze digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platby, mohlo by to ve skute\u010dnosti v\u00e9st k povinnosti - nikoliv ze z\u00e1kona, ale v praxi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Co \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed kritici na digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro?<\/strong><br \/>\nKritici vid\u00ed riziko pro svobodu jednotlivce: v technick\u00fdch mo\u017enostech kontroly, potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch omezen\u00edch, nedostatku anonymity a pl\u00ed\u017eiv\u00e9m vytla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed hotovosti. Za riziko je pova\u017eov\u00e1no i zaveden\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed identity (eID), kter\u00e1 by mohla b\u00fdt v budoucnu propojena s platebn\u00edmi \u00fadaji. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed tich\u00e9ho p\u0159echodu k centralizovan\u00e9mu monitorovac\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu - i kdy\u017e je to v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b pop\u00edr\u00e1no.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Co mohou ob\u010dan\u00e9 a podnikatel\u00e9 d\u011blat, aby byli informov\u00e1ni?<\/strong><br \/>\nJe d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 neztratit tento probl\u00e9m ze z\u0159etele. V\u00fdvoj je postupn\u00fd - jakmile se v\u0161ak syst\u00e9my zavedou, man\u00e9vrovac\u00ed prostor se v\u00fdrazn\u011b zmen\u0161\u00ed.<br \/>\n<em>ob\u010dan\u00e9 mohou:<\/em><br \/>\n- aktivn\u011b se informujte,<br \/>\n- n\u00e1zory v legislativn\u00edm procesu,<br \/>\n- v\u011bdom\u011b vyb\u00edrat nebo odm\u00edtat digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platebn\u00ed prost\u0159edky,<br \/>\n- a nad\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edvat hotovost, aby zajistila svou relevanci.<br \/>\n<em>spole\u010dnosti by m\u011bly:<\/em><br \/>\n- sledovat technick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj,<br \/>\n- v\u011bnovat pozornost otev\u0159en\u00fdm standard\u016fm,<br \/>\n- Nevytv\u00e1\u0159ejte vlastn\u00ed infrastrukturu p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 brzy z\u00e1vislou na t\u0159et\u00edch stran\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n<li><strong>P\u0159ijde digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro - a pokud ano, kdy?<\/strong><br \/>\nZa sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho stavu je velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed euro p\u0159ijde - v t\u00e9 \u010di on\u00e9 podob\u011b. Politick\u00e9 a institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravy jsou v pokro\u010dil\u00e9m st\u00e1diu. Pokud bude pl\u00e1novan\u00fd z\u00e1kon EU p\u0159ijat v roce 2026, mohla by jej ECB za\u010d\u00edt vyd\u00e1vat od roku 2028\/2029. Jak bude konkr\u00e9tn\u011b organizov\u00e1no - a zda bude dobrovoln\u00e9, otev\u0159en\u00e9 a spravedliv\u00e9 - z\u00e1vis\u00ed tak\u00e9 na tom, jak ostra\u017eit\u00e1 bude dne\u0161n\u00ed ve\u0159ejnost.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr \/>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"display-post-types\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#dpt-wrapper-571 { --dpt-text-align: left;--dpt-image-crop: center;--dpt-border-radius: 5px;--dpt-h-gutter: 10px;--dpt-v-gutter: 9px; }\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">#dpt-wrapper-571 { --dpt-title-font-style:normal;--dpt-title-font-weight:600;--dpt-title-line-height:1.5;--dpt-title-text-decoration:none;--dpt-title-text-transform:none;--dpt-excerpt-font-style:normal;--dpt-excerpt-font-weight:400;--dpt-excerpt-line-height:1.5;--dpt-excerpt-text-decoration:none;--dpt-excerpt-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta1-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta1-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta1-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta1-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta1-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta2-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta2-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta2-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta2-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta2-text-transform:none; }<\/style><div class=\"dpt-main-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-main-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dpt-main-title-text\">Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky o um\u011bn\u00ed a kultu\u0159e<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"dpt-wrapper-571\" class=\"dpt-wrapper dpt-mag1 land1 dpt-cropped dpt-flex-wrap\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"zukunft mit ladeger\u00e4t \u2013 herr von l&#8217;oreot kauft einen e-scooter\" data-id=\"3229\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft kunst &amp; kultur stories &amp; humor\" data-post_tag=\"erfahrungen\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/10\/budoucnost-s-nabijeckou-pan-von-loreot-si-koupi-elektronicky-skutr\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Budoucnost s nab\u00edje\u010dkou - pan von L'oreot kupuje e-kolob\u011b\u017eku<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"747\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/loereot-e-scooter-1.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/loereot-e-scooter-1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/loereot-e-scooter-1-300x219.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/loereot-e-scooter-1-768x560.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/loereot-e-scooter-1-16x12.jpg 16w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/10\/budoucnost-s-nabijeckou-pan-von-loreot-si-koupi-elektronicky-skutr\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Budoucnost s nab\u00edje\u010dkou - pan von L'oreot kupuje e-kolob\u011b\u017eku<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"die affinity grafik-suite wird kostenlos: was profi-anwender jetzt wissen m\u00fcssen\" data-id=\"3675\"  data-category=\"apple macos b\u00fccher kunst &amp; 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Hotovost byla po stalet\u00ed v\u00fdrazem t\u00e9to svobody: anonymn\u00ed, bezpodm\u00edne\u010dn\u011b pou\u017eiteln\u00e1, v\u0161ude platn\u00e1. S postupn\u00fdm nahrazov\u00e1n\u00edm hotovosti digit\u00e1ln\u00edmi platebn\u00edmi metodami se nyn\u00ed nab\u00edz\u00ed ot\u00e1zka, ... <a title=\"Dosah neznamen\u00e1 vlastnictv\u00ed - Pro\u010d dnes u\u017e nesta\u010d\u00ed jen viditelnost\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/12\/dosah-neni-vlastnictvim-proc-dnes-jiz-nestaci-viditelnost\/\" aria-label=\"\u010c\u00edst v\u00edce o Reach is not ownership - Pro\u010d dnes u\u017e nesta\u010d\u00ed jen viditelnost\">\u010c\u00edst d\u00e1l<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3349,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"iawp_total_views":323,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,40,466],"tags":[469,470,475,448],"class_list":["post-3345","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-allgemein","category-apple-iphone-ipad","category-gesellschaft","tag-datenschutz","tag-eu-gesetze","tag-europa","tag-ratgeber"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3345","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3345"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3345\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5453,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3345\/revisions\/5453"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3349"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3345"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3345"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3345"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}