{"id":4729,"date":"2026-02-04T07:08:09","date_gmt":"2026-02-04T07:08:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/?p=4729"},"modified":"2026-04-22T15:36:16","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T15:36:16","slug":"ochrana-klimatu-s-tunelovym-videnim-lobbovani-za-elektromobilitu-a-skryte-naklady","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/02\/ochrana-klimatu-s-tunelovym-videnim-lobbovani-za-elektromobilitu-a-skryte-naklady\/","title":{"rendered":"Ochrana klimatu s tunelov\u00fdm vid\u011bn\u00edm - elektromobilita, lobbing a potla\u010den\u00e9 n\u00e1klady"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek nen\u00ed ob\u017ealobou elektromobility. Nen\u00ed ani pokusem o znev\u00e1\u017een\u00ed technologick\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje, kter\u00fd mnoha lidem v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b naprosto vyhovuje. Tento text p\u00ed\u0161i proto, \u017ee mi v posledn\u00edch letech bylo st\u00e1le jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee mezi politick\u00fdm narativem, vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00edm ve\u0159ejnosti a fyzickou realitou existuje propast, o kter\u00e9 se t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemluv\u00ed. A nep\u00ed\u0161u ho z pohledu \u010dlov\u011bka zven\u010d\u00ed. S\u00e1m u\u017e l\u00e9ta jezd\u00edm plug-in hybridem. Elektrick\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zn\u00e1m z vlastn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti, ne z bro\u017eur nebo diskusn\u00edch po\u0159ad\u016f. V\u00edm, jak p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 je tich\u00e9 klouz\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bstem, jak p\u0159\u00edmo\u010dar\u00fd je p\u0159enos v\u00fdkonu a jak uvoln\u011bn\u00fd je pocit. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo n\u011bkdy pravideln\u011b jezdil elektromobilem, rychle pochop\u00ed, pro\u010d je tato forma pohonu emocion\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e1. Nen\u00ed na n\u011bm nic, co by se dalo bagatelizovat.<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto se domn\u00edv\u00e1m, \u017ee je t\u0159eba ud\u011blat krok zp\u011bt a st\u0159\u00edzliv\u011b se pt\u00e1t: \u010deho tato vozidla vlastn\u011b dosahuj\u00ed - a za jakou cenu, syst\u00e9mov\u011b \u0159e\u010deno?<!--more--><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"display-post-types\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#dpt-wrapper-179 { --dpt-text-align: left;--dpt-image-crop: center;--dpt-border-radius: 5px;--dpt-h-gutter: 10px;--dpt-v-gutter: 9px; }\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">#dpt-wrapper-179 { --dpt-title-font-style:normal;--dpt-title-font-weight:600;--dpt-title-line-height:1.5;--dpt-title-text-decoration:none;--dpt-title-text-transform:none;--dpt-excerpt-font-style:normal;--dpt-excerpt-font-weight:400;--dpt-excerpt-line-height:1.5;--dpt-excerpt-text-decoration:none;--dpt-excerpt-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta1-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta1-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta1-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta1-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta1-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta2-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta2-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta2-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta2-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta2-text-transform:none; }<\/style><div class=\"dpt-main-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-main-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dpt-main-title-text\">Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed ot\u00e1zky sou\u010dasnosti<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"dpt-wrapper-179\" class=\"dpt-wrapper dpt-mag1 land1 dpt-cropped dpt-flex-wrap\" 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vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"cloud-act, datenhoheit und die schweiz: ein wendepunkt f\u00fcr europ\u00e4ische it-strategien?\" data-id=\"3727\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft\" data-post_tag=\"datenbanken datenschutz digitales eigentum eu-gesetze europa\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/11\/suverenita-dat-v-ramci-cloudoveho-zakona-a-svycarsko-jako-bod-obratu-pro-evropske-strategie-v-oblasti-it\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">CLOUD Act, datov\u00e1 suverenita a \u0160v\u00fdcarsko: bod obratu pro evropsk\u00e9 IT strategie?<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" 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Tchaj-wanu: Historie, statusov\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky a rizika propojen\u00e9ho sv\u011bta<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"vom content zur substanz: wie digitale systeme entstehen, die nicht kopierbar sind\" data-id=\"5899\"  data-category=\"allgemein b\u00fccher gesellschaft tipps &amp; anleitungen\" data-post_tag=\"buch datenlogik denkmodelle digitales eigentum erfahrungen k\u00fcnstliche intelligenz prozesse publishing ratgeber\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/04\/od-obsahu-k-podstate-jak-se-vytvareji-digitalni-systemy-ktere-nelze-kopirovat\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Od obsahu k podstat\u011b: jak vznikaj\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 nelze kop\u00edrovat<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Syst\u00e9m m\u00edsto individu\u00e1ln\u00edho obsahu\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Organische-Reichweite.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Organische-Reichweite.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Organische-Reichweite-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Organische-Reichweite-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Organische-Reichweite-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/04\/od-obsahu-k-podstate-jak-se-vytvareji-digitalni-systemy-ktere-nelze-kopirovat\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Od obsahu k podstat\u011b: jak vznikaj\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 nelze kop\u00edrovat<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy k t\u00e9matu<\/h2>\n<p><strong>26.03.2026<\/strong>Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd dokument televize SPIEGEL vykresluje chmurn\u00fd obraz n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho automobilov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu - zejm\u00e9na koncernu Volkswagen. Podle anal\u00fdzy se spole\u010dnost, kdysi symbol hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho \u00fasp\u011bchu a in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00fdch dovednost\u00ed, pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s hlubok\u00fdmi struktur\u00e1ln\u00edmi probl\u00e9my. Krom\u011b slab\u00e9ho prodeje se na v\u00fdvoji podepisuj\u00ed vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlu, rostouc\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed konkurence a \u0161patn\u00e1 strategick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed v oblasti elektromobility. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 jsou d\u016fsledky pro trh pr\u00e1ce: hroz\u00ed ztr\u00e1ta des\u00edtek tis\u00edc pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst a pod tlak se dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed i \u010detn\u00ed dodavatel\u00e9. Rozd\u00edly jsou dokonce i uvnit\u0159 skupiny - zat\u00edmco jednotliv\u00e9 zna\u010dky z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed stabiln\u00ed, celkov\u00fd syst\u00e9m za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 ochabovat.<\/p>\n<div class=\"lyte-wrapper\" style=\"width:640px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_7XpiQMNZTg0\"><div id=\"lyte_7XpiQMNZTg0\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2F7XpiQMNZTg0%2Fhqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/7XpiQMNZTg0\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2F7XpiQMNZTg0%2F0.jpg\" alt=\"Miniatura videa na YouTube\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\" \/><br \/>Pod\u00edvejte se na toto video na YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:640px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><br \/>\nP\u00e1d VW: tot\u00e1ln\u00ed ztr\u00e1ta pro automobilov\u00e9ho giganta | <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@derspiegel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">SPIEGEL TV<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Dokument tak nep\u0159edstavuje pouze situaci jedn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, ale klade tak\u00e9 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky o budoucnosti n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu. P\u0159\u00edpad Volkswagenu se tak st\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edkladem pro pr\u016fmysl, kter\u00fd se mus\u00ed p\u0159eorientovat v oblasti konfliktu mezi klimatickou politikou, glob\u00e1ln\u00ed konkurenc\u00ed a struktur\u00e1ln\u00edmi zm\u011bnami.<\/p>\n<p><strong>11.03.2026<\/strong>: V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 situaci je n\u011bmeck\u00fd automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl <a href=\"https:\/\/www.focus.de\/auto\/autostandort-deutschland\/autoindustrie-schreibt-deutlich-weniger-jobs-aus_f6edfae1-d663-485b-825e-b77960ca295d.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>st\u00e1le v\u00edce pod tlakem<\/strong><\/a> - a to se nyn\u00ed jasn\u011b odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na trhu pr\u00e1ce v tomto odv\u011btv\u00ed. Podle anal\u00fdzy spole\u010dnosti Index, kter\u00e1 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u00fdzkumem m\u00e9di\u00ed, bylo v lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce zve\u0159ejn\u011bno pouze 86 105 pracovn\u00edch inzer\u00e1t\u016f, co\u017e je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 20 % m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm roce, kdy bylo zve\u0159ejn\u011bno p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 99 000 inzer\u00e1t\u016f, a v\u00fdrazn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e v roce 2023, kdy bylo zve\u0159ejn\u011bno v\u00edce ne\u017e 136 000 pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst.<\/p>\n<p>Tento v\u00fdvoj se t\u00fdk\u00e1 nejen jednoduch\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm m\u00edst pro akademick\u00e9 pracovn\u00edky, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 n\u011bkolik koncern\u016f, jako je Volkswagen, Mercedes a velc\u00ed dodavatel\u00e9, zav\u00e1d\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f a pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst. Celkov\u011b tedy cel\u00fd automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl \u010del\u00ed dalekos\u00e1hl\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.deutschlandfunk.de\/stellenabbau-automobilbranche-autoindustrie-zulieferer-100.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong>struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bny<\/strong><\/a> - co\u017e odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed i d\u016fsledky energetick\u00e9 transformace, technologick\u00e9 transformace a glob\u00e1ln\u00ed konkuren\u010dn\u00ed situace, kter\u00e9 \u010dasto nejsou v politick\u00fdch debat\u00e1ch dostate\u010dn\u011b zohledn\u011bny.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Osobn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed a nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 propagace<\/h2>\n<p>S\u00e1m jsem m\u011bl z politick\u00e9 podpory elektromobility prosp\u011bch, i kdy\u017e nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fd. M\u016fj sou\u010dasn\u00fd plug-in hybrid je ojet\u00fd v\u016fz. Nez\u00edskal jsem ji\u017e \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed dotace, nepo\u017e\u00e1dal jsem o ekologick\u00fd bonus ani jsem nepob\u00edral pojistn\u00e9. A p\u0159esto je naprosto jasn\u00e9: bez d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dota\u010dn\u00edch program\u016f by tento trh s ojet\u00fdmi vozy v t\u00e9to podob\u011b neexistoval.<\/p>\n<p>Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed dotace sn\u00ed\u017eily ceny nov\u00fdch automobil\u016f, vyvolaly popt\u00e1vku a vytvo\u0159ily objem. To zase znamenalo, \u017ee plug-in hybridy je nyn\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b snadn\u00e9 a cenov\u011b dostupn\u00e9 koupit z druh\u00e9 ruky. Kdo si tedy mysl\u00ed, \u017ee dotace jsou probl\u00e9mem pouze pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed si kupuj\u00ed hybridn\u00ed vozidla poprv\u00e9, p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed jejich n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky. Sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed trh je tak\u00e9 politicky utv\u00e1\u0159en.<\/p>\n<p>U\u017e jen tento post\u0159eh ukazuje, jak hluboce mohou politick\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy ovlivnit zd\u00e1nliv\u011b \u201evoln\u00e9\u201c trhy - \u010dasto na dlouh\u00e1 l\u00e9ta a daleko za skute\u010dn\u00e9 dota\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Nad\u0161en\u00ed a pochybnosti se vz\u00e1jemn\u011b nevylu\u010duj\u00ed.<\/h3>\n<p>Bylo by nepoctiv\u00e9 sni\u017eovat v\u00fdhody elektrick\u00e9ho pohonu. Technologie funguje. Ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot je nekomplikovan\u00fd. Pro mnoho \u0159idi\u010dsk\u00fdch profil\u016f je plug-in hybrid nebo \u010dist\u011b elektrick\u00fd v\u016fz praktick\u00fd, pohodln\u00fd a p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd. Syst\u00e9my elektrick\u00e9ho pohonu se skute\u010dn\u011b uplatn\u00ed na kr\u00e1tk\u00fdch cest\u00e1ch nebo v m\u011bstsk\u00e9m provozu.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148, jak jsem se t\u00e9matem zab\u00fdval st\u00e1le v\u00edce, jsem za\u010dal poci\u0165ovat m\u00edrn\u00fd neklid. Ne kv\u016fli samotn\u00e9 technologii, ale kv\u016fli p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu, kter\u00fd ji obklopuje.<\/p>\n<p>\u010c\u00edm hloub\u011bji jsem se no\u0159il do \u010d\u00edsel, vah, v\u00fdrobn\u00edch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f a energetick\u00fdch tok\u016f, t\u00edm \u010dast\u011bji jsem si kladl ot\u00e1zku, zda je neust\u00e1le opakovan\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed o jasn\u011b pozitivn\u00ed celkov\u00e9 bilanci skute\u010dn\u011b tak spolehliv\u00e9, jak se politicky prod\u00e1v\u00e1. A \u010d\u00edm \u010dast\u011bji jsem tyto pochybnosti vyjad\u0159oval, t\u00edm rychleji jsem se dozv\u00eddal, \u017ee skepse je z\u0159ejm\u011b ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed - p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm ve\u0159ejn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>U\u017e jen to by v\u00e1m m\u011blo b\u00fdt podez\u0159el\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h3>Kdy\u017e hmotnost najednou p\u0159estane hr\u00e1t roli<\/h3>\n<p>Jeden z moment\u016f, kter\u00fd mi obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 utkv\u011bl v pam\u011bti, byl pohled na technick\u00e9 \u00fadaje modern\u00edch elektromobil\u016f. Vozidla, kter\u00e1 navenek nevypadaj\u00ed o moc v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e klasick\u00e9 vozy st\u0159edn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy, najednou v\u00e1\u017e\u00ed dv\u011b, n\u011bkdy i dv\u011b a p\u016fl tuny.<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00edm d\u016fvodem jsou baterie v\u00e1\u017e\u00edc\u00ed n\u011bkolik set kilogram\u016f. To lze vysv\u011btlit technicky. I fyzicky. Ale syst\u00e9mov\u011b to vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zky. Hmotnost nen\u00ed abstraktn\u00ed hodnota. M\u00e1 na ni vliv:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>spot\u0159eba energie,<\/li>\n<li>opot\u0159eben\u00ed pneumatik,<\/li>\n<li>emise pevn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic,<\/li>\n<li>po\u017eadavky na zdroje,<\/li>\n<li>zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed infrastruktury.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>P\u0159esto toto t\u00e9ma ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 debat\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nehraje roli. Jako by se lid\u00e9 ml\u010dky rozhodli, \u017ee hmotnost najednou p\u0159estala b\u00fdt probl\u00e9mem - pokud je vozidlo elektrick\u00e9. Takov\u00e9 my\u0161lenkov\u00e9 zkratky jsou m\u00e1lokdy ne\u0161kodn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h3>Energetick\u00e1 bilance jako ot\u00e1zka v\u00edry<\/h3>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm bodem, kter\u00fd zv\u00fd\u0161il mou skepsi, je zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm se diskutuje o energetick\u00e9 bilanci. \u010casto jsou velmi zkratkovit\u00e9. \u010casto velmi selektivn\u011b. A p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b z\u0159\u00eddkakdy v pr\u016fb\u011bhu cel\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu vozidla.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdroba, t\u011b\u017eba surovin, doprava, pou\u017eit\u00ed, recyklace - to v\u0161e je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed bilance. V politick\u00fdch debat\u00e1ch se v\u0161ak \u010dasto p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 a\u017e po zapojen\u00ed nab\u00edjec\u00edho kabelu. V\u0161echno p\u0159edt\u00edm miz\u00ed v pozad\u00ed eufonick\u00fdch v\u00fdraz\u016f jako \u201ebezemisn\u00ed\u201c nebo \u201eudr\u017eiteln\u00fd\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>To m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt z hlediska komunikace \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9. Ale nen\u00ed to seri\u00f3zn\u00ed. A pr\u00e1v\u011b v tomto bod\u011b se m\u016fj p\u016fvodn\u00ed souhlas postupn\u011b zm\u011bnil v pochybnosti.<\/p>\n<h3>Pro\u010d je tento text nezbytn\u00fd<\/h3>\n<p>Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek nep\u00ed\u0161u proto, \u017ee bych byl proti elektromobilit\u011b. P\u00ed\u0161u ho proto, \u017ee m\u00e1m dojem, \u017ee se kritika st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji zam\u011b\u0148uje s p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00edm. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo klade ot\u00e1zky, je rychle pova\u017eov\u00e1n za pop\u00edra\u010de pokroku. Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed to spo\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed, jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za obstrukcionisty. Ti, kdo po\u017eaduj\u00ed diferenciaci, jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za pot\u00ed\u017eisty.<\/p>\n<p>Technologick\u00fd pokrok je zalo\u017een na st\u0159\u00edzliv\u00e9 anal\u00fdze, nikoli na moralizov\u00e1n\u00ed. A ochrana klimatu, pokud ji mysl\u00edme v\u00e1\u017en\u011b, nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt ot\u00e1zkou v\u00edry. Mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vypo\u010ditateln\u00e1 - materi\u00e1ln\u011b, energeticky i soci\u00e1ln\u011b.<br \/>\nTento \u010dl\u00e1nek je proto pokusem osvobodit elektromobilitu z \u00fazk\u00e9ho korzetu politick\u00e9ho vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed a pod\u00edvat se na ni znovu tam, kam pat\u0159\u00ed: do celkov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>Bez ideologie. Bez d\u00e9monizace. Ale tak\u00e9 bez \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4745 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Schrottplatz.jpg\" alt=\"\u017divotn\u00ed cyklus vozidla\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Schrottplatz.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Schrottplatz-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Schrottplatz-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Schrottplatz-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Pro\u010d se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 \u017eivotn\u00ed cyklus - a ne dobr\u00fd pocit<\/h2>\n<p>Kdy\u017e se dnes mluv\u00ed o elektromobilit\u011b, diskuse se obvykle soust\u0159ed\u00ed na jedin\u00fd moment: provoz vozidla. Na to, co u\u017e nevych\u00e1z\u00ed ze zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd v\u00fdfuk, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zplodiny, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd viditeln\u00fd kou\u0159. To se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt \u010dist\u00e9, logick\u00e9 a uklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Ale pr\u00e1v\u011b zde za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 ekologick\u00e1 chyba v my\u0161len\u00ed. Vozidlo nen\u00ed ud\u00e1lost, ale proces. A pokud se pod\u00edv\u00e1te pouze na jednu f\u00e1zi tohoto procesu, nevyhnuteln\u011b vyvod\u00edte nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry. Z ekologick\u00e9ho hlediska nen\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd samotn\u00fd okam\u017eik j\u00edzdy, ale cel\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed cyklus automobilu - od t\u011b\u017eby surovin a v\u00fdroby a\u017e po pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, \u00fadr\u017ebu a likvidaci.<\/p>\n<p>Nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodou, \u017ee se tento n\u00e1zor objevuje tak z\u0159\u00eddka. Je nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd. A neslu\u010duje se s jednoduch\u00fdmi politick\u00fdmi sd\u011blen\u00edmi.<\/p>\n<h3>K nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu po\u0161kozen\u00ed doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159ed prvn\u00edm kilometrem<\/h3>\n<p>Jeden bod je ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 diskusi pravideln\u011b podce\u0148ov\u00e1n nebo z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b bagatelizov\u00e1n: Zdaleka nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ekologick\u00e9 \u0161kody nevznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed automobilu, ale p\u0159i jeho v\u00fdrob\u011b. To plat\u00ed jak pro spalovac\u00ed motory, tak pro elektromobily - s jedn\u00edm z\u00e1sadn\u00edm rozd\u00edlem:<\/p>\n<p>U elektromobil\u016f jsou tyto v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed. Hlavn\u00edm d\u016fvodem je baterie:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 v\u00fdroba<\/li>\n<li>Slo\u017eit\u00e9 surovinov\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce<\/li>\n<li>Vysok\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed materi\u00e1l\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Zna\u010dn\u00e9 logistick\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Je\u0161t\u011b ne\u017e elektromobil ujede prvn\u00ed metr, m\u00e1 na sv\u00e9m kont\u011b zna\u010dn\u00fd ekologick\u00fd \u201ebatoh\u201c. Tento batoh nezmiz\u00ed, ani kdy\u017e vozidlo pozd\u011bji jezd\u00ed bez emis\u00ed. Z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed celkov\u00e9 bilance - bez ohledu na to, jak p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1 je j\u00edzda.<\/p>\n<h3>Pro\u010d jsou st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed vozidla ekologicky \u201ecenn\u00e1\u201c?<\/h3>\n<p>Tady p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed na \u0159adu my\u0161lenka, kter\u00e1 se p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b m\u00e1lokdy vyjad\u0159uje otev\u0159en\u011b:<\/p>\n<p>Vozidlo, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e bylo vyrobeno, ji\u017e zp\u016fsobilo nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ekologick\u00e9 \u0161kody. Zdroje ji\u017e odtekly. Energie byla spot\u0159ebov\u00e1na. Emise ji\u017e vznikly. Z ekologick\u00e9ho hlediska je tedy st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed automobil zpo\u010d\u00e1tku znehodnocen\u00fdm p\u0159edm\u011btem. Ka\u017ed\u00fd dal\u0161\u00ed kilometr spot\u0159ebuje n\u011bco, co ji\u017e existuje. Pokud takov\u00e9 vozidlo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>je technicky v po\u0159\u00e1dku<\/li>\n<li>je pravideln\u011b udr\u017eov\u00e1na<\/li>\n<li>by byla pou\u017eiteln\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkolik let<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>pak je \u010dasto ekologi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pokra\u010dovat v jeho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u017e ho p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b vym\u011bnit - i kdy\u017e se nov\u00e9 vozidlo zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt pap\u00edrov\u011b efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Tato my\u0161lenka je v rozporu s mnoha b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi klimatick\u00fdmi narativy, ale lze ji jen st\u011b\u017e\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u011b vyvr\u00e1tit.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0160rotovn\u00e9 funk\u010dn\u00edch automobil\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>Pr\u00e1v\u011b v tomto bod\u011b se ukazuje probl\u00e9m kr\u00e1tkozrak\u00fdch politick\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00ed. St\u00e1tem dotovan\u00e9 vy\u0159azov\u00e1n\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00edch vozidel - a\u0165 u\u017e v r\u00e1mci d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch program\u016f \u0161rotovn\u00e9ho, nebo nep\u0159\u00edmo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm masivn\u00edch dotac\u00ed na nov\u00e1 vozidla - bylo z ekologick\u00e9ho hlediska velmi problematick\u00e9. Automobil, kter\u00fd:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>mohl \u0159\u00eddit dal\u0161\u00edch osm a\u017e deset let<\/li>\n<li>byl pravideln\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n<\/li>\n<li>nem\u011bl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 neobvykl\u00e9 vady<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>byl vy\u0159azen z provozu, aby se uvolnilo m\u00edsto pro nov\u00fd v\u016fz, jeho\u017e v\u00fdroba zase spot\u0159ebovala zna\u010dn\u00e9 prost\u0159edky. \u010cist\u011b matematicky to znamen\u00e1.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dal\u0161\u00ed spot\u0159eba materi\u00e1lu<\/li>\n<li>Dal\u0161\u00ed energie<\/li>\n<li>dodate\u010dn\u00e9 emise<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To v\u0161e ve jm\u00e9nu ochrany klimatu. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee se o tomto v\u00fdpo\u010dtu politicky t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nediskutovalo, ukazuje, jak daleko se debata vzd\u00e1lila od fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch princip\u016f. Viditeln\u00e1 symbolika - \u201estar\u00e9 ven, nov\u00e9 dovnit\u0159\u201c - byla z\u0159ejm\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e st\u0159\u00edzliv\u00e1 bilance.<\/p>\n<h3>Pro\u010d \u201enov\u00fd\u201c neznamen\u00e1 automaticky \u201elep\u0161\u00ed\u201c?<\/h3>\n<p>Ekologick\u00e1 v\u00fdhoda nov\u00e9ho vozidla nen\u00ed automatick\u00e1. Vznik\u00e1 a\u017e postupem \u010dasu, pokud v\u016fbec. A pr\u00e1v\u011b v tom spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m. Aby nov\u00e9 vozidlo, kter\u00e9 je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 na zdroje, m\u011blo lep\u0161\u00ed ekologick\u00e9 vlastnosti ne\u017e st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed vozidlo, mus\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b<\/li>\n<li>b\u00fdt provozov\u00e1ny v p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9m energetick\u00e9m mixu<\/li>\n<li>dos\u00e1hnout dostate\u010dn\u011b vysok\u00e9ho po\u010dtu ujet\u00fdch kilometr\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Teprve pak se ekologick\u00fd pokrok v\u00fdroby za\u010dne pomalu amortizovat. Zda se tohoto bodu v\u016fbec dos\u00e1hne, z\u00e1vis\u00ed na mnoha faktorech - j\u00edzdn\u00edm profilu, skladb\u011b elektrick\u00e9 energie, \u017eivotnosti, \u00fadr\u017eb\u011b, st\u00e1rnut\u00ed bateri\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Politick\u00e1 komunikace m\u00e1 tendenci tyto nejistoty ignorovat. Nam\u00edsto toho se nazna\u010duje, \u017ee samotn\u00e1 zm\u011bna je ji\u017e ekologick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00ednosem. To je p\u0159inejlep\u0161\u00edm kr\u00e1tkozrak\u00e9, ale \u010dasto prost\u011b chybn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h3>My\u0161len\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu nam\u00edsto mor\u00e1ln\u00edch zkratek<\/h3>\n<p>Seri\u00f3zn\u00ed diskuse o klimatu se neobejde bez anal\u00fdz \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu. V\u0161e ostatn\u00ed je symbolick\u00e1 politika. A p\u0159esto jsou pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto anal\u00fdzy \u010dasto citov\u00e1ny pouze tehdy, kdy\u017e se hod\u00ed do po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho obrazu. Probl\u00e9m zde nen\u00ed ani tak ideologick\u00fd, jako sp\u00ed\u0161e struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p>My\u0161len\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu je komplexn\u00ed. Je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 ho posterizovat. Ned\u00e1 se mor\u00e1ln\u011b zjednodu\u0161it na \u201edobr\u00e9\u201c a \u201e\u0161patn\u00e9\u201c. Ale pr\u00e1v\u011b tato slo\u017eitost ur\u010duje, zda je opat\u0159en\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 - nebo jen dob\u0159e m\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed lze st\u0159\u00edzliv\u011b shrnout:<\/p>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo ni\u010d\u00ed funguj\u00edc\u00ed syst\u00e9my, aby vytvo\u0159il nov\u00e9, v\u017edy zpo\u010d\u00e1tku zvy\u0161uje ekologick\u00e9 \u0161kody. Zda a kdy se tato \u0161koda pozd\u011bji zrelativizuje, nen\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou v\u00edry, ale kalkulace. A tato kalkulace je mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b jednozna\u010dn\u00e1, ne\u017e by se mohlo zd\u00e1t z politick\u00fdch hesel.<\/p>\n<p>Elektromobilita m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Nen\u00ed to v\u0161ak ekologick\u00e1 j\u00edzda zdarma. A rozhodn\u011b neospravedl\u0148uje systematick\u00e9 ni\u010den\u00ed funguj\u00edc\u00ed hmoty.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud tento koncept \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu berete v\u00e1\u017en\u011b, nevyhnuteln\u011b vyvstane dal\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zka:<\/p>\n<p>Odkud vlastn\u011b emise poch\u00e1zej\u00ed a kam jsou p\u0159esouv\u00e1ny? Pr\u00e1v\u011b o tom je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed kapitola. V n\u00ed se na elektromobil pod\u00edv\u00e1me nikoli jako na bezemisn\u00ed objekt, ale jako na sou\u010d\u00e1st glob\u00e1ln\u00edho energetick\u00e9ho a surovinov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu - se v\u0161emi jeho vyt\u011bs\u0148ovac\u00edmi \u00fa\u010dinky.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4750 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Batterie-Gewicht.jpg\" alt=\"Baterie pro elektromobily s vysokou hmotnost\u00ed\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Batterie-Gewicht.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Batterie-Gewicht-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Batterie-Gewicht-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Batterie-Gewicht-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Elektromobil \u2260 bez emis\u00ed - \u0159azen\u00ed m\u00edsto vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se<\/h2>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch obraz\u016f elektromobility je absence v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch plyn\u016f. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00fdfukov\u00e9 plyny, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd kou\u0159, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z\u00e1pach. Auto jede - a zd\u00e1nliv\u011b se nic ned\u011bje. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010distota sehr\u00e1la kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli p\u0159i ukotven\u00ed elektromobilu v pov\u011bdom\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti jako \u201ebezemisn\u00edho\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Z technick\u00e9ho hlediska nen\u00ed toto tvrzen\u00ed chybn\u00e9. Syst\u00e9mov\u011b je v\u0161ak ne\u00fapln\u00e9. Emise nezmiz\u00ed jen proto, \u017ee u\u017e nejsou vid\u011bt. M\u011bn\u00ed se - prostorov\u011b, \u010dasov\u011b i struktur\u00e1ln\u011b. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo chce seri\u00f3zn\u011b hodnotit elektromobilitu, se proto mus\u00ed pod\u00edvat na to, kde tyto emise skute\u010dn\u011b vznikaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Baterie jako ekologick\u00e9 centrum<\/h3>\n<p>Srdcem ka\u017ed\u00e9ho elektromobilu je baterie - a z\u00e1rove\u0148 jeho ekologicky nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st. Jej\u00ed v\u00fdroba je slo\u017eit\u00e1, energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 a z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na surovin\u00e1ch. Mezi kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 faktory pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>t\u011b\u017eba a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed lithia, niklu, kobaltu a grafitu.<\/li>\n<li>Vysok\u00e1 spot\u0159eba energie p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b bun\u011bk<\/li>\n<li>Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce s v\u00edce f\u00e1zemi p\u0159epravy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bez ohledu na politick\u00e1 hodnocen\u00ed je jedna v\u011bc jasn\u00e1: V\u00fdroba bateri\u00ed produkuje zna\u010dn\u00e9 emise dlouho p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e je vozidlo zaregistrov\u00e1no. Tyto emise nevznikaj\u00ed v silni\u010dn\u00ed doprav\u011b, ale v t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edch oblastech, pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch z\u00e1vodech a logistick\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u00edch - \u010dasto mimo oblast evropsk\u00fdch debat.<\/p>\n<p>To sice nem\u011bn\u00ed funk\u010dnost technologie, ale m\u011bn\u00ed to celkovou rovnov\u00e1hu.<\/p>\n<h3>Hmotnost, fyzika a jejich vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky<\/h3>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm aspektem, kter\u00e9mu se ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 diskusi v\u011bnuje p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b m\u00e1lo pozornosti, je hmotnost vozidla. Elektromobily jsou d\u00edky bateri\u00edm v\u00fdrazn\u011b t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e srovnateln\u00e1 vozidla se spalovac\u00edm motorem. Tato dodate\u010dn\u00e1 hmotnost m\u00e1 n\u011bkolik d\u016fsledk\u016f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed energetick\u00e1 n\u00e1ro\u010dnost p\u0159i zrychlov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 opot\u0159eben\u00ed pneumatik<\/li>\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 emise jemn\u00e9ho prachu v d\u016fsledku mechanick\u00e9ho opot\u0159eben\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed silnic a infrastruktury<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Zat\u00edmco v\u00fdfukov\u00e9 plyny jsou regulov\u00e1ny a m\u011b\u0159eny, mechanicky generovan\u00e9 pevn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice \u010dasto unikaj\u00ed pozornosti ve\u0159ejnosti. Nevznikaj\u00ed ve v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch plynech, ale v pneumatik\u00e1ch, brzd\u00e1ch a na povrchu vozovky - a fyzicky je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemo\u017en\u00e9 se jim vyhnout.<\/p>\n<p>Ani zde probl\u00e9m nezmiz\u00ed, pouze se p\u0159esune.<\/p>\n<h3>Recyklace: technicky mo\u017en\u00e1, syst\u00e9mov\u011b slo\u017eit\u00e1<\/h3>\n<p>\u010casto se tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee baterie lze po skon\u010den\u00ed jejich \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu recyklovat - a to je v podstat\u011b pravda. Mnoho v\u011bc\u00ed je technicky provediteln\u00fdch. Mezi technickou proveditelnost\u00ed a syst\u00e9movou realizac\u00ed je v\u0161ak dlouh\u00e1 cesta. Recyklace znamen\u00e1<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 procesy separace a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Slo\u017eit\u00e9 materi\u00e1lov\u00e9 kompozity<\/li>\n<li>Ekonomick\u00e9 d\u016fvody, kter\u00e9 nejsou v\u017edy ve prosp\u011bch \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Recyklace nav\u00edc nen\u00ed zp\u011btnou ochranou klimatu. Sni\u017euje pot\u0159ebu surovin v budoucnu, ale neru\u0161\u00ed ji\u017e vynalo\u017een\u00e9 ekologick\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed. Recyklovan\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 svou historii.<\/p>\n<p>Odkaz na recyklaci m\u00e1 tedy smysl, ale nenahrad\u00ed poctiv\u00e9 zv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed celkov\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1hy.<\/p>\n<h3>Ekologick\u00fd pokrok<\/h3>\n<p>V\u0161echny tyto faktory vedou k \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edmu pojmu, kter\u00fd se v politick\u00e9 komunikaci objevuje jen z\u0159\u00eddka: ekologick\u00fd pokrok.<br \/>\nElektromobily jsou spojeny s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edmi n\u00e1klady, a to jak ekologick\u00fdmi, tak energetick\u00fdmi. Tuto z\u00e1lohu lze \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b kompenzovat v pr\u016fb\u011bhu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. Zda a kdy se tak stane, z\u00e1vis\u00ed na mnoha prom\u011bnn\u00fdch:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Skladba zdroj\u016f elektrick\u00e9 energie<\/li>\n<li>Po\u010det ujet\u00fdch kilometr\u016f<\/li>\n<li>\u017divotnost<\/li>\n<li>Chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i nab\u00edjen\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>St\u00e1rnut\u00ed baterie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V praxi to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ekologick\u00e1 v\u00fdhoda nen\u00ed automatick\u00e1, ale je to s\u00e1zka na \u010das. S\u00e1zka, kter\u00e1 se vyplat\u00ed pouze p\u0159i spln\u011bn\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch r\u00e1mcov\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n<h3>Elekt\u0159ina: neviditeln\u00fd zdroj emis\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>V t\u00e9to souvislosti se \u010dasto tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee elektromobilita se automaticky stane \u010dist\u0161\u00ed, jakmile se zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie. To je v podstat\u011b pravda - ale pouze v dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu a za idealizovan\u00fdch p\u0159edpoklad\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Ve skute\u010dnosti poch\u00e1z\u00ed skladba zdroj\u016f elekt\u0159iny z kombinace r\u016fzn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. A ka\u017ed\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed kilowatthodina pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 pro mobilitu mus\u00ed b\u00fdt n\u011bkde vyrobena - spolehliv\u011b, kdykoli a v dostate\u010dn\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed. Do t\u00e9 doby:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>z\u00e1kladn\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nen\u00ed zcela pokryto obnoviteln\u00fdmi zdroji<\/li>\n<li>Technologie skladov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou k dispozici v omezen\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e<\/li>\n<li>Rezervn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny jsou nad\u00e1le nezbytn\u00e9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>dodate\u010dn\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka po elekt\u0159in\u011b nevyhnuteln\u011b vede ke vzniku emis\u00ed - i kdy\u017e nejsou generov\u00e1ny samotn\u00fdm vozidlem. Elektromobil tedy nen\u00ed izolovan\u00fd objekt, ale sou\u010d\u00e1st energetick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd je provozov\u00e1n v re\u00e1ln\u00fdch, nikoli ide\u00e1ln\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<h3>Emise bez adresy<\/h3>\n<p>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem sou\u010dasn\u00e9 debaty je, \u017ee emise jsou st\u00e1le v\u00edce \u201ebez adres\u201c. Vznikaj\u00ed tam, kde se t\u011b\u017e\u00ed suroviny, vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed baterie nebo elekt\u0159ina - \u010dasto daleko od m\u00edsta, kde se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Z politick\u00e9ho hlediska je to v\u00fdhodn\u00e9. M\u00edstn\u011b klesaj\u00ed hodnoty emis\u00ed, statisticky se zlep\u0161uje bilance. Z glob\u00e1ln\u00edho hlediska je efekt mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b z\u0159eteln\u00fd. Tento posun m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt politicky atraktivn\u00ed, ale nen\u00ed d\u016fkazem skute\u010dn\u00e9ho sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Pouze ukazuje, \u017ee jsme se nau\u010dili prostorov\u011b organizovat emise.<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed poselstv\u00ed t\u00e9to kapitoly lze jasn\u011b formulovat: Elektromobily se automaticky nevyh\u00fdbaj\u00ed emis\u00edm, ale p\u0159esouvaj\u00ed je. Zda tento p\u0159esun povede v dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu ke skute\u010dn\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, nez\u00e1vis\u00ed pouze na typu pohonu, ale na cel\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu, do kter\u00e9ho je za\u010dlen\u011bn.<\/p>\n<p>Elektromobilita m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Nejedn\u00e1 se v\u0161ak o bezemisn\u00ed prostor. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo to tvrd\u00ed, zjednodu\u0161uje slo\u017eitou realitu - \u010dasto z pohodlnosti, n\u011bkdy z politick\u00e9 vypo\u010d\u00edtavosti.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i p\u0159esunu emis\u00ed nutn\u011b vyvst\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zka: Odkud vlastn\u011b energie poch\u00e1z\u00ed - a za jak\u00fdch podm\u00ednek?<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed kapitola se tedy net\u00fdk\u00e1 vozidel, ale elekt\u0159iny. O bezpe\u010dnosti dod\u00e1vek, z\u00e1kladn\u00edm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, s\u00edt\u00edch a realit\u011b za z\u00e1suvkou. Proto\u017ee jedno je jist\u00e9: elekt\u0159ina nevych\u00e1z\u00ed jen tak ze zdi.<\/p>\n<h3>P\u0159ehled narativ\u016f a syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch logik<\/h3>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th>Aspekt<\/th>\n<th>\u010cast\u00e9 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed<\/th>\n<th>St\u0159\u00edzliv\u00e1 logika syst\u00e9mu<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u201eBez emis\u00ed\u201c<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00fdfukov\u00e9 plyny, tak\u017ee \u010dist\u00e9<\/td>\n<td>jsou emise p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bny (v\u00fdroba, elekt\u0159ina, dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>V\u00fdroba<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Hraje vedlej\u0161\u00ed roli<\/td>\n<td>Velk\u00fd emisn\u00ed blok, zejm\u00e9na kv\u016fli pou\u017eit\u00ed bateri\u00ed a materi\u00e1l\u016f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Z\u00e1soby vs. n\u00e1hradn\u00ed d\u00edly<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Nov\u00e9 je automaticky lep\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>V\u010dasn\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bna funk\u010dn\u00edch voz\u016f zpo\u010d\u00e1tku zvy\u0161uje \u0161kody (\u017eivotn\u00ed cyklus).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Elekt\u0159ina<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Ze z\u00e1suvky vych\u00e1z\u00ed \u201ezelen\u00e1\u201c<\/td>\n<td>Skute\u010dn\u00fd: Mix + z\u00e1kladn\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed\/rezerva; dodate\u010dn\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed v syst\u00e9mu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Infrastruktura<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Poplatky v\u0161ude<\/td>\n<td>Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, vyrovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed energie - n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 a n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 na zdroje.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Za\u0159azen\u00ed: Jak moc jsou elektromobily \u0161etrn\u00e9 ke klimatu?<\/h3>\n<p>Harald Lesch se ve sv\u00e9m videu zab\u00fdv\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u011bmi ot\u00e1zkami, kter\u00e9 jsou ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 debat\u011b \u010dasto zkr\u00e1ceny nebo ignorov\u00e1ny. Nejde o reklamu pro nebo proti elektromobilit\u011b, ale o st\u0159\u00edzliv\u00e9 zv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 stopy v pr\u016fb\u011bhu cel\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu. Zab\u00fdv\u00e1 se sou\u010dasn\u00fdm n\u011bmeck\u00fdm mixem elektrick\u00e9 energie, emisemi CO\u2082 p\u0159i j\u00edzd\u011b, vysok\u00fdmi energetick\u00fdmi n\u00e1roky na v\u00fdrobu bateri\u00ed a ot\u00e1zkou, co se stane s bateriemi po skon\u010den\u00ed jejich \u017eivotnosti. Mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je tak\u00e9 syst\u00e9mov\u00fd pohled: Je n\u00e1\u0161 energetick\u00fd syst\u00e9m v\u016fbec navr\u017een tak, aby mohl v budoucnu spolehliv\u011b z\u00e1sobovat miliony elektromobil\u016f? Video nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi, ale je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm podn\u011btem k zamy\u0161len\u00ed.<\/p>\n<div class=\"lyte-wrapper\" style=\"width:640px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_shc6hnCrAQ0\"><div id=\"lyte_shc6hnCrAQ0\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2Fshc6hnCrAQ0%2Fhqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/shc6hnCrAQ0\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2Fshc6hnCrAQ0%2F0.jpg\" alt=\"Miniatura videa na YouTube\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\" \/><br \/>Pod\u00edvejte se na toto video na YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:640px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><br \/>\nJak moc jsou elektromobily \u0161etrn\u00e9 ke klimatu? | <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@TerraXLeschundCo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Terra X Lesch &amp; Co<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Elekt\u0159ina nevych\u00e1z\u00ed jen ze z\u00e1suvky<\/h2>\n<p>V mnoha diskus\u00edch o elektromobilit\u011b se s elekt\u0159inou zach\u00e1z\u00ed, jako by byla samoz\u0159ejm\u00fdm a snadno dostupn\u00fdm zdrojem. Zapoj\u00edte kabel, auto se nabije a t\u00edm to zd\u00e1nliv\u011b kon\u010d\u00ed. Tento pohled je pochopiteln\u00fd, ale zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Elekt\u0159ina nen\u00ed abstraktn\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed. Ka\u017edou vte\u0159inu se mus\u00ed vyr\u00e1b\u011bt, p\u0159epravovat, distribuovat a zaji\u0161\u0165ovat. Na rozd\u00edl od ropy nebo plynu ji lze skladovat jen v omezen\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e. Energetick\u00fd syst\u00e9m proto mus\u00ed b\u00fdt trvale v rovnov\u00e1ze - bez ohledu na to, zda sv\u00edt\u00ed slunce nebo fouk\u00e1 v\u00edtr.<\/p>\n<p>Elektromobilita tuto popt\u00e1vku v\u00fdrazn\u011b zvy\u0161uje. Ne teoreticky, ale v praxi.<\/p>\n<h3>Skute\u010dn\u00fd mix elektrick\u00e9 energie nam\u00edsto politick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>\u010casto se tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee elektromobilita se s roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie automaticky st\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0161etrnou ke klimatu. Toto tvrzen\u00ed zn\u00ed logicky, ale opom\u00edj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u011bc: Nejedn\u00e1 se o budouc\u00ed mix elektrick\u00e9 energie, ale o sou\u010dasn\u00fd. Sou\u010dasn\u00fd mix elektrick\u00e9 energie je sm\u011bs\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>obnoviteln\u00e9 energie<\/li>\n<li>elektr\u00e1rny na fosiln\u00ed paliva<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u016fb\u011bh importu<\/li>\n<li>Rezervn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny a elektr\u00e1rny pro \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 vozidlo zvy\u0161uje popt\u00e1vku po elekt\u0159in\u011b. A tato dodate\u010dn\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka mus\u00ed b\u00fdt uspokojena v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu - nikoli v idealizovan\u00e9m. Dokud budou obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>jsou nest\u00e1l\u00e9<\/li>\n<li>nen\u00ed schopen z\u00e1kladn\u00edho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>v z\u00e1vislosti na po\u010das\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>mus\u00ed b\u00fdt k dispozici konven\u010dn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny. Ne jako p\u0159echodnou, ale jako trvalou pojistku.<\/p>\n<h3>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a politick\u00e9 omezen\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Energetick\u00fd syst\u00e9m nefunguje podle politick\u00fdch hesel, ale podle fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch pot\u0159eb. Elekt\u0159ina mus\u00ed b\u00fdt k dispozici:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>v noci<\/li>\n<li>v zim\u011b<\/li>\n<li>v klidn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch<\/li>\n<li>v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vysok\u00e9 popt\u00e1vky<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Zejm\u00e9na elektromobilita zvy\u0161uje \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Mnoho vozidel se nab\u00edj\u00ed ve\u010der, kdy\u017e se lid\u00e9 vracej\u00ed dom\u016f. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tehdy pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed energii tak\u00e9 dom\u00e1cnosti, pr\u016fmysl a infrastruktura. Tyto \u0161pi\u010dky nemohou b\u00fdt absorbov\u00e1ny pouze v\u011btrem a sluncem. Vy\u017eaduj\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b<\/li>\n<li>\u0158e\u0161en\u00ed pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dat<\/li>\n<li>Flexibiln\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny<\/li>\n<li>Dodate\u010dn\u00e1 vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed energie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To v\u0161e stoj\u00ed pen\u00edze, zdroje a \u010das. A to v\u0161e je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 bilance elektromobility, i kdy\u017e se tak m\u00e1lokdy ozna\u010duje.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u016fzkum elektromobility<\/h3>\n<div class='bootstrap-yop yop-poll-mc'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"basic-yop-poll-container\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff; border:0px; border-style:solid; border-color:#000000; border-radius:5px; padding:0px 5px;\" data-id=\"11\" data-temp=\"basic-pretty\" data-skin=\"square\" data-cscheme=\"blue\" data-cap=\"0\" data-access=\"guest\" data-tid=\"\" data-uid=\"3ce9992d5b360af25182309040b3ef3d\" data-pid=\"5899\" data-resdet=\"votes-number,percentages\" data-show-results-to=\"guest\" data-show-results-moment=\"after-vote\" data-show-results-only=\"false\" data-show-message=\"true\" data-show-results-as=\"bar\" data-sort-results-by=\"as-defined\" data-sort-results-rule=\"asc\"data-is-ended=\"0\" data-percentages-decimals=\"2\" data-gdpr=\"no\" data-gdpr-sol=\"consent\" data-css=\".basic-yop-poll-container[data-uid] .basic-vote {\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\" data-counter=\"0\" data-load-with=\"1\" data-notification-section=\"top\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-md-12\"><div class=\"basic-inner\"><div class=\"basic-message hide\" style=\"border-left: 10px solid #008000; padding: 0px 10px;\" data-error=\"#ff0000\" data-success=\"#008000\"><p class=\"basic-message-text\" style=\"color:#000000; font-size:14px; font-weight:normal;\"><\/p><\/div><div class=\"basic-overlay hide\"><div class=\"basic-vote-options\"><\/div><div class=\"basic-preloader\"><div class=\"basic-windows8\"><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_1\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_2\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_3\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_4\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_5\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><form class=\"basic-form\" action=\"\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_token\" value=\"fb3e68b19b\" autocomplete=\"off\"><div class=\"basic-elements\"><div class=\"basic-element basic-question basic-question-text-vertical\" data-id=\"11\" data-uid=\"cd333f0235d79f164febe03e20fb7a9c\" data-type=\"question\" data-question-type=\"text\" data-required=\"yes\" data-allow-multiple=\"yes\" data-min=\"1\" data-max=\"6\" data-display=\"vertical\" data-colnum=\"\" data-display-others=\"no\" data-others-color=\"\" data-others=\"\" data-others-max-chars=\"0\"><div class=\"basic-question-title\"><h5 style=\"color:#000000; font-size:16px; font-weight:normal; text-align:left;\">S jak\u00fdmi elektromobily ji\u017e m\u00e1te zku\u0161enosti?<\/h5><\/div><ul class=\"basic-answers\"><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"60\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"2\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[60]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"answer[60]\" name=\"answer[11]\" value=\"60\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Elektrosk\u00fatry<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"61\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"2\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[61]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"answer[61]\" name=\"answer[11]\" value=\"61\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Elektrick\u00fd sk\u00fatr<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"62\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"1\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[62]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"answer[62]\" name=\"answer[11]\" value=\"62\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Pln\u00fd hybrid\/m\u00edrn\u00fd hybrid<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"63\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"1\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[63]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"answer[63]\" name=\"answer[11]\" value=\"63\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Plug-in hybrid<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"64\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"2\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[64]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"answer[64]\" name=\"answer[11]\" value=\"64\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Elektromobil<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"67\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"6\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[67]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"answer[67]\" name=\"answer[11]\" value=\"67\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Zat\u00edm bez zku\u0161enost\u00ed<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-vote\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"button basic-vote-button\" role=\"button\" style=\"background:#027bb8; border:0px; border-style: solid; border-color:#000000; border-radius:5px; padding:10px 10px; color:#ffffff; font-size:14px; font-weight:normal;\">Hlasujte na<\/a><\/div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"trp-form-language\" value=\"cs\"\/><\/form><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>S\u00edt\u011b: neviditeln\u00e9 staveni\u0161t\u011b<\/h3>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z \u010dasto podce\u0148ovan\u00fdch aspekt\u016f je infrastruktura. Elektrick\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b nemohou zvl\u00e1dnout neomezen\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Byly navr\u017eeny pro specifick\u00e9 profily zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed - nikoliv pro celost\u00e1tn\u00ed elektromobilitu v kombinaci s tepeln\u00fdmi \u010derpadly, decentralizovanou dod\u00e1vkou a rostouc\u00ed celkovou spot\u0159ebou. Nezbytn\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b znamen\u00e1<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kilometry nov\u00fdch potrub\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Rozvodny<\/li>\n<li>Transformers<\/li>\n<li>Z\u00e1sahy do krajiny a s\u00eddel<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tato opat\u0159en\u00ed jsou technicky nezbytn\u00e1, politicky kontroverzn\u00ed a v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ekologicky neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed. Ani zde emise nemiz\u00ed, ale p\u0159esouvaj\u00ed se - tentokr\u00e1t do betonu, oceli a m\u011bdi.<\/p>\n<h3>Elektromobilita jako dodate\u010dn\u00e1 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e syst\u00e9mu<\/h3>\n<p>V politick\u00e9 komunikaci se o elektromobilit\u011b \u010dasto uva\u017euje jako o n\u00e1hrad\u011b: elektromobily m\u00edsto spalovac\u00edch motor\u016f. Ze syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho hlediska se v\u0161ak m\u00e1lokdy jedn\u00e1 o \u010distou n\u00e1hradu. V mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech je v\u00fdsledkem<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dodate\u010dn\u00fd po\u017eadavek na v\u00fdkon<\/li>\n<li>Paraleln\u00ed infrastruktura<\/li>\n<li>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed celkov\u00e1 slo\u017eitost<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Proto\u017ee spalovac\u00ed motor nezmiz\u00ed n\u00e1hle. P\u0159echodn\u00e1 obdob\u00ed trvaj\u00ed des\u00edtky let. B\u011bhem t\u00e9to f\u00e1ze je t\u0159eba podporovat oba syst\u00e9my sou\u010dasn\u011b - star\u00fd i nov\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00edm se energetick\u00fd syst\u00e9m nezjednodu\u0161uje, ale naopak komplikuje. A slo\u017eitost nen\u00ed c\u00edlem sama o sob\u011b. Zvy\u0161uje n\u00e1klady, n\u00e1chylnost k chyb\u00e1m a z\u00e1vislosti.<\/p>\n<h3>Z\u00e1vislosti na energetick\u00e9 politice<\/h3>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm bodem, o kter\u00e9m se m\u00e1lokdy otev\u0159en\u011b diskutuje, jsou nov\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti. Elektromobilita nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed jen posun emis\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 geopolitick\u00e1 rizika. V\u00fdroba energie vy\u017eaduje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Paliva<\/li>\n<li>Technologie<\/li>\n<li>Suroviny<\/li>\n<li>mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee elektromobilita n\u00e1s automaticky u\u010din\u00ed nez\u00e1vislej\u0161\u00edmi, p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed skute\u010dnost, \u017ee z\u00e1vislosti se m\u011bn\u00ed, nikoli miz\u00ed. Od ropy k rop\u011b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Plyn jako p\u0159eklenovac\u00ed technologie<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u016fb\u011bh importu<\/li>\n<li>kritick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly<\/li>\n<li>technologick\u00e9 monopoly<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>I to je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed celkov\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1hy - a nen\u00ed to okrajov\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost.<\/p>\n<h3>Stabilita p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1 symboliku<\/h3>\n<p>Z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed energi\u00ed je ot\u00e1zkou stability. Funguje dob\u0159e, kdy\u017e je nev\u00fdrazn\u00e1. Kdy\u017e nikdo nemus\u00ed p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o tom, zda sv\u00edt\u00ed sv\u011btla nebo se nab\u00edj\u00ed auto.<\/p>\n<p>Symbolick\u00e1 politick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed - jako je rychl\u00e9 odstaven\u00ed funguj\u00edc\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren v d\u016fsledku rostouc\u00ed popt\u00e1vky po elekt\u0159in\u011b - mohou m\u00edt mor\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1boj, ale jsou syst\u00e9mov\u011b riskantn\u00ed. Elektromobilita tato rizika zvy\u0161uje, pokud nen\u00ed zakotvena v robustn\u00ed celkov\u00e9 koncepci.<\/p>\n<p>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm t\u00e9to kapitoly je, \u017ee elektromobilita nen\u00ed jedn\u00edm z mnoha spot\u0159ebitel\u016f elekt\u0159iny - je to syst\u00e9mov\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00fd faktor.<br \/>\nPokud chcete v\u00edce elektromobility, mus\u00edte se zab\u00fdvat v\u00fdrobou energie, s\u00edt\u011bmi, skladov\u00e1n\u00edm a bezpe\u010dnost\u00ed dod\u00e1vek. V\u0161e ostatn\u00ed je jen v\u00fdkladn\u00ed sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148. Elektromobil nejezd\u00ed na ide\u00e1ly, ale na kilowatthodiny. A tyto kilowatthodiny maj\u00ed sv\u016fj p\u016fvod, cenu a d\u016fsledek.<\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee elektromobilita nen\u00ed jen technick\u00fdm, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm syst\u00e9mov\u00fdm a politick\u00fdm rozhodnut\u00edm, nutn\u011b vyvst\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zka:<\/p>\n<p>Pro\u010d byla tato cesta p\u0159esto tak d\u016fsledn\u011b prosazov\u00e1na - \u010dasto navzdory zjevn\u00fdm v\u00fdhrad\u00e1m?<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed kapitola se proto zab\u00fdv\u00e1 oblast\u00ed, o kter\u00e9 se m\u00e1lokdy transparentn\u011b hovo\u0159\u00ed, ale kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 obrovsk\u00fd vliv: Lobbing, dlouhodob\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy a politick\u00e1 propojenost. Zde se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na to, jak se p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed - \u010dasto dlouho p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se stanou ve\u0159ejn\u011b viditeln\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4749 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Strom-Infrastruktur.png\" alt=\"Elektromobil Elektrick\u00e1 infrastruktura\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Strom-Infrastruktur.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Strom-Infrastruktur-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Strom-Infrastruktur-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Strom-Infrastruktur-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Strom-Infrastruktur-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Jak lobbing p\u0159ipravuje rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159ed jejich p\u0159ijet\u00edm<\/h2>\n<p>Kdy\u017e se \u0159ekne slovo \u201elobby\u201c, \u010dasto se okam\u017eit\u011b ozve obvin\u011bn\u00ed. Vliv, z\u00e1kulisn\u00ed dohody, manipulace. Tato p\u0159edstava je pochopiteln\u00e1, ale je nedostate\u010dn\u00e1. Lobbing p\u0159ece nen\u00ed nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e organizovan\u00e9 zastupov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1jm\u016f. Je leg\u00e1ln\u00ed, b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 a je ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed modern\u00ed politiky.<\/p>\n<p>Spole\u010dnosti, sdru\u017een\u00ed, pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 iniciativy a nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace se sna\u017e\u00ed p\u0159isp\u011bt sv\u00fdmi n\u00e1zory, \u00fadaji a c\u00edli k politick\u00fdm rozhodovac\u00edm proces\u016fm. To nen\u00ed samo o sob\u011b zavr\u017een\u00edhodn\u00e9. Problematick\u00fdm se st\u00e1v\u00e1 pouze tehdy, kdy\u017e se tyto procesy stanou asymetrick\u00fdmi - kdy\u017e ur\u010dit\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy po l\u00e9ta systematicky dominuj\u00ed, zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9 nejsou t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 sly\u0161et.<\/p>\n<p>Zde se vyplat\u00ed pod\u00edvat se bl\u00ed\u017ee.<\/p>\n<h3>Politici uva\u017euj\u00ed v horizontech legislativn\u00edch obdob\u00ed - lobby v desetilet\u00edch.<\/h3>\n<p>Jeden z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch rozd\u00edl\u016f mezi politikou a lobbingem spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v \u010dasov\u00e9 perspektiv\u011b. Politick\u00e9 subjekty p\u016fsob\u00ed ve volebn\u00edch cyklech, obvykle \u010dty\u0159let\u00fdch. Rozhodnut\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt sd\u011bliteln\u00e1, spojiteln\u00e1 a v\u011brohodn\u00e1 v kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m \u010dasov\u00e9m horizontu.<\/p>\n<p>Lobbov\u00e1n\u00ed je naproti tomu dlouhodob\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost. Skute\u010dn\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd lobbing se neuskute\u010dn\u00ed ze dne na den, ale v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost<\/li>\n<li>Dlouhodob\u00e9 studie<\/li>\n<li>S\u00edt\u011b<\/li>\n<li>Rotace zam\u011bstnanc\u016f<\/li>\n<li>strategick\u00e1 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Mnoh\u00e1 politick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed se proto zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt n\u00e1hl\u00e1, ale ve skute\u010dnosti jsou v\u00fdsledkem dlouholet\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edprav. To, co navenek vypad\u00e1 jako rychl\u00e1 zm\u011bna kurzu, je \u010dasto jen okam\u017eik, kdy d\u0159\u00edve p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed kone\u010dn\u011b politicky \u201ezapadne\u201c.<\/p>\n<h3>P\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost<\/h3>\n<p>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm pojmem pro pochopen\u00ed politick\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00ed je tzv. okno p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti. Ur\u010dit\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti - krize, konflikty, technologick\u00e9 p\u0159evraty - vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed situace, v nich\u017e se d\u0159\u00edve zablokovan\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed n\u00e1hle st\u00e1vaj\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fdmi. V takov\u00fdch chv\u00edl\u00edch se politici r\u00e1di vracej\u00ed ke koncept\u016fm, kter\u00e9:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>jsou ji\u017e vypracov\u00e1ny<\/li>\n<li>jsou prezentov\u00e1ny jako \u201ebez alternativy\u201c<\/li>\n<li>se jev\u00ed jako okam\u017eit\u011b realizovateln\u00e9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou p\u0159ipraveni, pak z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed vliv. To tak\u00e9 vysv\u011btluje, pro\u010d jsou n\u011bkter\u00e9 projekty, kter\u00e9 byly po l\u00e9ta pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za nere\u00e1ln\u00e9 nebo zbyte\u010dn\u00e9, realizov\u00e1ny ve velmi kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 dob\u011b - zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9 alternativy jsou sotva prozkoum\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n<h3>Pohled do z\u00e1kulis\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b z\u0159eteln\u00fd vzorec lze pozorovat u velk\u00fdch infrastrukturn\u00edch projekt\u016f. \u010casto se a\u017e zp\u011btn\u011b zjist\u00ed, \u017ee lokality, koncepce nebo obchodn\u00ed modely byly p\u0159ipraveny dlouho p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e bylo p\u0159ijato politick\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed. Nen\u00ed neobvykl\u00e9, \u017ee se na nich pod\u00edlej\u00ed spole\u010dnosti nebo konsorcia:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>deset nebo v\u00edce let povolen\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>hodnocen\u00ed na m\u00edst\u011b<\/li>\n<li>politick\u00e9 kontakty<\/li>\n<li>ve v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch studi\u00edch<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dokud nebude vhodn\u00e9 politick\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed, z\u016fstanou tyto pl\u00e1ny v \u0161upl\u00edku. Pokud se r\u00e1mcov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky zm\u011bn\u00ed - nap\u0159\u00edklad v d\u016fsledku geopolitick\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed nebo strategick\u00e9ho p\u0159eskupen\u00ed -, jsou n\u00e1hle vyta\u017eeny.<\/p>\n<p>To, co se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt rychlou reakc\u00ed, je ve skute\u010dnosti v\u00fdsledkem dlouh\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n<h3>Vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159ed\u010d\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla<\/h3>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm faktorem \u00fasp\u011bchu modern\u00edho lobbingu je narativ. Slo\u017eit\u00e9 probl\u00e9my jsou redukov\u00e1ny na n\u011bkolik chytlav\u00fdch sd\u011blen\u00ed. Tato sd\u011blen\u00ed nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt \u0161patn\u00e1 - jsou v\u0161ak selektivn\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b elektromobility bylo \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm narativem:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\u201ebezemisn\u00ed\u201c<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>\u201eTechnologie budoucnosti\u201c<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>\u201e\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 alternativa\u201c<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>\u201eti, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou proti, zpomaluj\u00ed pokrok\u201c<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tyto term\u00edny p\u016fsob\u00ed emocion\u00e1ln\u011b, nikoli analyticky. Vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed souhlas, ani\u017e by bylo nutn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st \u00faplnou syst\u00e9movou anal\u00fdzu. A zt\u011b\u017euj\u00ed kritiku, proto\u017ee jak\u00e1koli odchylka od narativu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt rychle interpretov\u00e1na jako ideologicky zp\u00e1te\u010dnick\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla, ale nevypr\u00e1v\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, v politick\u00fdch debat\u00e1ch t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy prohr\u00e1vaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"display-post-types\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#dpt-wrapper-180 { --dpt-text-align: left;--dpt-image-crop: center;--dpt-border-radius: 5px;--dpt-h-gutter: 10px;--dpt-v-gutter: 10px; }\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">#dpt-wrapper-180 { --dpt-title-font-style:normal;--dpt-title-font-weight:600;--dpt-title-line-height:1.5;--dpt-title-text-decoration:none;--dpt-title-text-transform:none;--dpt-excerpt-font-style:normal;--dpt-excerpt-font-weight:400;--dpt-excerpt-line-height:1.5;--dpt-excerpt-text-decoration:none;--dpt-excerpt-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta1-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta1-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta1-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta1-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta1-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta2-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta2-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta2-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta2-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta2-text-transform:none; }<\/style><div class=\"dpt-main-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-main-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dpt-main-title-text\">Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky o N\u011bmecku<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"dpt-wrapper-180\" class=\"dpt-wrapper dpt-list2 land1 dpt-cropped dpt-flex-wrap\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"helge schneider: haltung, humor und die freiheit, sich nicht erkl\u00e4ren zu m\u00fcssen\" data-id=\"4756\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft kunst &amp; kultur\" data-post_tag=\"deutschland erfahrungen meinungsfreiheit musik portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/02\/helge-schneider-postoj-humor-a-svoboda-nemuset-vysvetlovat-sam-sebe\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Helge Schneider: P\u0159\u00edstup, humor a svoboda nemuset se vysv\u011btlovat<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Helge Schneider Portr\u00e9t\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Helge-Schneider.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Helge-Schneider.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Helge-Schneider-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Helge-Schneider-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Helge-Schneider-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/02\/helge-schneider-postoj-humor-a-svoboda-nemuset-vysvetlovat-sam-sebe\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Helge Schneider: P\u0159\u00edstup, humor a svoboda nemuset se vysv\u011btlovat<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"zustand der deutschen wirtschaft 2025: f\u00fcnf jahre krise, zahlen, trends und ausblick\" data-id=\"3773\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft\" data-post_tag=\"auswandern deutschland energiepolitik erfahrungen geopolitik krisen ratgeber\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/12\/stav-nemecke-ekonomiky-2025-pet-let-krize-cisla-trendy-a-vyhled\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Stav n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed v roce 2025: p\u011bt let krize, \u010d\u00edsla, trendy a v\u00fdhled<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Stav n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed v roce 2025\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/zustand-deutschland-2025.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/zustand-deutschland-2025.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/zustand-deutschland-2025-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/zustand-deutschland-2025-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/zustand-deutschland-2025-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/12\/stav-nemecke-ekonomiky-2025-pet-let-krize-cisla-trendy-a-vyhled\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Stav n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed v roce 2025: p\u011bt let krize, \u010d\u00edsla, trendy a v\u00fdhled<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"wie war syrien vor dem krieg? wer regiert heute? was bedeutet das f\u00fcr gefl\u00fcchtete in deutschland?\" data-id=\"4628\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft kunst &amp; kultur\" data-post_tag=\"deutschland europa geopolitik krisen meinungsfreiheit sicherheitspolitik\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/01\/jak-vypadala-syrie-pred-valkou-kdo-dnes-vladne-co-to-znamena-pro-uprchliky-v-nemecku\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Jak\u00e1 byla S\u00fdrie p\u0159ed v\u00e1lkou? Kdo vl\u00e1dne dnes? Co to znamen\u00e1 pro uprchl\u00edky v N\u011bmecku?<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"S\u00fdrie a Dama\u0161ek\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Syrien-Damaskus.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Syrien-Damaskus.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Syrien-Damaskus-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Syrien-Damaskus-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Syrien-Damaskus-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/01\/jak-vypadala-syrie-pred-valkou-kdo-dnes-vladne-co-to-znamena-pro-uprchliky-v-nemecku\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Jak\u00e1 byla S\u00fdrie p\u0159ed v\u00e1lkou? Kdo vl\u00e1dne dnes? Co to znamen\u00e1 pro uprchl\u00edky v N\u011bmecku?<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"hohe energiepreise in deutschland verstehen: gas, strom und benzin einfach erkl\u00e4rt\" data-id=\"4103\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft tipps &amp; anleitungen\" data-post_tag=\"deutschland energiepolitik eu-gesetze europa krisen ratgeber\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/12\/vysvetleni-vysokych-cen-energii-v-nemecku-plyn-elektrina-a-benzin-jednoduse\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Pochopen\u00ed vysok\u00fdch cen energi\u00ed v N\u011bmecku: Plyn, elekt\u0159ina a benzin jednodu\u0161e vysv\u011btleny<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Ceny energi\u00ed v N\u011bmecku\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/energiepreise-deutschland.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/energiepreise-deutschland.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/energiepreise-deutschland-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/energiepreise-deutschland-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/energiepreise-deutschland-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/12\/vysvetleni-vysokych-cen-energii-v-nemecku-plyn-elektrina-a-benzin-jednoduse\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Pochopen\u00ed vysok\u00fdch cen energi\u00ed v N\u011bmecku: Plyn, elekt\u0159ina a benzin jednodu\u0161e vysv\u011btleny<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Studie, odborn\u00edci a institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed bl\u00edzkost<\/h3>\n<p>Lobbing je dnes z\u0159\u00eddka p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd, ale zprost\u0159edkovan\u00fd. O:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>N\u00e1zor odborn\u00edka<\/li>\n<li>Poradensk\u00e9 firmy<\/li>\n<li>Think tanky<\/li>\n<li>Odborn\u00e9 panely<\/li>\n<li>Konference<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Probl\u00e9mem nen\u00ed existence takov\u00fdch form\u00e1t\u016f, ale jejich jednostrannost. Pokud se ur\u010dit\u00e9 p\u0159edpoklady v pr\u016fb\u011bhu let opakovan\u011b reprodukuj\u00ed, zako\u0159en\u00ed jako zd\u00e1nliv\u00e9 jistoty.<\/p>\n<p>To vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed odborn\u00fd konsenzus, kter\u00fd se nezakl\u00e1d\u00e1 ani tak na otev\u0159en\u00e9 diskusi, jako sp\u00ed\u0161e na struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed bl\u00edzkosti. Kritick\u00e9 hlasy nejsou vyvr\u00e1ceny - prost\u011b u\u017e nejsou zv\u00e1ny. V\u00fdsledkem je politick\u00e1 smy\u010dka sebepotvrzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Elektromobilita jako dokonal\u00e9 politick\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Z politick\u00e9ho hlediska v sob\u011b elektromobilita spojuje n\u011bkolik v\u00fdhod:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Je viditeln\u00fd<\/li>\n<li>Lze jej p\u0159izp\u016fsobit<\/li>\n<li>Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed mor\u00e1ln\u00ed propojen\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Lze ji podporovat, m\u011b\u0159it a regulovat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u0161ak p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost. Ochrana klimatu se p\u0159esouv\u00e1 ze syst\u00e9mu na jednotlivce: rozhodnut\u00ed o n\u00e1kupu nam\u00edsto struktur\u00e1ln\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f. To je politicky atraktivn\u00ed - a lobbist\u00e9 toho mohou snadno vyu\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u016fmysl, politika a ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 komunikace zde nach\u00e1zej\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016fse\u010d\u00edk, i kdy\u017e jejich motivy jsou odli\u0161n\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h3>Pro\u010d se syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 alternativy propadaj\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>V t\u00e9to sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 situaci v\u0161ak n\u00e1padn\u011b chyb\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00e9 srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s alternativn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edstupy:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Del\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotnost st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch vozidel<\/li>\n<li>Otev\u0159enost v\u016f\u010di technologi\u00edm<\/li>\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti nam\u00edsto v\u00fdm\u011bny<\/li>\n<li>Kombinace r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f pohon\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tyto mo\u017enosti jsou m\u00e9n\u011b efektn\u00ed, obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bji sd\u011bliteln\u00e9 a politicky m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00e9. Nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed jasn\u00e9 v\u00edt\u011bze ani jednoduch\u00e9 programy financov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je siln\u011b charakterizov\u00e1no p\u0159edp\u0159ipraven\u00fdmi \u0159e\u0161en\u00edmi, maj\u00ed takov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy jen st\u011b\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e9 lobby.<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00edm poznatkem t\u00e9to kapitoly je, \u017ee politick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed z\u0159\u00eddkakdy vznikaj\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b neutr\u00e1ln\u00edch \u00favah - vznikaj\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b p\u0159ipraven\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Elektromobilita se stala dominantn\u00ed ne proto, \u017ee by byla ve v\u0161ech ohledech lep\u0161\u00ed, ale proto, \u017ee byla politicky narativn\u00ed, pr\u016fmyslov\u011b propojiteln\u00e1 a dlouhodob\u011b p\u0159ipraven\u00e1. To nen\u00ed spiknut\u00ed. Je to logika syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>Po pochopen\u00ed t\u011bchto mechanism\u016f se nevyhnuteln\u011b nab\u00edz\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zka: Jak\u00e9 d\u016fsledky m\u011blo toto jednostrann\u00e9 stanoven\u00ed priorit pro pr\u016fmysl, ekonomiku a spole\u010dnost?<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed kapitola se proto zab\u00fdv\u00e1 dotacemi, struktur\u00e1ln\u00edmi zlomy a strategick\u00fdmi \u0161kodami - a ot\u00e1zkou, zda se rychlost nezam\u011b\u0148uje s pokrokem. Zde se ukazuje, \u017ee politick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed nejsou bez n\u00e1sledk\u016f - i kdy\u017e jsou dob\u0159e m\u00edn\u011bna.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4751 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Lobbyarbeit.jpg\" alt=\"Lobbov\u00e1n\u00ed za elektromobilitu\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Lobbyarbeit.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Lobbyarbeit-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Lobbyarbeit-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-ohne-Ideologie-Lobbyarbeit-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 politika, dotace a strategick\u00e9 \u0161kody<\/h2>\n<p>V politick\u00e9 debat\u011b jsou dotace \u010dasto pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za m\u00edrn\u00fd l\u00e9k. Vypadaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1telsky, podp\u016frn\u011b a perspektivn\u011b. Ve skute\u010dnosti jsou jedn\u00edm z nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f st\u00e1tn\u00ed kontroly - pr\u00e1v\u011b proto, \u017ee sp\u00ed\u0161e odm\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed, ne\u017e zakazuj\u00ed. Ti, kdo dotace poskytuj\u00ed, rozhoduj\u00ed implicitn\u011b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kter\u00e9 technologie rostou<\/li>\n<li>kter\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed modely se vyplat\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>kter\u00e9 investice se vyplat\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>kter\u00e9 kompetence jsou zachov\u00e1ny<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dotace z\u00e1sadn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed trhy. A to nikoliv neutr\u00e1ln\u011b, ale c\u00edlen\u011b. To nen\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed, ale jejich \u00fa\u010del. Problematick\u00fdm se st\u00e1v\u00e1, kdy\u017e je toto usm\u011br\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed jednostrann\u00e9, trval\u00e9 a narativn\u011b zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159esn\u011b to se stalo v souvislosti s elektromobilitou.<\/p>\n<h3>Od pov\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed k z\u00e1vislosti<\/h3>\n<p>Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku byly n\u00e1kupn\u00ed pr\u00e9mie a dota\u010dn\u00ed programy pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed financov\u00e1n\u00ed. Do\u010dasn\u00e1 podpora pro uveden\u00ed nov\u00e9 technologie na trh. Kdy\u017e se v\u0161ak tento impuls stal rutinou, p\u0159echod se stal trval\u00fdm. To vedlo k tich\u00e9mu posunu:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>V\u00fdrobci za\u010dali p\u0159izp\u016fsobovat ceny dopravn\u00edm logik\u00e1m<\/li>\n<li>Kupuj\u00edc\u00ed vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vaj\u00ed fixn\u00ed pojistn\u00e9<\/li>\n<li>Obchodn\u00ed modely funguj\u00ed pouze se st\u00e1tn\u00ed podporou<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V takov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed neexistuje pevn\u00e1 tr\u017en\u00ed struktura, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e z\u00e1vislost. Trh ji\u017e nereaguje prim\u00e1rn\u011b na popt\u00e1vku, ale na politick\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly. To je z hlediska pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 politiky riskantn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Ztr\u00e1ta technologick\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159e<\/h3>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch d\u016fsledk\u016f tohoto v\u00fdvoje je postupn\u00e1 ztr\u00e1ta technologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo v\u010das a v masov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku up\u0159ednost\u0148uje jedin\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, potla\u010duje alternativy - ne proto, \u017ee by byly hor\u0161\u00ed, ale proto, \u017ee se ji\u017e nejev\u00ed jako politicky \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed. V oblasti mobility to znamen\u00e1<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Men\u0161\u00ed investice do zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Men\u0161\u00ed otev\u0159enost v\u016f\u010di hybridn\u00edm nebo alternativn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstup\u016fm<\/li>\n<li>Klesaj\u00edc\u00ed ochota v\u00e1\u017en\u011b pokra\u010dovat v rozvoji p\u0159echodov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Technologick\u00e1 otev\u0159enost nen\u00ed ideologick\u00fdm heslem, ale strategickou pojistkou proti ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edmu v\u00fdvoji. Ti, kdo se j\u00ed vzd\u00e1vaj\u00ed, d\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u0161echna sv\u00e1 vejce do jednoho ko\u0161\u00edku.<\/p>\n<h3>Pr\u016fmyslovou expert\u00edzu nelze libovoln\u011b p\u0159esouvat<\/h3>\n<p>Pr\u016fmysl netvo\u0159\u00ed jen tov\u00e1rny, ale tak\u00e9 znalosti, zku\u0161enosti, dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce a lid\u00e9. Tyto struktury se vyv\u00edjej\u00ed po desetilet\u00ed. Nelze je libovoln\u011b p\u0159esm\u011brovat, ani\u017e by do\u0161lo ke t\u0159ec\u00edm ztr\u00e1t\u00e1m. Vynucen\u00e1 reorganizace technologie pohon\u016f vedla k tomu, \u017ee:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed kompetence byly znehodnoceny<\/li>\n<li>dodavatelsk\u00e9 struktury se dostaly pod tlak<\/li>\n<li>cel\u00e9 hodnotov\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce ztr\u00e1cej\u00ed sv\u016fj z\u00e1klad<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To se t\u00fdk\u00e1 nejen jednotliv\u00fdch podnik\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 region\u016f, vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch program\u016f a dlouhodob\u00e9 inova\u010dn\u00ed kapacity. Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 politika, kter\u00e1 tyto dopady ignoruje, za to pozd\u011bji zaplat\u00ed vysokou cenu.<\/p>\n<h3>Rychlost nenahrad\u00ed strategii<\/h3>\n<p>V posledn\u00edch letech se opakovan\u011b objevuje t\u00e9ma rychlosti. Rychlej\u0161\u00ed transformace, rychlej\u0161\u00ed pronik\u00e1n\u00ed na trh, rychlej\u0161\u00ed dosahov\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f. Rychlost byla prohl\u00e1\u0161ena za rys kvality. Rychlost v\u0161ak nenahrad\u00ed strategii. P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rychl\u00e1 reorganizace:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Zvy\u0161uje investi\u010dn\u00ed rizika<\/li>\n<li>Zvy\u0161uje demotiva\u010dn\u00ed faktory<\/li>\n<li>Sni\u017euje mo\u017enosti korekce<\/li>\n<li>zhor\u0161uje soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e9 naru\u0161en\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my reaguj\u00ed pomalu - ne z neochoty, ale kv\u016fli fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed a organiza\u010dn\u00ed realit\u011b. Kdo tuto setrva\u010dnost ignoruje, vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 nestabilitu.<\/p>\n<h3>Nov\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti m\u00edsto star\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>Hlavn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edslibem elektromobility bylo sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti. M\u00e9n\u011b ropy, men\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1vislost na dovozu, v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed autonomie. V praxi se v\u0161ak mnoh\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti pouze p\u0159esunuly. Dnes existuj\u00ed nov\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ze surovin<\/li>\n<li>bateriov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f<\/li>\n<li>geopoliticky citliv\u00fdch region\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tyto z\u00e1vislosti nejsou nutn\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed nebo hor\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ty star\u00e9 - ale jsou skute\u010dn\u00e9. Kdo je ignoruje, neprov\u00e1d\u00ed pr\u016fmyslovou politiku zam\u011b\u0159enou na budoucnost, ale jen zbo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Dotovan\u00e9 trhy jsou n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k naru\u0161en\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed riziko spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v k\u0159ehkosti dotovan\u00fdch trh\u016f. Jakmile se dotace sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed, pozastav\u00ed nebo politicky p\u0159ehodnot\u00ed, za\u010dnou se cel\u00e9 segmenty trhu oslabovat. To vede k:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Zmrazen\u00ed investic<\/li>\n<li>Ztr\u00e1ta pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst<\/li>\n<li>Ztr\u00e1ta d\u016fv\u011bry mezi spole\u010dnostmi a spot\u0159ebiteli<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Stabiln\u00ed trh by m\u011bl b\u00fdt schopen p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt dotace. Pokud to nedok\u00e1\u017ee, nikdy nebyl stabiln\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed rozm\u011br<\/h3>\n<p>Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 politika m\u00e1 nejen hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd, ale tak\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed dopad. Pokud je transformace komunikov\u00e1na jako mor\u00e1ln\u00ed povinnost, zat\u00edmco jej\u00ed n\u00e1klady jsou nerovnom\u011brn\u011b rozd\u011bleny, vznik\u00e1 nap\u011bt\u00ed. Ne ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>koupit nov\u00e9 vozidlo<\/li>\n<li>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nab\u00edjec\u00ed infrastruktury<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e9st technologick\u00e1 rizika<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 politika, kter\u00e1 by tyto skute\u010dnosti ignorovala, by ztratila uzn\u00e1n\u00ed - i kdyby jej\u00ed c\u00edle byly dob\u0159e m\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm t\u00e9to kapitoly je, \u017ee pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 politika, kter\u00e1 up\u0159ednost\u0148uje jednostrannou propagaci, zp\u016fsobuje struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kody, kter\u00e9 se projev\u00ed a\u017e ve chv\u00edli, kdy je n\u00e1prava sotva mo\u017en\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Elektromobilita byla p\u0159ece\u0148ov\u00e1na nejen z technologick\u00e9ho hlediska, ale tak\u00e9 z hlediska pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 politiky. D\u016fsledkem jsou z\u00e1vislosti, ztr\u00e1ta odborn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed a k\u0159ehk\u00e9 trhy - probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 nelze vy\u0159e\u0161it dal\u0161\u00edmi programy financov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Po v\u0161ech t\u011bchto zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edch vyvst\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed ot\u00e1zka: Jak by mohla vypadat jin\u00e1 cesta?<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e1 kapitola tedy nen\u00ed o kritice, ale o perspektiv\u011b. Jde o diferenciaci, otev\u0159enost v\u016f\u010di technologi\u00edm a ot\u00e1zku, jak m\u016f\u017ee ochrana klimatu fungovat, ani\u017e by ignorovala logiku syst\u00e9mu. Proto\u017ee pokroku se nedosahuje rychlost\u00ed - ale sm\u011brem.<\/p>\n<h3>P\u0159ehled p\u00e1k a efekt\u016f<\/h3>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th>P\u00e1ka<\/th>\n<th>Jak to funguje<\/th>\n<th>Typick\u00fd vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Dotace<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0158\u00eddit popt\u00e1vku a ceny, vytv\u00e1\u0159et objem trhu<\/td>\n<td>Z\u00e1vislosti, k\u0159ehk\u00e9 trhy v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zastaven\u00ed v\u00fdroby<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed slo\u017eitosti (\u201ebez emis\u00ed\u201c, \u201ebez alternativy\u201c)<\/td>\n<td>Kritika je br\u00e1na mor\u00e1ln\u011b, nikoli objektivn\u011b.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Okno p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Krize \u010din\u00ed p\u0159ipraven\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1hle provediteln\u00fdmi<\/td>\n<td>Jednostrann\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed, m\u00e1lo zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed alternativ<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Studie\/odborn\u00e9 komise<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Stabilizace politick\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u201ekonsensu\u201c<\/td>\n<td>Smy\u010dky sebepotvrzen\u00ed, m\u00e1lo skute\u010dn\u00fdch konkuren\u010dn\u00edch hypot\u00e9z<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Vhled do problematiky: Jak funguje lobbing v ka\u017edodenn\u00ed politice<\/h3>\n<p>Tento v\u00fdzkum p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u00fd pohled do z\u00e1kulis\u00ed politick\u00e9ho vlivu. Ukazuje, jak lobbist\u00e9 navazuj\u00ed kontakty s poslanci, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k dialogu a sna\u017e\u00ed se ovlivnit politick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed ve sv\u016fj prosp\u011bch pomoc\u00ed profesion\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159ipraven\u00fdch argumenta\u010dn\u00edch pom\u016fcek. Pomoc\u00ed utajen\u00e9ho experimentu se ov\u011b\u0159uje, jak snadn\u00e9 je z\u00edskat pozornost jm\u00e9nem fiktivn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti a nav\u00e1zat bl\u00edzk\u00fd kontakt s politiky. D\u016fraz je kladen m\u00e9n\u011b na skandalizaci a v\u00edce na transparentnost: kde kon\u010d\u00ed legitimn\u00ed zastupov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1jm\u016f a v jak\u00e9m okam\u017eiku se ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1v\u00e1 problematick\u00fdm? V\u00fdzkum ukazuje, jak profesion\u00e1ln\u011b je tento byznys organizov\u00e1n - a jak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 jsou jasn\u00e1 pravidla a ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 kontrola.<\/p>\n<div class=\"lyte-wrapper\" style=\"width:640px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_rjjZQAuy1Ts\"><div id=\"lyte_rjjZQAuy1Ts\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2FrjjZQAuy1Ts%2Fhqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/rjjZQAuy1Ts\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2FrjjZQAuy1Ts%2F0.jpg\" alt=\"Miniatura videa na YouTube\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\" \/><br \/>Pod\u00edvejte se na toto video na YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:640px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><br \/>\nVlastn\u00ed experiment: Jak velk\u00fd vliv m\u00e1 podnikatelsk\u00e1 lobby? | <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@diespur\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">ZDF Stezka<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Pokrok pot\u0159ebuje sm\u011br, ne objem<\/h2>\n<p>Na z\u00e1v\u011br tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku je pro m\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 objasnit jednu v\u011bc: V\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee elektromobilita je v z\u00e1sad\u011b \u017eivotaschopnou technologi\u00ed budoucnosti. Je technicky fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1 v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b a m\u00e1 smysl v mnoha aplikac\u00edch. Elektromobilita je z\u00e1bavn\u00e1, funguje spolehliv\u011b a v ur\u010dit\u00fdch oblastech bude v dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu hr\u00e1t d\u016fle\u017eitou roli. O tom nepochybuji.<\/p>\n<p>Moje kritika nen\u00ed nam\u00ed\u0159ena proti samotn\u00e9 technologii, ale proti cest\u011b, kter\u00e1 byla zvolena politicky a z hlediska pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 politiky. Proti p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee slo\u017eit\u00e9 syst\u00e9my lze urychlit masivn\u00edmi z\u00e1sahy, ani\u017e by to zp\u016fsobilo vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky. Proti p\u0159edstav\u011b, \u017ee mor\u00e1ln\u00ed tlak m\u016f\u017ee nahradit fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed a ekonomickou realitu.<\/p>\n<h3>Technologie by si vy\u017e\u00e1dala \u010das - bez p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed.<\/h3>\n<p>Elektromobilita se m\u011bla nechat rozvinout. Krok za krokem. \u0158\u00edd\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>technologick\u00fd pokrok<\/li>\n<li>klesaj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1klady<\/li>\n<li>lep\u0161\u00ed baterie<\/li>\n<li>zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed vhodnosti pro ka\u017edodenn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u00edrn\u00e9 a c\u00edlen\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed - ano. V\u00fdzkum, infrastruktura, pilotn\u00ed projekty - samoz\u0159ejm\u011b. M\u00edsto toho se v\u0161ak odehr\u00e1lo obrovsk\u00e9 divadlo: masivn\u00ed dotace, politick\u00e9 c\u00edle, moralizov\u00e1n\u00ed a ve\u0159ejn\u00fd diskurz, kter\u00fd sotva umo\u017e\u0148oval diferenciaci.<\/p>\n<p>Technologie obvykle dozr\u00e1vaj\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm, nikoli na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm. Zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed se, kdy\u017e jsou p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9, ne kdy\u017e jsou na\u0159\u00edzeny.<\/p>\n<h3>Ochrana klimatu bez m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9ho zisku<\/h3>\n<p>Kdy\u017e spoj\u00edte v\u0161echny aspekty - \u017eivotn\u00ed cyklus, zm\u011bnu emis\u00ed, skladbu elektrick\u00e9 energie, infrastrukturu, dotace - vyvstane nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka: Co jsme vlastn\u011b nakonec z\u00edskali?<\/p>\n<p>Moje osobn\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed je jasn\u00e9: velmi m\u00e1lo. Je docela mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee nakonec vyprodukujeme je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce emis\u00ed, ne\u017e kdybychom d\u00e9le pou\u017e\u00edvali st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed vozov\u00fd park, zefektivnili jej a p\u0159echod dokon\u010dili pomaleji. P\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 vy\u0159azen\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00edch vozidel, obrovsk\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, dodate\u010dn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na elektrickou energii a reorganizace infrastruktury zanech\u00e1vaj\u00ed bilanci, kter\u00e1 je p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm sporn\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Ochrana klimatu z\u00e1vis\u00ed na dopadu, nikoli na z\u00e1m\u011bru. A dopad lze vypo\u010d\u00edtat.<\/p>\n<h3>Hodn\u011b pen\u011bz, m\u00e1lo syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch v\u00fdhod<\/h3>\n<p>Bez ohledu na ot\u00e1zku emis\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed bod: finan\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klady. \u010c\u00e1stky, kter\u00e9 byly vlo\u017eeny do n\u00e1kupn\u00edch pr\u00e9mi\u00ed, dota\u010dn\u00edch program\u016f a opat\u0159en\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 politiky, jsou obrovsk\u00e9. Tyto pen\u00edze chyb\u00ed jinde - v:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>V\u00fdzkum<\/li>\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed efektivity<\/li>\n<li>Optimalizace z\u00e1sob<\/li>\n<li>Infrastruktura nad r\u00e1mec symbolick\u00fdch projekt\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Velmi dob\u0159e v\u0161ak fungovalo p\u0159erozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed: dotace spolehliv\u011b proudily do pr\u016fmyslu, k v\u00fdrobc\u016fm, dodavatel\u016fm a t\u011bm hr\u00e1\u010d\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli strategickou pozici na za\u010d\u00e1tku. Transformace pro n\u011b byla lukrativn\u00ed. M\u00e9n\u011b u\u017e pro syst\u00e9m jako celek.<\/p>\n<h3>Cena za zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed je v posledn\u00edch letech kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem. Slo\u017eit\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky byly redukov\u00e1ny na jednoduch\u00e1 sd\u011blen\u00ed. Dobr\u00e9 a \u0161patn\u00e9, spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 a \u0161patn\u00e9, budoucnost a minulost. V takov\u00e9m klimatu je st\u0159\u00edzliv\u00e1 kritika st\u011b\u017e\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1, ani\u017e by byla okam\u017eit\u011b zahn\u00e1na do kouta.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159esto by tato kritika byla nutn\u00e1. Ne k blokov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale k p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed. Syst\u00e9my citliv\u011b reaguj\u00ed na p\u0159ebuzen\u00ed. Pokud tah\u00e1te p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 siln\u011b, riskujete praskliny.<\/p>\n<h3>Co bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 ud\u011blat jinak<\/h3>\n<p>Kdy\u017e se ohl\u00e9dneme zp\u011bt, zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee mnoha v\u011bcem se dalo p\u0159edej\u00edt:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Del\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch vozidel<\/li>\n<li>Financov\u00e1n\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00fdch technologi\u00ed nebo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 financov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed d\u016fraz na efektivitu nam\u00edsto v\u00fdm\u011bny<\/li>\n<li>Realistick\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny<\/li>\n<li>poctiv\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To v\u0161e by bylo m\u00e9n\u011b velkolep\u00e9. Nedostalo by se to na tituln\u00ed str\u00e1nky novin. Ale pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b by se dos\u00e1hlo v\u00edce - ekologicky i ekonomicky.<\/p>\n<h3>Tip na \u010dten\u00ed: Praktick\u00fd pohled na elektromobilitu<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/01\/elektromobil-hybrid-a-skutr-e-realisticky-pohled-za-hranice-ideologie\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-4258 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-Titel-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Elektromobilita - e-sk\u00fatr\/kolob\u011b\u017eka, hybrid, elektromobil\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-Titel-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-Titel-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-Titel-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Elektromobilitaet-Titel.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo se zaj\u00edm\u00e1 o elektromobilitu, si najde <a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/01\/elektromobil-hybrid-a-skutr-e-realisticky-pohled-za-hranice-ideologie\/\"><strong>dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky<\/strong><\/a> Z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b jsem roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il z\u00e1b\u011br t\u00e9to s\u00e9rie. P\u0159edstav\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00e9 technologie pohonu - od klasick\u00fdch spalovac\u00edch motor\u016f p\u0159es hybridy a plug-in hybridy a\u017e po \u010dist\u011b elektrick\u00e9 vozy - a pop\u00ed\u0161u vlastn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti z n\u011bkolikalet\u00e9 praxe. S\u00e1m \u0159\u00edd\u00edm dva plug-in hybridn\u00ed vozy a jsem velmi dob\u0159e obezn\u00e1men s v\u00fdhodami, omezen\u00edmi a ka\u017edodenn\u00edmi \u00fa\u010dinky t\u00e9to technologie. \u010cl\u00e1nek je m\u00e9n\u011b kritick\u00fd, sp\u00ed\u0161e vysv\u011btluj\u00edc\u00ed a praktick\u00fd - je dobr\u00fdm z\u00e1kladem pro kategorizaci debaty, ne\u017e se za\u010dne zab\u00fdvat syst\u00e9mov\u00fdmi ot\u00e1zkami.<\/p>\n<h3>Elektromobilita jako sou\u010d\u00e1st, nikoli p\u0159\u00edslib sp\u00e1sy<\/h3>\n<p>Mo\u017en\u00e1 nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pou\u010den\u00edm je vr\u00e1tit elektromobilitu tam, kam pat\u0159\u00ed: jako sou\u010d\u00e1st v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho celku. Ne jako jedin\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, ne jako mor\u00e1ln\u00ed standard, ne jako politick\u00fd symbol.<\/p>\n<p>Mobilita je r\u016fznorod\u00e1. Energie je slo\u017eit\u00e1. Pr\u016fmysl je pomal\u00fd. Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed tyto skute\u010dnosti akceptuj\u00ed, d\u011blaj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed - i kdy\u017e jsou m\u00e9n\u011b brilantn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Osobn\u00ed uzav\u0159en\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Tento text nep\u00ed\u0161u z odm\u00edtnut\u00ed, ale ze zklam\u00e1n\u00ed. Ze zklam\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee dobr\u00e1 technologie byla po\u0161kozena p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00edm a n\u00e1tlakem. \u017de lid\u00e9 syst\u00e9mu ned\u016fv\u011b\u0159ovali, ale cht\u011bli ho ovl\u00e1dat - se v\u0161emi zn\u00e1m\u00fdmi vedlej\u0161\u00edmi \u00fa\u010dinky.<\/p>\n<p>Elektromobilita si najde sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto. Jsem o tom p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den. Jedinou ot\u00e1zkou je, za jakou cenu a jak. Mo\u017en\u00e1 by se j\u00ed prost\u011b m\u011blo d\u00e1t v\u00edce \u010dasu. Ne ka\u017ed\u00e9 dob\u0159e odvypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed je dobr\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Ale ka\u017ed\u00e9 dobr\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed obstoj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud m\u00e1 tento \u010dl\u00e1nek n\u011bco p\u0159in\u00e9st, pak je to znovuotev\u0159en\u00ed prostoru pro tento v\u00fdpo\u010det. Bez ideologie. Ani\u017e by se rozd\u011blovala vina. Ale s respektem k realit\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Proto\u017ee nakonec nen\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, ale rozvaha.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 zdroje k t\u00e9matu<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9171403\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Hodnocen\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu bateriov\u00fdch elektrick\u00fdch vozidel (PMC)<\/strong><\/a>Tato studie prov\u00e1d\u00ed anal\u00fdzu \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu bateriov\u00fdch elektrick\u00fdch vozidel, v\u010detn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinnosti bateri\u00ed, kombinace nab\u00edjec\u00ed elekt\u0159iny a recyklace, jako\u017e i jejich vlivu na dopad na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed b\u011bhem cel\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1364032122000867\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Celkov\u00e9 emise CO2 ekvivalentn\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edmu cyklu elektrick\u00fdch a hybridn\u00edch vozidel (ScienceDirect)<\/strong><\/a>Srovn\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 790 variant vozidel a ukazuje, \u017ee a\u010dkoli vozidla poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 bateriemi maj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed emise p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b, b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu maj\u00ed za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f ne\u017e spalovac\u00ed motory.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/theicct.org\/publication\/electric-cars-life-cycle-analysis-emissions-europe-jul25\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f osobn\u00edch automobil\u016f b\u011bhem \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu (ICCT)<\/a><\/strong>Anal\u00fdza celkov\u00fdch emis\u00ed elektromobil\u016f v kontextu EU: Elektromobily BEV maj\u00ed na \u00farovni \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed emise ne\u017e konven\u010dn\u00ed spalovac\u00ed motory, zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i \u010dist\u0161\u00edm mixu elektrick\u00e9 energie.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tunley-environmental.com\/en\/insights\/life-cycle-assessment-of-electric-vehicles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu elektrick\u00fdch vozidel (Tunley Environmental)<\/a><\/strong>\u00davodn\u00ed p\u0159ehled metodologick\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu anal\u00fdz \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu (LCA) p\u0159i posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed vlivu v\u00fdrobk\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b elektrick\u00fdch vozidel, na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2032-6653\/16\/5\/287\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hodnocen\u00ed emis\u00ed uhl\u00edku: srovn\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu (MDPI)<\/a><\/strong>Tato studie porovn\u00e1v\u00e1 emise CO\u2082 bateriov\u00fdch elektrick\u00fdch vozidel a vozidel se spalovac\u00edm motorem b\u011bhem definovan\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu a zohled\u0148uje v\u00fdrobu, v\u00fdrobu bateri\u00ed a v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transportenvironment.org\/articles\/how-clean-are-electric-cars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak \u010dist\u00e9 jsou elektromobily? (Doprava a \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed)<\/a><\/strong>Anal\u00fdza ukazuje, \u017ee elektromobily v Evrop\u011b vypou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed v pr\u016fm\u011bru v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159ikr\u00e1t m\u00e9n\u011b CO\u2082 ne\u017e srovnateln\u00e9 benzinov\u00e9 automobily, pokud se vezmou v \u00favahu v\u0161echny zdroje emis\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.visualcapitalist.com\/life-cycle-emissions-evs-vs-combustion-engine-vehicles\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Emise b\u011bhem \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu: elektromobily vs. vozidla se spalovac\u00edm motorem (Visual Capitalist)<\/a><\/strong>Grafick\u00e9 srovn\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed b\u011bhem \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu elektromobil\u016f, hybrid\u016f a spalovac\u00edch motor\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b emis\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35358517\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hodnocen\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu bateriov\u00fdch elektrick\u00fdch vozidel (PubMed)<\/a><\/strong>Dal\u0161\u00ed anal\u00fdza \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu bateriov\u00e9ho elektromobilu se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 limity a mix nab\u00edjec\u00ed elekt\u0159iny.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/sustainability\/climate-energy\/battery-electric-cars-produce-73-less-emissions-research-2025-07-08\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Elektromobily na baterie produkuj\u00ed o 73% m\u00e9n\u011b emis\u00ed - v\u00fdzkum<\/strong><\/a>Studie Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed rady pro \u010distou dopravu (ICCT) ukazuje, \u017ee elektromobily na baterie v Evrop\u011b vypou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 73 % m\u00e9n\u011b emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f ne\u017e b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 benzinov\u00e9 automobily.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2025\/jan\/24\/electric-cars-lifespans-reach-those-of-petrol-and-diesel-vehicles-in-uk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Podle studie vydr\u017e\u00ed elektromobily ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii stejn\u011b dlouho jako benzinov\u00e9 a naftov\u00e9 vozy<\/a><\/strong>: Zpr\u00e1va o studii, kter\u00e1 ukazuje, \u017ee elektromobily nyn\u00ed dosahuj\u00ed podobn\u00e9 \u017eivotnosti jako spalovac\u00ed motory, co\u017e d\u00e1le zlep\u0161uje jejich ekologick\u00fd dopad.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr \/>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"display-post-types\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#dpt-wrapper-181 { --dpt-text-align: left;--dpt-image-crop: center;--dpt-border-radius: 5px;--dpt-h-gutter: 10px;--dpt-v-gutter: 9px; }\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">#dpt-wrapper-181 { --dpt-title-font-style:normal;--dpt-title-font-weight:600;--dpt-title-line-height:1.5;--dpt-title-text-decoration:none;--dpt-title-text-transform:none;--dpt-excerpt-font-style:normal;--dpt-excerpt-font-weight:400;--dpt-excerpt-line-height:1.5;--dpt-excerpt-text-decoration:none;--dpt-excerpt-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta1-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta1-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta1-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta1-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta1-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta2-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta2-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta2-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta2-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta2-text-transform:none; }<\/style><div class=\"dpt-main-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-main-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dpt-main-title-text\">Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky o um\u011bn\u00ed a kultu\u0159e<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"dpt-wrapper-181\" class=\"dpt-wrapper dpt-mag1 land1 dpt-cropped dpt-flex-wrap\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"iran verstehen: alltag, proteste und interessen jenseits der schlagzeilen\" data-id=\"4462\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft kunst &amp; 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kultur\" data-post_tag=\"denkmodelle deutschland energiepolitik eu-gesetze europa geopolitik krisen sicherheitspolitik spieltheorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/12\/teorie-her-vysvetluje-25-let-geopolitiky-jak-evropa-ztratila-svou-strategickou-roli\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Teorie her vysv\u011btluje 25 let geopolitiky: Jak Evropa ztratila svou strategickou roli<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"765\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Teorie her vysv\u011btluje 25 let geopolitiky\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/europa-russland-spieltheorie.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/europa-russland-spieltheorie.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/europa-russland-spieltheorie-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/europa-russland-spieltheorie-768x574.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/europa-russland-spieltheorie-16x12.jpg 16w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/12\/teorie-her-vysvetluje-25-let-geopolitiky-jak-evropa-ztratila-svou-strategickou-roli\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Teorie her vysv\u011btluje 25 let geopolitiky: Jak Evropa ztratila svou strategickou roli<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"dieter hallervorden \u2013 mehr als didi: portr\u00e4t eines unbequemen freigeists\" data-id=\"4347\"  data-category=\"gesellschaft kunst &amp; kultur stories &amp; humor\" data-post_tag=\"erfahrungen meinungsfreiheit musik portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/01\/dieter-hallervorden-vice-nez-didi-portret-nepohodlneho-svobodneho-ducha\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Dieter Hallervorden - V\u00edce ne\u017e Didi: Portr\u00e9t nepohodln\u00e9ho svobodn\u00e9ho ducha<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Dieter Hallervorden a W\u00fchlm\u00e4use v Berl\u00edn\u011b\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dieter-Hallvervorden-Wuehlmaeuse.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dieter-Hallvervorden-Wuehlmaeuse.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dieter-Hallvervorden-Wuehlmaeuse-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dieter-Hallvervorden-Wuehlmaeuse-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dieter-Hallvervorden-Wuehlmaeuse-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/01\/dieter-hallervorden-vice-nez-didi-portret-nepohodlneho-svobodneho-ducha\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Dieter Hallervorden - V\u00edce ne\u017e Didi: Portr\u00e9t nepohodln\u00e9ho svobodn\u00e9ho ducha<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Je tento \u010dl\u00e1nek z\u00e1sadn\u011b proti elektromobilit\u011b?<\/strong><br \/>\nNe. \u010cl\u00e1nek nen\u00ed v\u00fdslovn\u011b nam\u00ed\u0159en proti elektromobilit\u011b jako technologii. Uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 jej\u00ed v\u00fdhody, vhodnost pro ka\u017edodenn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed a dlouhodob\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Nekritizuje elektromobilitu jako takovou, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e politick\u00e9 p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed, jednostrannou propagaci a zkratkovit\u00e9 pod\u00e1n\u00ed celkov\u00e9 bilance. Elektromobilita je zde vn\u00edm\u00e1na jako sou\u010d\u00e1st \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed - nikoli jako jedin\u00fd spasitel.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pro\u010d se klade takov\u00fd d\u016fraz na \u017eivotn\u00ed cyklus vozidla?<\/strong><br \/>\nEkologick\u00fd dopad automobilu toti\u017e neza\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 a\u017e p\u0159i jeho j\u00edzd\u011b. Velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st emis\u00ed vznik\u00e1 p\u0159i t\u011b\u017eb\u011b surovin, v\u00fdrob\u011b a p\u0159eprav\u011b. Pokud se zab\u00fdv\u00e1te pouze provozem automobilu, ignorujete z\u00e1sadn\u00ed bloky emis\u00ed a nevyhnuteln\u011b vyvozujete nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry o skute\u010dn\u00e9m dopadu na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nejsou elektromobily st\u00e1le \u010dist\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e spalovac\u00ed motory?<\/strong><br \/>\nTo do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry z\u00e1vis\u00ed na kontextu. V provozu jsou lok\u00e1ln\u011b bezemisn\u00ed, ale ne automaticky syst\u00e9mov\u011b \u010dist\u0161\u00ed. Celkovou bilanci ur\u010duje v\u00fdroba, produkce bateri\u00ed, skladba elektrick\u00e9 energie a \u017eivotnost. Za nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch podm\u00ednek m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ekologick\u00e1 v\u00fdhoda v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se \u010dasto uv\u00e1d\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pro\u010d je \u0161rotovn\u00e9 star\u00fdch vozidel vn\u00edm\u00e1no kriticky?<\/strong><br \/>\nProto\u017ee vozidlo, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e bylo vyrobeno, ji\u017e zp\u016fsobilo nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ekologick\u00e9 \u0161kody. Pokud je p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b vy\u0159azeno, vznikaj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed emise p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b n\u00e1hradn\u00edho vozidla. \u010casto m\u00e1 ekologick\u00fd smysl pou\u017e\u00edvat st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed vozidla co nejd\u00e9le.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u00e1 vysok\u00e1 hmotnost elektromobil\u016f skute\u010dn\u011b v\u00fdznam?<\/strong><br \/>\nAno, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hmotnost vede k v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu opot\u0159eben\u00ed pneumatik, vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu obsahu mechanick\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic a v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed infrastruktury. Tyto \u00fa\u010dinky jsou re\u00e1ln\u00e9, i kdy\u017e nepoch\u00e1zej\u00ed z v\u00fdfukov\u00e9ho potrub\u00ed. Fyziku nelze p\u0159eb\u00edt dobr\u00fdmi \u00famysly.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nesta\u010d\u00ed, aby byla elekt\u0159ina v ur\u010dit\u00e9m okam\u017eiku zcela obnoviteln\u00e1?<\/strong><br \/>\nZ dlouhodob\u00e9ho hlediska m\u016f\u017ee mix obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f elekt\u0159iny tuto rovnov\u00e1hu zlep\u0161it. Elektromobily v\u0161ak v sou\u010dasnosti jezd\u00ed na sou\u010dasn\u00fd mix elekt\u0159iny. Krom\u011b toho p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 probl\u00e9m volatility, z\u00e1kladn\u00edho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a infrastruktury s\u00edt\u011b. P\u0159edpoklady o budoucnosti nenahrad\u00ed anal\u00fdzu sou\u010dasnosti.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pro\u010d je popt\u00e1vka po elekt\u0159in\u011b zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 elektromobilitou prezentov\u00e1na jako probl\u00e9m?<\/strong><br \/>\nProto\u017ee dodate\u010dnou popt\u00e1vku po elekt\u0159in\u011b je t\u0159eba pokr\u00fdt v\u017edy - i v noci, v zim\u011b a v dob\u011b \u00fatlumu. Elektromobilita zvy\u0161uje \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a vy\u017eaduje roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, skladov\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny. Tato infrastruktura je n\u00e1kladn\u00e1, n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 na zdroje a je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed celkov\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1hy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>A co argument, \u017ee baterie lze recyklovat?<\/strong><br \/>\nRecyklace je technicky mo\u017en\u00e1 a rozumn\u00e1, ale n\u00e1kladn\u00e1 a energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1. Sni\u017euje pot\u0159ebu surovin v budoucnu, ale nevyma\u017ee ji\u017e vynalo\u017een\u00e9 ekologick\u00e9 n\u00e1klady. Recyklace nen\u00ed zp\u011btnou ochranou klimatu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pro\u010d mluv\u00edme o p\u0159esunu emis\u00ed nam\u00edsto o zamezen\u00ed emis\u00ed?<\/strong><br \/>\nMnoho emis\u00ed toti\u017e nezmiz\u00ed, ale p\u0159esune se na jin\u00e1 m\u00edsta - do t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edch oblast\u00ed, v\u00fdrobn\u00edch z\u00e1vod\u016f nebo elektr\u00e1ren. Emise klesaj\u00ed lok\u00e1ln\u011b, ale glob\u00e1ln\u00ed bilance je \u010dasto mnohem slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nen\u00ed lobbov\u00e1n\u00ed ve sv\u00e9 podstat\u011b problematick\u00e9?<\/strong><br \/>\nLobbing je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm organizovan\u00e9 zastupov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1jm\u016f a sou\u010d\u00e1st politick\u00fdch proces\u016f. Problematick\u00fdm se st\u00e1v\u00e1 tehdy, kdy\u017e ur\u010dit\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy po l\u00e9ta dominuj\u00ed a systematicky potla\u010duj\u00ed alternativn\u00ed pohledy. \u010cl\u00e1nek kritizuje struktury, nikoli existenci lobbingu jako takov\u00e9ho.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pro\u010d hraj\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9 term\u00edny v lobbingu tak d\u016fle\u017eitou roli?<\/strong><br \/>\nPolitick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed jsou toti\u017e \u010dasto jen vyvrcholen\u00edm mnohalet\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edprav. Studie, narativy a s\u00edt\u011b se vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed dlouho p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e je u\u010din\u011bno skute\u010dn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed. Krize pak otev\u00edraj\u00ed okna p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed, v nich\u017e lze p\u0159ipraven\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed rychle realizovat.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pro\u010d byla elektromobilita tak politicky atraktivn\u00ed?<\/strong><br \/>\nJe viditeln\u00e1, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt individualizovan\u00e1 a m\u00e1 mor\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1boj. Odpov\u011bdnost m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159enesena na jednotlivce (\u201ekupte si spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 auto\u201c) nam\u00edsto objasn\u011bn\u00ed struktur\u00e1ln\u00edch ot\u00e1zek. To usnad\u0148uje politickou komunikaci - bez ohledu na jej\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00fd syst\u00e9mov\u00fd dopad.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nepomohly dotace k rozvoji nov\u00e9 technologie?<\/strong><br \/>\nM\u00edrn\u00e9 pos\u00edlen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9. Probl\u00e9mem se st\u00e1v\u00e1, kdy\u017e se dotace stanou trval\u00fdmi a trhy bez nich ji\u017e nemohou fungovat. Vznikaj\u00ed tak z\u00e1vislosti, deformovan\u00e9 ceny a k\u0159ehk\u00e9 struktury, kter\u00e9 se po zastaven\u00ed dotac\u00ed rychle zhrout\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jak\u00e9 \u0161kody byly zp\u016fsobeny pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 politice?<\/strong><br \/>\nJednostrann\u00e1 podpora sn\u00ed\u017eila technologickou rozmanitost, znehodnotila st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed odborn\u00e9 znalosti a vytvo\u0159ila nov\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti. Pr\u016fmysl nelze libovoln\u011b reorganizovat, ani\u017e by vznikly t\u0159ec\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty. Tyto \u00fa\u010dinky se \u010dasto projev\u00ed a\u017e s \u010dasov\u00fdm odstupem.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pro\u010d je rychlost p\u0159i p\u0159estavb\u011b kriticky d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1?<\/strong><br \/>\nProto\u017ee rychlost nenahrad\u00ed strategii. P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rychl\u00e1 transformace zvy\u0161uje fale\u0161n\u00e9 podn\u011bty, sni\u017euje mo\u017enosti n\u00e1pravy a destabilizuje syst\u00e9my. Udr\u017eiteln\u00fd pokrok vy\u017eaduje realistick\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny a procesy u\u010den\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Existovaly re\u00e1ln\u00e9 alternativy k sou\u010dasn\u00e9 politice?<\/strong><br \/>\nAno, del\u0161\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch vozidel, v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zlep\u0161en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti, otev\u0159enost technologi\u00edm a pomalej\u0161\u00ed p\u0159echod by pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b m\u011bly m\u00e9n\u011b ekologick\u00fdch a ekonomick\u00fdch vedlej\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f - i kdy\u017e by nebyly tak v\u00fdrazn\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pomohla elektromobilita v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku chr\u00e1nit klima?<\/strong><br \/>\nTo je p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm sporn\u00e9. Pokud se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na celkov\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed, je docela mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee nebylo dosa\u017eeno t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdch \u010dist\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f nebo \u017ee dokonce vznikly dal\u0161\u00ed emise. Dobr\u00e9 \u00famysly nezaru\u010duj\u00ed dobrou bilanci.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jak\u00e9 je hlavn\u00ed poselstv\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku?<\/strong><br \/>\nNe odm\u00edtnut\u00ed, ale kategorizace. Elektromobilita je cenn\u00e1 technologie, ale ne v\u0161el\u00e9k. Ochrana klimatu vy\u017eaduje syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed, v\u00fdpo\u010dty \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu a trp\u011blivost. Pokroku se nedosahuje donucov\u00e1n\u00edm, ale \u017eivotaschopn\u00fdmi \u0159e\u0161en\u00edmi, kter\u00e1 obstoj\u00ed p\u0159i poctiv\u00e9m zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr \/>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"display-post-types\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#dpt-wrapper-182 { --dpt-text-align: left;--dpt-image-crop: center;--dpt-border-radius: 5px;--dpt-h-gutter: 10px;--dpt-v-gutter: 9px; }\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">#dpt-wrapper-182 { --dpt-title-font-style:normal;--dpt-title-font-weight:600;--dpt-title-line-height:1.5;--dpt-title-text-decoration:none;--dpt-title-text-transform:none;--dpt-excerpt-font-style:normal;--dpt-excerpt-font-weight:400;--dpt-excerpt-line-height:1.5;--dpt-excerpt-text-decoration:none;--dpt-excerpt-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta1-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta1-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta1-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta1-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta1-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta2-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta2-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta2-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta2-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta2-text-transform:none; }<\/style><div class=\"dpt-main-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-main-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dpt-main-title-text\">Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky o um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"dpt-wrapper-182\" class=\"dpt-wrapper dpt-mag1 land1 dpt-cropped dpt-flex-wrap\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"ki als sparringspartner nutzen: wie denken im dialog produktiver wird\" data-id=\"4121\"  data-category=\"b\u00fccher ki-systeme tipps &amp; anleitungen\" data-post_tag=\"buch datenlogik denkmodelle k\u00fcnstliche intelligenz lernen llm ratgeber sprachmodell\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/12\/pouziti-ki-jako-sparingpartnera-jak-se-mysleni-v-dialogu-stava-produktivnejsim\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Pou\u017eit\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence jako sparingpartnera: Jak se my\u0161len\u00ed v dialogu st\u00e1v\u00e1 produktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"AI jako partner pro \u00faspory\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ki-als-sparringspartner-laptop.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ki-als-sparringspartner-laptop.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ki-als-sparringspartner-laptop-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ki-als-sparringspartner-laptop-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ki-als-sparringspartner-laptop-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2025\/12\/pouziti-ki-jako-sparingpartnera-jak-se-mysleni-v-dialogu-stava-produktivnejsim\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Pou\u017eit\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence jako sparingpartnera: Jak se my\u0161len\u00ed v dialogu st\u00e1v\u00e1 produktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"digitales eigentum erkl\u00e4rt \u2013 so entstehen nachhaltige online-verm\u00f6genswerte\" data-id=\"4766\"  data-category=\"allgemein b\u00fccher featured gesellschaft ki-systeme\" data-post_tag=\"buch datenbanken denkmodelle digitales eigentum erp-software k\u00fcnstliche intelligenz prozesse publishing\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/02\/digitalni-majetek-vysvetlil-jak-se-vytvareji-udrzitelne-online-aktiva\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed - Jak se vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 online aktiva<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Co je digit\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Digitales-Eigentum.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Digitales-Eigentum.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Digitales-Eigentum-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Digitales-Eigentum-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Digitales-Eigentum-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/02\/digitalni-majetek-vysvetlil-jak-se-vytvareji-udrzitelne-online-aktiva\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed - Jak se vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 online aktiva<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"vom content zur substanz: wie digitale systeme entstehen, die nicht kopierbar sind\" data-id=\"5899\"  data-category=\"allgemein b\u00fccher gesellschaft tipps &amp; anleitungen\" data-post_tag=\"buch datenlogik denkmodelle digitales eigentum erfahrungen k\u00fcnstliche intelligenz prozesse publishing ratgeber\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/04\/od-obsahu-k-podstate-jak-se-vytvareji-digitalni-systemy-ktere-nelze-kopirovat\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Od obsahu k podstat\u011b: jak vznikaj\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 nelze kop\u00edrovat<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Syst\u00e9m m\u00edsto individu\u00e1ln\u00edho obsahu\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Organische-Reichweite.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Organische-Reichweite.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Organische-Reichweite-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Organische-Reichweite-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Organische-Reichweite-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/04\/od-obsahu-k-podstate-jak-se-vytvareji-digitalni-systemy-ktere-nelze-kopirovat\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Od obsahu k podstat\u011b: jak vznikaj\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 nelze kop\u00edrovat<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"wie tiere zeit wahrnehmen \u2013 und was das f\u00fcr die zukunft der ki bedeutet\" data-id=\"4918\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft ki-systeme\" data-post_tag=\"denkmodelle erfahrungen k\u00fcnstliche intelligenz llm portrait prozesse sprachmodell\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/02\/jak-zvirata-vnimaji-cas-a-co-to-znamena-pro-budoucnost-ki\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Jak zv\u00ed\u0159ata vn\u00edmaj\u00ed \u010das - a co to znamen\u00e1 pro budoucnost um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Zv\u00ed\u0159ata, um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence a vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasu\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Tiere-KI-Zeitwahrnehmung.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Tiere-KI-Zeitwahrnehmung.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Tiere-KI-Zeitwahrnehmung-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Tiere-KI-Zeitwahrnehmung-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Tiere-KI-Zeitwahrnehmung-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/02\/jak-zvirata-vnimaji-cas-a-co-to-znamena-pro-budoucnost-ki\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Jak zv\u00ed\u0159ata vn\u00edmaj\u00ed \u010das - a co to znamen\u00e1 pro budoucnost um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n<hr \/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek nen\u00ed ob\u017ealobou elektromobility. Nen\u00ed ani pokusem o znev\u00e1\u017een\u00ed technologick\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje, kter\u00fd mnoha lidem v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b naprosto vyhovuje. Tento text p\u00ed\u0161i proto, \u017ee mi je v posledn\u00edch letech st\u00e1le jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee mezi politick\u00fdm vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edm, vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00edm ve\u0159ejnosti a fyzickou realitou vznikla propast, kter\u00e1 se t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nikdy ... <a title=\"Jak zv\u00ed\u0159ata vn\u00edmaj\u00ed \u010das - a co to znamen\u00e1 pro budoucnost um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/2026\/02\/jak-zvirata-vnimaji-cas-a-co-to-znamena-pro-budoucnost-ki\/\" aria-label=\"\u010c\u00edst v\u00edce o Jak zv\u00ed\u0159ata vn\u00edmaj\u00ed \u010das - a co to znamen\u00e1 pro budoucnost um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence\">\u010c\u00edst d\u00e1l<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4744,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"iawp_total_views":158,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,466],"tags":[480,481,458,470,475],"class_list":["post-4729","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-allgemein","category-gesellschaft","tag-deutschland","tag-energiepolitik","tag-erfahrungen","tag-eu-gesetze","tag-europa"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4729","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4729"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4729\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5822,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4729\/revisions\/5822"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4744"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4729"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4729"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4729"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}