{"id":4079,"date":"2025-12-17T18:21:45","date_gmt":"2025-12-17T18:21:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/?p=4079"},"modified":"2026-03-24T13:47:26","modified_gmt":"2026-03-24T13:47:26","slug":"jeffrey-sachs-almanyayi-avrupanin-guevenli%cc%87gi%cc%87ni%cc%87n-neden-yeni%cc%87den-duesuenuelmesi%cc%87-gerekti%cc%87gi%cc%87-konusunda-uyariyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/12\/jeffrey-sachs-almanyayi-avrupanin-guevenli%cc%87gi%cc%87ni%cc%87n-neden-yeni%cc%87den-duesuenuelmesi%cc%87-gerekti%cc%87gi%cc%87-konusunda-uyariyor\/","title":{"rendered":"Jeffrey Sachs Almanya'y\u0131 uyar\u0131yor: Avrupa'n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi neden yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmeli?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00dcnl\u00fc ekonomist ve profes\u00f6r Jeffrey D. Sachs, Almanya Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Friedrich Merz'e yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve 17 Aral\u0131k 2025 tarihinde Berliner Zeitung'da yay\u0131nlanan a\u00e7\u0131k mektubunda, Avrupa'daki g\u00fcncel tart\u0131\u015fmalarda nadir g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir netlikle konu\u015fuyor. Sachs bir aktivist, bir partizan ya da uzaktan bir yorumcu olarak de\u011fil, onlarca y\u0131ld\u0131r uluslararas\u0131 krizlerin, g\u00fcvenlik mimarilerinin ve ekonomik \u00e7alkant\u0131lar\u0131n merkezi aray\u00fczlerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir ekonomist ve siyasi dan\u0131\u015fman olarak konu\u015fuyor. A\u00e7\u0131k mektup al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k derecede keskin bir al\u0131nt\u0131 i\u00e7eriyor:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u201eTarih \u00f6\u011frenin, Say\u0131n \u015eans\u00f6lye.\u201c<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><!--more-->Mektup, g\u00fcn\u00fcn siyasi bir m\u00fcdahalesinden ziyade tarihsel tart\u0131\u015fmalar yapan bir belge niteli\u011findedir. Sachs mektubunda h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerden ziyade Avrupa'da uzun zamand\u0131r kabul g\u00f6ren bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarz\u0131na geri d\u00f6n\u00fclmesi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor: kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 bir ili\u015fki olarak g\u00fcvenlik, bir istikrar arac\u0131 olarak diplomasi ve g\u00fcven i\u00e7in bir \u00f6n ko\u015ful olarak tarihsel d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck. Do\u011frudan Alman \u015eans\u00f6lyesine hitap etmesi, Almanya'n\u0131n Avrupa'da oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zel rol\u00fcn alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iziyor - askeri bir \u00f6nc\u00fc olarak de\u011fil ama d\u00fczenleyici, dengeleyici bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"display-post-types\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#dpt-wrapper-600 { --dpt-text-align: left;--dpt-image-crop: center;--dpt-border-radius: 5px;--dpt-h-gutter: 10px;--dpt-v-gutter: 9px; }\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">#dpt-wrapper-600 { --dpt-title-font-style:normal;--dpt-title-font-weight:600;--dpt-title-line-height:1.5;--dpt-title-text-decoration:none;--dpt-title-text-transform:none;--dpt-excerpt-font-style:normal;--dpt-excerpt-font-weight:400;--dpt-excerpt-line-height:1.5;--dpt-excerpt-text-decoration:none;--dpt-excerpt-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta1-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta1-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta1-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta1-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta1-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta2-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta2-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta2-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta2-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta2-text-transform:none; }<\/style><div class=\"dpt-main-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-main-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dpt-main-title-text\">G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn sosyal sorunlar\u0131<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"dpt-wrapper-600\" class=\"dpt-wrapper dpt-mag1 land1 dpt-cropped dpt-flex-wrap\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"wie die pandemie \u00d6konomen in bezug auf inflation, wachstum und wirtschaftliche erholung eines besseren belehrte\" data-id=\"5882\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft\" data-post_tag=\"denkmodelle deutschland energiepolitik europa geopolitik krisen\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/05\/pandemi%cc%87-ekonomi%cc%87stleri%cc%87n-enflasyon-bueyuemesi%cc%87-ve-ekonomi%cc%87k-toparlanma-konusunda-yanildiklarini-nasil-kanitladi\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Pandemi ekonomistleri enflasyon, b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve ekonomik toparlanma konusunda nas\u0131l yan\u0131ltt\u0131?<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Pandemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ekonomistlerin varsay\u0131mlar\u0131\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Pandemie-Oekonomen.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Pandemie-Oekonomen.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Pandemie-Oekonomen-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Pandemie-Oekonomen-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Pandemie-Oekonomen-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/05\/pandemi%cc%87-ekonomi%cc%87stleri%cc%87n-enflasyon-bueyuemesi%cc%87-ve-ekonomi%cc%87k-toparlanma-konusunda-yanildiklarini-nasil-kanitladi\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Pandemi ekonomistleri enflasyon, b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve ekonomik toparlanma konusunda nas\u0131l yan\u0131ltt\u0131?<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"unsterblichkeit durch technik: wie weit forschung und ki wirklich sind\" data-id=\"3624\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft ki-systeme\" data-post_tag=\"denkmodelle k\u00fcnstliche intelligenz lernen llm prozesse sprachmodell\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/11\/teknoloji%cc%87-yoluyla-oeluemsuezluek-arastirma-ve-ki%cc%87ni%cc%87n-gercekte-ne-kadar-uzakta-oldugu\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Teknoloji yoluyla \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck: Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve yapay zeka ger\u00e7ekten ne kadar ilerledi<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Dijital \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/digitale-unsterblichkeit.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/digitale-unsterblichkeit.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/digitale-unsterblichkeit-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/digitale-unsterblichkeit-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/digitale-unsterblichkeit-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/11\/teknoloji%cc%87-yoluyla-oeluemsuezluek-arastirma-ve-ki%cc%87ni%cc%87n-gercekte-ne-kadar-uzakta-oldugu\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Teknoloji yoluyla \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck: Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve yapay zeka ger\u00e7ekten ne kadar ilerledi<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"regelbasierte weltordnung und v\u00f6lkerrecht: zwischen anspruch, realit\u00e4t und rechtsbruch\" data-id=\"4275\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft\" data-post_tag=\"denkmodelle eu-gesetze europa geopolitik krisen sicherheitspolitik\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/01\/gercekli%cc%87k-ve-hukukun-i%cc%87hlali%cc%87-arasinda-kurala-dayali-duenya-duezeni%cc%87-ve-uluslararasi-hukuk\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Kurala dayal\u0131 d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeni ve uluslararas\u0131 hukuk: iddia, ger\u00e7eklik ve hukuk ihlali aras\u0131nda<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Uluslararas\u0131 hukuk ve kurallara dayal\u0131 d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeni\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/01\/gercekli%cc%87k-ve-hukukun-i%cc%87hlali%cc%87-arasinda-kurala-dayali-duenya-duezeni%cc%87-ve-uluslararasi-hukuk\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Kurala dayal\u0131 d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeni ve uluslararas\u0131 hukuk: iddia, ger\u00e7eklik ve hukuk ihlali aras\u0131nda<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"was ist brics \u2013 und was nicht: geschichte, wirtschaft und geopolitische einordnung\" data-id=\"4691\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft\" data-post_tag=\"denkmodelle deutschland europa geopolitik sicherheitspolitik\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/02\/brics-nedi%cc%87r-ve-ne-degi%cc%87ldi%cc%87r-tari%cc%87h-ekonomi%cc%87-ve-jeopoli%cc%87ti%cc%87k-siniflandirma\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">BRICS nedir ve ne de\u011fildir: tarih, ekonomi ve jeopolitik kategorizasyon<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"BRICS \u00fclkeleri\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/BRICS-Staaten.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/BRICS-Staaten.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/BRICS-Staaten-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/BRICS-Staaten-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/BRICS-Staaten-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/02\/brics-nedi%cc%87r-ve-ne-degi%cc%87ldi%cc%87r-tari%cc%87h-ekonomi%cc%87-ve-jeopoli%cc%87ti%cc%87k-siniflandirma\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">BRICS nedir ve ne de\u011fildir: tarih, ekonomi ve jeopolitik kategorizasyon<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Jeffrey Sachs ile ilgili son haberler<\/h2>\n<p><strong>15.03.2026<\/strong>Ekonomist Jeffrey Sachs bir yaz\u0131s\u0131nda <a href=\"https:\/\/www.democracynow.org\/2026\/3\/13\/jeffrey_sachs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Democracy Now'da r\u00f6portaj!<\/strong><\/a> ABD, \u0130srail ve \u0130ran aras\u0131ndaki mevcut \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma \u00fczerine. Sachs, askeri t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f\u0131 son derece ele\u015ftiriyor ve bunu bir \u201ese\u00e7im sava\u015f\u0131\u201c, yani acil bir gereklilikten kaynaklanmayan ancak kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak siyasi olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. Ona g\u00f6re bu, uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczenin temel ilkelerinin tehlikeli bir ihlalidir. Sachs, a\u00e7\u0131k bir me\u015fru m\u00fcdafaa ya da uluslararas\u0131 kurumlardan al\u0131nan bir yetki olmaks\u0131z\u0131n yap\u0131lacak bir sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n, uluslararas\u0131 hukuk ve \u00f6zellikle de Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u015eart\u0131 ile do\u011frudan bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma anlam\u0131na gelebilece\u011fini savunuyor. B\u00f6yle bir ad\u0131m\u0131n geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 olabilece\u011fi ve k\u00fcresel g\u00fcvenlik mimarisini daha da istikrars\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rabilece\u011fi uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n<div class=\"lyte-wrapper\" style=\"width:640px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_167h58WfQhI\"><div id=\"lyte_167h58WfQhI\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2F167h58WfQhI%2Fhqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/167h58WfQhI\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2F167h58WfQhI%2F0.jpg\" alt=\"YouTube video k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck resmi\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\" \/><br \/>Bu videoyu YouTube'da izleyin<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:640px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><br \/>\nEkonomist Jeffrey Sachs: ABD-\u0130srail \u201eSe\u00e7im Sava\u015f\u0131\u201c, BM T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne Sald\u0131r\u0131 \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131na Yol A\u00e7abilir | <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@DemocracyNow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Demokrasi \u015eimdi!<\/a><\/p>\n<p>R\u00f6portajda Sachs ayr\u0131ca \u0130ran ile askeri bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nemli jeopolitik riskler bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurguluyor. Sachs'a g\u00f6re sava\u015f\u0131n b\u00f6lgesel olarak yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ba\u015fka g\u00fc\u00e7leri de i\u00e7ine almas\u0131 tehlikesi var. \u00d6zellikle Orta Do\u011fu'da \u00e7ok say\u0131da devlet, \u00f6rne\u011fin askeri ittifaklar, enerji \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 ya da stratejik ittifaklar yoluyla dolayl\u0131 olarak sava\u015fa dahil olmakta ya da etkilenmektedir. Bu nedenle Sachs, bir t\u0131rmanman\u0131n nihayetinde \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fi konusunda uyar\u0131yor. Bu ba\u011flamda, b\u00f6yle bir sava\u015f\u0131n b\u00f6lgenin \u00f6tesinde k\u00fcresel siyaseti etkileyecek bir zincirleme reaksiyonu tetikleyebilece\u011finden bile s\u00f6z ediyor. Ona g\u00f6re, bu nedenle askeri t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in acilen diplomatik bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ihtiya\u00e7 duyulacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Sachs ayr\u0131ca uluslararas\u0131 politikada askeri stratejilerin genellikle uzun vadeli sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 yeterince dikkate almadan k\u0131sa vadeli hedefler pe\u015finde ko\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftirmektedir. Son y\u0131llarda Orta Do\u011fu'da ya\u015fanan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n, askeri m\u00fcdahaleler yoluyla istikrarl\u0131 siyasi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlere ula\u015fman\u0131n ne kadar zor oldu\u011funu defalarca g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini savunuyor. Bunun yerine, diplomasiye, uluslararas\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fine ve siyasi m\u00fczakerelere daha fazla g\u00fcvenilmesi gerekti\u011fini savunuyor. B\u00f6lgede s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir istikrar ancak bu t\u00fcr yakla\u015f\u0131mlarla sa\u011flanabilir. Bu nedenle Sachs mevcut durumu belirleyici bir yol ayr\u0131m\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor: ya \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma askeri olarak daha da t\u0131rmanacak ya da ilgili devletler m\u00fczakereler ve uluslararas\u0131 kurumlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla siyasi bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/03\/i%cc%87ran-i%cc%87srai%cc%87l-catismasi-bu-tirmandirma-neden-batinin-strateji%cc%87k-kabusu\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-5217\" src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Israel-Iran-Strategischer-Albtraum-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\u0130srail-\u0130ran - Stratejik Kabus\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Israel-Iran-Strategischer-Albtraum-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Israel-Iran-Strategischer-Albtraum-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Israel-Iran-Strategischer-Albtraum-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Israel-Iran-Strategischer-Albtraum.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\u0130ran ve \u0130srail aras\u0131nda t\u0131rmanan gerilim, b\u00f6lgesel \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ne kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde t\u00fcm Bat\u0131 i\u00e7in stratejik bir sorun haline gelebilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. Benim <a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/03\/i%cc%87ran-i%cc%87srai%cc%87l-catismasi-bu-tirmandirma-neden-batinin-strateji%cc%87k-kabusu\/\"><strong>\u0130ran-\u0130srail \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda makale<\/strong><\/a> Meselenin sadece iki devletle ilgili olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, Orta Do\u011fu'daki karma\u015f\u0131k g\u00fcvenlik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131, ittifaklar ve g\u00fc\u00e7 projeksiyonlar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131yla ilgili oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Do\u011frudan bir askeri \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgeyi istikrars\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rma ve k\u00fcresel enerji ve ticaret yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 sarsma potansiyeline sahip olacakt\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte tam da bu nedenle baz\u0131 stratejistler Bat\u0131l\u0131 devletler i\u00e7in bir \u201ekabus senaryosundan\u201c s\u00f6z ediyor: Kontrol edilmesi g\u00fc\u00e7 bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma, ayn\u0131 zamanda bir\u00e7ok jeopolitik cepheyi ayn\u0131 anda a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>23.01.2026<\/strong>: Jeffrey Sachs ve Glenn Diesen yak\u0131n tarihli bir s\u00f6yle\u015fide Davos'taki D\u00fcnya Ekonomik Forumu'ndan (WEF 2026) gelen siyasi sinyalleri analiz ediyor. Odak noktas\u0131 Donald Trump'\u0131n konu\u015fmas\u0131 ve Bat\u0131l\u0131 politikac\u0131lar\u0131n tepkileri. Sachs Avrupa'n\u0131n ele\u015ftirel bir resmini \u00e7iziyor: AB kendi d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131 \u015fekillendirmek yerine, y\u0131llard\u0131r kendisini g\u00f6zlemlemek ve uyum sa\u011flamakla s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131. Di\u011fer b\u00f6lgeler kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 giderek daha fazla form\u00fcle ederken, Avrupa y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmi\u015f ve ikincil konumda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<div class=\"lyte-wrapper\" style=\"width:640px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_0kYtS35HdVg\"><div id=\"lyte_0kYtS35HdVg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2F0kYtS35HdVg%2Fhqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/0kYtS35HdVg\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2F0kYtS35HdVg%2F0.jpg\" alt=\"YouTube video k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck resmi\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\" \/><br \/>Bu videoyu YouTube'da izleyin<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:640px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><br \/>\nJeffrey Sachs: Davos - Kontrolden \u00e7\u0131kan ABD imparatorlu\u011fu ve Avrupa'n\u0131n itaati | <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@GDiesenDE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Glenn Diesen<\/a><\/p>\n<p>R\u00f6portaj bu geli\u015fmeyi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc bir \u015fekilde kategorize ediyor ve mevcut jeopolitik durumun temel bir analizini sunuyor.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Tarihsel sorumluluk ve g\u00fcvenlik kavram\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Jeffrey D. Sachs <a href=\"https:\/\/www.berliner-zeitung.de\/politik-gesellschaft\/offener-brief-von-jeffrey-sachs-lernen-sie-geschichte-herr-bundeskanzler-li.10010628\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>A\u00c7IK MEKTUP<\/strong><\/a> Alman h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin g\u00fcvenlik politikas\u0131 s\u00f6ylemine temel bir ele\u015ftiri getiriyor. Sachs'a g\u00f6re Avrupa'n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fine ili\u015fkin sorumluluk, moda s\u00f6zc\u00fckler kullan\u0131larak, ahlak\u00e7\u0131 ya da normalle\u015ftirici sava\u015f s\u00f6ylemleriyle yerine getirilemez. G\u00fcvenlik tek tarafl\u0131 bir kavram de\u011fildir, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k esas\u0131na dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu ilke bir Rus ya da Amerikan s\u00f6ylemi de\u011fil, Helsinki Nihai Senedi, AG\u0130T yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve onlarca y\u0131ll\u0131k diplomaside ortaya konan, sava\u015f sonras\u0131 Avrupa d\u00fczeninin temel dayana\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Sachs'a g\u00f6re Almanya'n\u0131n bu sorumlulu\u011fu tarihsel bir d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fckle \u00fcstlenmesi gerekiyor ki bu da mevcut siyasi dilin yerine getirmedi\u011fi bir gereklilik.<\/p>\n<h3>Rusya'n\u0131n g\u00fcvenlik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 1990'dan beri g\u00f6z ard\u0131 ediliyor<\/h3>\n<p>Mektubun ana arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131ndan biri, So\u011fuk Sava\u015f'\u0131n sona ermesinden bu yana Rusya'n\u0131n temel g\u00fcvenlik kayg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n sistematik olarak g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edildi\u011fi, g\u00f6reli hale getirildi\u011fi ya da ihlal edildi\u011fi tezidir - \u00e7o\u011fu zaman Almanya'n\u0131n aktif kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ya da z\u0131mni kabul\u00fcyle. Ukrayna'daki sava\u015f\u0131n sona erdirilmesi ya da Avrupa'da kal\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma durumundan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bu tarih ne g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmeli ne de g\u00f6reli hale getirilmelidir. Sachs, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n ancak \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ger\u00e7ek nedenlerinin adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilece\u011fini vurguluyor.<\/p>\n<p>Sachs, Almanya'n\u0131n yeniden birle\u015fmesi a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak hat\u0131rl\u0131yor. Bu ba\u011flamda, Sovyet ve daha sonra Rus liderli\u011fine NATO'nun do\u011fuya do\u011fru geni\u015flemeyece\u011fine dair defalarca a\u00e7\u0131k g\u00fcvenceler verildi. Bu g\u00fcvenceler s\u0131radan a\u00e7\u0131klamalar de\u011fil, Almanya'n\u0131n NATO i\u00e7inde yeniden birle\u015fmesinin onaylanmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lan siyasi \u00e7er\u00e7evenin bir par\u00e7as\u0131yd\u0131. Almanya bu g\u00fcvencelerden \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde faydalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Sachs, bunlar\u0131n daha sonra g\u00f6receli hale getirilmesini veya inkar edilmesini tarihsel revizyonizm ve siyasi g\u00fcvenin ihlali olarak nitelendirmektedir.<\/p>\n<h3>NATO m\u00fcdahaleleri ve g\u00fcvenlik d\u00fczeninin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc<\/h3>\n<p>Mektupta 1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda NATO'nun S\u0131rbistan'a d\u00fczenledi\u011fi ve Almanya'n\u0131n da kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 hava sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na at\u0131fta bulunulmaktad\u0131r. Bu m\u00fcdahale BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi'nden yetki al\u0131nmadan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve \u00f6nceki g\u00fcvenlik d\u00fczeninin temelden ihlalini te\u015fkil etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Rusya i\u00e7in bu, NATO'nun Rusya'n\u0131n itirazlar\u0131na bakmaks\u0131z\u0131n ittifak topraklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde askeri g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanmaya haz\u0131r oldu\u011funun a\u00e7\u0131k bir i\u015faretiydi. Bu durum stratejik g\u00fcveni kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak zedelemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Sachs ayr\u0131ca ABD'nin 2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda stratejik istikrar\u0131n temel direklerinden biri olan ABM Anla\u015fmas\u0131ndan tek tarafl\u0131 olarak \u00e7ekilmesini de ele\u015ftiriyor. Almanya bu ad\u0131m\u0131 pek ele\u015ftirmemi\u015fti. F\u00fcze savunma sistemlerinin Rusya s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na yak\u0131n bir yere konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, Rusya a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak istikrar\u0131 bozucu olarak alg\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu g\u00fcvenlik kayg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00fcyle mant\u0131ks\u0131z ya da paranoyak\u00e7a diye reddetmek siyasi propagandayd\u0131 ve sorumlu diplomasiyle hi\u00e7bir ilgisi yoktu.<\/p>\n<p>Almanya'n\u0131n 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kosova'n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mas\u0131, toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ilkesinin alt\u0131n\u0131 oyan bir ba\u015fka emsal te\u015fkil etmi\u015ftir. Uzun vadeli sonu\u00e7lara ili\u015fkin uyar\u0131lar g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edildi. Burada da Rusya'n\u0131n itirazlar\u0131 ciddi bir \u015fekilde incelenmedi, aksine ahlaki a\u00e7\u0131dan gayrime\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve bunun Avrupa d\u00fczeninin istikrar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Siyasete g\u00fcven \u00fczerine g\u00fcncel anket<\/h3>\n<div class='bootstrap-yop yop-poll-mc'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"basic-yop-poll-container\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff; border:0px; border-style:solid; border-color:#000000; border-radius:5px; padding:0px 5px;\" data-id=\"1\" data-temp=\"basic-pretty\" data-skin=\"square\" data-cscheme=\"blue\" data-cap=\"0\" data-access=\"guest\" data-tid=\"\" data-uid=\"a317614bc36dda61df8a4838fa537c75\" data-pid=\"4691\" data-resdet=\"votes-number,percentages\" data-show-results-to=\"guest\" data-show-results-moment=\"after-vote\" data-show-results-only=\"false\" data-show-message=\"true\" data-show-results-as=\"bar\" data-sort-results-by=\"as-defined\" data-sort-results-rule=\"asc\"data-is-ended=\"0\" data-percentages-decimals=\"2\" data-gdpr=\"no\" data-gdpr-sol=\"consent\" data-css=\"\" data-counter=\"0\" data-load-with=\"1\" data-notification-section=\"top\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-md-12\"><div class=\"basic-inner\"><div class=\"basic-message hide\" style=\"border-left: 10px solid #008000; padding: 0px 10px;\" data-error=\"#ff0000\" data-success=\"#008000\"><p class=\"basic-message-text\" style=\"color:#000000; font-size:14px; font-weight:normal;\"><\/p><\/div><div class=\"basic-overlay hide\"><div class=\"basic-vote-options\"><\/div><div class=\"basic-preloader\"><div class=\"basic-windows8\"><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_1\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_2\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_3\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_4\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_5\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><form class=\"basic-form\" action=\"\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_token\" value=\"32e65ab284\" autocomplete=\"off\"><div class=\"basic-elements\"><div class=\"basic-element basic-question basic-question-text-vertical\" data-id=\"1\" data-uid=\"ef142a0f691c3b3ad9c9b025d41eb0d4\" data-type=\"question\" data-question-type=\"text\" data-required=\"yes\" data-allow-multiple=\"no\" data-min=\"1\" data-max=\"1\" data-display=\"vertical\" data-colnum=\"\" data-display-others=\"no\" data-others-color=\"\" data-others=\"\" data-others-max-chars=\"0\"><div class=\"basic-question-title\"><h5 style=\"color:#000000; font-size:16px; font-weight:normal; text-align:left;\">Almanya'da siyasete ve medyaya ne kadar g\u00fcveniyorsunuz?<\/h5><\/div><ul class=\"basic-answers\"><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"1\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"10\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[1]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"radio\" id=\"answer[1]\" name=\"answer[1]\" value=\"1\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">\u00c7ok y\u00fcksek - Resmi kurumlara tamamen g\u00fcveniyorum<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"2\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"26\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[2]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"radio\" id=\"answer[2]\" name=\"answer[1]\" value=\"2\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Orta - Temkinliyim, ancak temelde \u015f\u00fcpheci de\u011filim<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"3\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"55\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[3]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"radio\" id=\"answer[3]\" name=\"answer[1]\" value=\"3\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck - Bir\u00e7ok \u015feyi kendim kontrol ederim<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"4\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"253\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[4]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"radio\" id=\"answer[4]\" name=\"answer[1]\" value=\"4\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Neredeyse hi\u00e7 yok - pek \u00e7ok \u015feyin \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc veya sahnelenmi\u015f oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yorum<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-vote\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"button basic-vote-button\" role=\"button\" style=\"background:#027bb8; border:0px; border-style: solid; border-color:#1636f0; border-radius:5px; padding:10px 10px; color:#ffffff; font-size:14px; font-weight:normal;\">Oylama<\/a><\/div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"trp-form-language\" value=\"tr\"\/><\/form><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Ukrayna ve G\u00fcrcistan'\u0131n NATO'ya kat\u0131l\u0131m olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>Sachs \u00f6zellikle 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda B\u00fckre\u015f'te form\u00fcle edildi\u011fi \u015fekliyle Ukrayna ve G\u00fcrcistan'\u0131n NATO \u00fcyeli\u011fi perspektifinde \u0131srar edilmesini ele\u015ftirmektedir. Bu politika a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7izgileri a\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fc\u00e7 temel g\u00fcvenlik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 on y\u0131llar boyunca a\u00e7\u0131k ve tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ifade ederse, bunlar\u0131 kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rmezden gelmek diplomasi de\u011fil, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir bir t\u0131rmanma stratejisidir.<\/p>\n<h3>Almanya'n\u0131n 2014'ten bu yana Ukrayna'daki rol\u00fc<\/h3>\n<p>Sachs, Almanya'n\u0131n 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ukrayna'da ya\u015fanan ayaklanmalardan bu yana oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 role ayr\u0131 bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm ay\u0131rarak, Berlin'in Paris ve Var\u015fova ile birlikte 21 \u015eubat 2014 tarihinde \u015fiddeti sona erdirmeyi ve anayasal d\u00fczeni sa\u011flamay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan anla\u015fmaya arac\u0131l\u0131k etti\u011fini belirtiyor. Bu anla\u015fma birka\u00e7 saat i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc ve ard\u0131ndan \u015fiddetli bir iktidar de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ya\u015fand\u0131. Almanya yeni siyasi rejimi derhal tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f ve b\u00f6ylece daha \u00f6nce garanti alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir anla\u015fmay\u0131 fiilen terk etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>2015'te imzalanan Minsk Anla\u015fmas\u0131 II bu ihlali d\u00fczeltmeyi ve Ukrayna'n\u0131n do\u011fusundaki sava\u015f\u0131 sona erdirmeyi ama\u00e7l\u0131yordu. Almanya bir kez daha garant\u00f6r g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak hareket etti. Ancak anla\u015fma y\u0131llarca uygulanmad\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle siyasi bile\u015fenleri Kiev taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a reddedildi. Almanya bunu kabul etmi\u015fti. Sachs, Bat\u0131l\u0131 siyaset\u00e7ilerin Minsk'in \u00f6ncelikle askeri haz\u0131rl\u0131klar i\u00e7in zaman kazand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair daha sonraki itiraflar\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fcr\u00fcst bir yeniden de\u011ferlendirme gerektiren ciddi bir itiraf olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<h3>Silah teslimat\u0131, retorik ve kamuoyu manip\u00fclasyonuna y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftiriler<\/h3>\n<p>Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, daha fazla silah, daha keskin retorik ve g\u00f6steri\u015fli kararl\u0131l\u0131k talepleri Sachs'a bo\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Yak\u0131n tarihi g\u00f6rmezden gelen ve halk\u0131 ahlaki a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00e7ocukla\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan siyasi ileti\u015fimi ele\u015ftiriyor.<\/p>\n<p>Avrupa toplumlar\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik ikilemlerinin ger\u00e7ek oldu\u011funu ve askeri kararlar\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 oldu\u011funu \u00e7ok iyi anlayabilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Sachs, Almanya'n\u0131n Ostpolitik'ini stratejik olgunlu\u011fun bir ifadesi olarak hat\u0131rl\u0131yor. Diyalog, silahlar\u0131n kontrol\u00fc, ekonomik entegrasyon ve me\u015fru g\u00fcvenlik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 bir zamanlar Avrupa'n\u0131n istikrar\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftu. Bu tutum bir zay\u0131fl\u0131k de\u011fil, bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00f6n ko\u015fuluydu. Almanya bu olgunlu\u011fa geri d\u00f6nmeli ve art\u0131k sava\u015f\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz ya da ahlaki a\u00e7\u0131dan zorunlu olarak sunmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Yeni bir Avrupa g\u00fcvenlik mimarisi i\u00e7in \u00f6neriler<\/h3>\n<p>Mektup somut \u00f6nerileri form\u00fcle etmektedir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>NATO'nun do\u011fuya, \u00f6zellikle Ukrayna ve G\u00fcrcistan'a do\u011fru geni\u015flemesine son verilmesi<\/li>\n<li>Uluslararas\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik garantileri ile Ukrayna'n\u0131n tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n<li>S\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak askerden ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>M\u00fczakere edilmi\u015f bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Rus devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131na el konulmas\u0131n\u0131n reddedilmesi<\/li>\n<li>INF Anla\u015fmas\u0131 gibi silah kontrol anla\u015fmalar\u0131na geri d\u00f6n\u00fclmesi<\/li>\n<li>AG\u0130T'in Avrupa'n\u0131n merkezi g\u00fcvenlik forumu olarak g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Ekonomik rasyonalite ve Avrupa'n\u0131n stratejik \u00f6zerkli\u011fi<\/h3>\n<p>Sachs, yapt\u0131r\u0131m politikalar\u0131 ve kamula\u015ft\u0131rma benzeri \u00f6nlemlerin Avrupa ekonomisine uzun vadede verece\u011fi zarar konusunda uyar\u0131yor. Yasal ticaret ve ekonomik i\u015fbirli\u011fi ahlaki bir ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k de\u011fil, ger\u00e7ek\u00e7ili\u011fin bir ifadesidir. Stratejik \u00f6zerklik, Avrupa'n\u0131n g\u00fcvenlik d\u00fczenini kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda \u015fekillendirmesi anlam\u0131na gelir - geni\u015flemeci bir NATO mant\u0131\u011f\u0131na kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak tabi olmak de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<h3>Son \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131: Bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00f6n ko\u015fulu olarak d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck<\/h3>\n<p>Sachs s\u00f6zlerini, Federal \u015eans\u00f6lye'yi acilen tarihe d\u00fcr\u00fcst bir \u015fekilde bakmaya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rarak bitirdi. D\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck olmazsa g\u00fcven olmaz, g\u00fcven olmazsa g\u00fcvenlik olmaz ve diplomasi olmazsa Avrupa ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki felaketleri tekrarlama tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kal\u0131r. Tarih Almanya'n\u0131n neyi hat\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve neyi unuttu\u011funu yarg\u0131layacakt\u0131r. Almanya bu kez diplomasi ve bar\u0131\u015ftan yana bilin\u00e7li bir karar vermelidir.<\/p>\n<div class=\"lyte-wrapper\" style=\"width:640px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_VxI7m9rmFto\"><div id=\"lyte_VxI7m9rmFto\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2FVxI7m9rmFto%2Fhqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/VxI7m9rmFto\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2FVxI7m9rmFto%2F0.jpg\" alt=\"YouTube video k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck resmi\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\" \/><br \/>Bu videoyu YouTube'da izleyin<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:640px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><br \/>\nBar\u0131\u015f\u0131n jeopoliti\u011fi - Profes\u00f6r Jeffrey Sachs Avrupa Parlamentosu'nda | <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@MartinSonneborn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Martin Sonneborn<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Almanya'da g\u00fcvenlik politikalar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiyor<\/h3>\n<p>Jeffrey Sachs'\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k mektubunda at\u0131fta bulundu\u011fu uluslararas\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik politikas\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na paralel olarak Almanya'da da son y\u0131llarda \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fimler ya\u015fand\u0131. On y\u0131llar sonra ilk defa, s\u00f6zde <a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/10\/almanyadaki%cc%87-voltaj-duesuesue-ne-anlama-geli%cc%87yor-ve-ne-gi%cc%87bi%cc%87-somut-sonuclari-olacak\/\"><strong>Gerilim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/a> Anayasa'da yer alan ve uzun s\u00fcredir g\u00fcnl\u00fck siyasi ya\u015famdan neredeyse tamamen kaybolmu\u015f olan bir terim. \u0130\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f g\u00fcvenlik, Federal Ordu'nun rol\u00fc ve bir kriz durumunda devlet yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi konularla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda, zorunlu askerlik hizmetinin ask\u0131ya al\u0131nmas\u0131 da giderek daha fazla sorgulan\u0131r hale gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7e\u015fitli siyasi akt\u00f6rler, y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yeniden getirilmesi, k\u0131smi y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck veya geni\u015fletilmi\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck i\u00e7in modeller geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/09\/askerli%cc%87k-hi%cc%87zmeti%cc%87ne-karsi-vi%cc%87cdani%cc%87-ret-aci%cc%87l-durumlarda-ne-yapilmali\/\"><strong>Zorunlu askerlik hizmeti<\/strong><\/a> Askeri haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n gelece\u011fine ili\u015fkin tart\u0131\u015fmalar k\u0131smen a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a, k\u0131smen de yasal d\u00fczenlemeler ve \u00f6rg\u00fctsel haz\u0131rl\u0131klar yoluyla yava\u015f yava\u015f ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu tart\u0131\u015fmalar derin bir zihniyet de\u011fi\u015fimine i\u015faret ediyor: On y\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcregelen kal\u0131c\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f d\u00fczeni varsay\u0131m\u0131ndan uzakla\u015farak askeri haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kez daha norm olarak g\u00f6ren bir politikaya do\u011fru. Almanya'n\u0131n i\u00e7 siyasi geli\u015fimi tam da bu noktada Sachs'\u0131n temel ele\u015ftirisiyle kesi\u015fiyor: G\u00fcvenlik meseleleri \u00f6ncelikle askeri terimlerle \u00e7er\u00e7evelendi\u011finde siyasi ufuk daral\u0131yor. Tarihsel deneyimler, diplomatik alternatifler ve toplumsal maliyetler arka plana itiliyor; bunun da demokrasi, ekonomi ve toplumsal istikrar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 oluyor.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Olas\u0131 bir gerilim vakas\u0131 \u00fczerine g\u00fcncel ara\u015ft\u0131rma<\/h3>\n<div class='bootstrap-yop yop-poll-mc'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"basic-yop-poll-container\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff; border:0px; border-style:solid; border-color:#000000; border-radius:5px; padding:0px 5px;\" data-id=\"6\" data-temp=\"basic-pretty\" data-skin=\"square\" data-cscheme=\"blue\" data-cap=\"0\" data-access=\"guest\" data-tid=\"\" data-uid=\"3ae6e4b6ef5a663c0891b75f9f5173ad\" data-pid=\"4691\" data-resdet=\"votes-number,percentages\" data-show-results-to=\"guest\" data-show-results-moment=\"after-vote\" data-show-results-only=\"false\" data-show-message=\"true\" data-show-results-as=\"bar\" data-sort-results-by=\"as-defined\" data-sort-results-rule=\"asc\"data-is-ended=\"0\" data-percentages-decimals=\"2\" data-gdpr=\"no\" data-gdpr-sol=\"consent\" data-css=\".basic-yop-poll-container[data-uid] .basic-vote {\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\" data-counter=\"0\" data-load-with=\"1\" data-notification-section=\"top\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-md-12\"><div class=\"basic-inner\"><div class=\"basic-message hide\" style=\"border-left: 10px solid #008000; padding: 0px 10px;\" data-error=\"#ff0000\" data-success=\"#008000\"><p class=\"basic-message-text\" style=\"color:#000000; font-size:14px; font-weight:normal;\"><\/p><\/div><div class=\"basic-overlay hide\"><div class=\"basic-vote-options\"><\/div><div class=\"basic-preloader\"><div class=\"basic-windows8\"><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_1\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_2\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_3\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_4\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-wBall basic-wBall_5\"><div class=\"basic-wInnerBall\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><form class=\"basic-form\" action=\"\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_token\" value=\"9c7e3b56ce\" autocomplete=\"off\"><div class=\"basic-elements\"><div class=\"basic-element basic-question basic-question-text-vertical\" data-id=\"6\" data-uid=\"38a2261ff45455ff0dacc2359b07d418\" data-type=\"question\" data-question-type=\"text\" data-required=\"yes\" data-allow-multiple=\"no\" data-min=\"1\" data-max=\"7\" data-display=\"vertical\" data-colnum=\"\" data-display-others=\"no\" data-others-color=\"\" data-others=\"\" data-others-max-chars=\"0\"><div class=\"basic-question-title\"><h5 style=\"color:#000000; font-size:16px; font-weight:normal; text-align:left;\">Olas\u0131 bir gerilim durumuna (\u00f6rne\u011fin kriz veya sava\u015f) ki\u015fisel olarak ne kadar haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 hissediyorsunuz?<\/h5><\/div><ul class=\"basic-answers\"><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"24\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"19\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[24]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"radio\" id=\"answer[24]\" name=\"answer[6]\" value=\"24\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">\u00c7ok iyi - Malzemelerim, bilgim ve bir plan\u0131m var<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"25\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"37\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[25]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"radio\" id=\"answer[25]\" name=\"answer[6]\" value=\"25\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Olduk\u00e7a iyi - biraz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"26\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"60\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[26]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"radio\" id=\"answer[26]\" name=\"answer[6]\" value=\"26\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Pek say\u0131lmaz - umar\u0131m hi\u00e7bir \u015fey olmaz<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"27\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"13\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[27]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"radio\" id=\"answer[27]\" name=\"answer[6]\" value=\"27\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">Hi\u00e7 de de\u011fil - konuyu kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak bast\u0131r\u0131yorum<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><li class=\"basic-answer\" style=\"padding:0px 0px;\" data-id=\"28\" data-type=\"text\" data-vn=\"17\" data-color=\"#000000\" data-make-link=\"no\" data-link=\"\"><div class=\"basic-answer-content basic-text-vertical\"><label for=\"answer[28]\" class=\"basic-answer-label\"><input type=\"radio\" id=\"answer[28]\" name=\"answer[6]\" value=\"28\"><span class=\"basic-text\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;\">\"Voltaj d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\" nedir ki zaten?<\/span><\/label><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"basic-vote\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"button basic-vote-button\" role=\"button\" style=\"background:#027bb8; border:0px; border-style: solid; border-color:#000000; border-radius:5px; padding:10px 10px; color:#ffffff; font-size:14px; font-weight:normal;\">Oylama<\/a><\/div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"trp-form-language\" value=\"tr\"\/><\/form><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>K\u0131sa profil: Prof Jeffrey D. Sachs kimdir?<\/h2>\n<p>Jeffrey D. Sachs, ABD'li bir ekonomist ve kalk\u0131nma ekonomisi ve uluslararas\u0131 politika dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alan\u0131nda en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f kamu entelekt\u00fcellerinden biridir. Kendisi \u015fu anda <a href=\"https:\/\/csd.columbia.edu\/sachs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>\u00dcniversite Profes\u00f6r\u00fc<\/strong><\/a> (Columbia \u00dcniversitesi'ndeki en y\u00fcksek akademik r\u00fctbe) ve New York'taki Columbia \u00dcniversitesi'nde S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Kalk\u0131nma Merkezi Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>Ayn\u0131 zamanda BM S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Kalk\u0131nma \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri A\u011f\u0131 (SDSN) Ba\u015fkan\u0131d\u0131r ve BM Genel Sekreteri Ant\u00f3nio Guterres'in SDG Avukat\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere BM ile ilgili komitelerde g\u00f6rev yapmaktad\u0131r. 2002'den 2016'ya kadar Columbia \u00dcniversitesi'ndeki D\u00fcnya Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc'n\u00fcn ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>K\u00f6keni ve erken kal\u0131plama<\/h3>\n<p>Sachs 1954 y\u0131l\u0131nda Detroit'te (Michigan) do\u011fdu ve Oak Park banliy\u00f6s\u00fcnde b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. Daha sonra <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jeffrey_Sachs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Biyografiler<\/strong><\/a> B\u00f6lgedeki sosyal gerilimler ve e\u015fitsizliklerin (Detroit isyanlar\u0131 dahil), yoksulluk ve refah aras\u0131ndaki u\u00e7urumun erken bir a\u015famada fark\u0131na varmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla vurgulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Joan (k\u0131zl\u0131k soyad\u0131 Abrams) ve bir i\u015f\u00e7i avukat\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanan Theodore Sachs'\u0131n o\u011fludur; Sachs da genellikle Yahudi bir ailede b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f olarak tasvir edilir.<\/p>\n<h3>E\u011fitim: Harvard, ve rekor h\u0131zda<\/h3>\n<p>Sachs'\u0131n akademik kariyeri son derece basit: Harvard \u00dcniversitesi'nde okuyan Sachs, lisans (1976, summa cum laude), y\u00fcksek lisans (1978) ve doktoras\u0131n\u0131 (1980) ekonomi alan\u0131nda tamamlayarak mezun oldu.<\/p>\n<p>Hen\u00fcz y\u00fcksek lisans \u00f6\u011frencisiyken Harvard Society of Fellows'a kabul edildi ve bu onun istisnai bir yetenek olarak \u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn erken bir i\u015faretiydi.<\/p>\n<h3>Harvard y\u0131llar\u0131: \u201eY\u0131ld\u0131z ekonomist\u201c stat\u00fcs\u00fcne y\u00fckseli\u015f\u201c<\/h3>\n<p>Sachs 1980 y\u0131l\u0131nda Harvard'a \u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6revlisi olarak gelmi\u015f, \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde terfi etmi\u015f ve gen\u00e7 ya\u015fta kadrolu profes\u00f6rl\u00fck unvan\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha sonra Galen L. Stone Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Profes\u00f6r\u00fc oldu ve uluslararas\u0131 siyasi dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131kla yak\u0131ndan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 program ve enstit\u00fclerin ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n<p>Bu a\u015famada, sadece teorik olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda krizlerde h\u00fck\u00fcmetlere do\u011frudan tavsiyelerde bulunan bir ekonomist olarak \u00fcn\u00fc artt\u0131 - net, genellikle tavizsiz reform \u00f6nerileriyle.<\/p>\n<h3>1980\u201eler\/1990\u201clar: \"\u015eok Terapi\" ve onu \u00e7evreleyen tart\u0131\u015fmalar<\/h3>\n<p>Sachs, ekonomik \u00e7alkant\u0131lar s\u0131ras\u0131nda - \u00f6rne\u011fin hiperenflasyonun ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkelerde veya planl\u0131 ekonomiden piyasa ekonomisine ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinde - dan\u0131\u015fman olarak oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rolle uluslararas\u0131 alanda tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Pek \u00e7ok anlat\u0131da, genellikle \u201e\u015fok terapi\u201c terimi alt\u0131nda \u00f6zetlenen h\u0131zl\u0131 istikrar politikas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen temsilcilerinden biri olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r (h\u0131zl\u0131 fiyat\/kur reformlar\u0131, kat\u0131 mali disiplin, h\u0131zl\u0131 sistem de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi).<\/p>\n<p>Daha da \u00f6nemlisi, bu a\u015fama g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 olmaya devam etmektedir. Destek\u00e7iler tek tek \u00fclkelerin istikrar ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131na i\u015faret ederken, ele\u015ftirmenler \u00f6zellikle eski Sovyetler Birli\u011fi'ndeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda ya\u015fanan sosyal zorluklar\u0131, siyasi yan etkileri ve yanl\u0131\u015f te\u015fvikleri vurgulamaktad\u0131r. Sachs'\u0131n ad\u0131 bu tart\u0131\u015fmada hem akademik hem de siyasi tart\u0131\u015fmalarda d\u00fczenli olarak sembolik bir fig\u00fcr olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Columbia'ya ta\u015f\u0131nmak: Bir ya\u015fam i\u015fi olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nma<\/h3>\n<p>Sachs 2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda Columbia \u00dcniversitesi'ne ge\u00e7ti. Burada D\u00fcnya Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc'ne ba\u015fkanl\u0131k etti (2002-2016) ve \u015fimdi de S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Kalk\u0131nma Merkezi'ne ba\u015fkanl\u0131k ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>O zamandan bu yana \u201esaf makroekonomi \u201cden ziyade s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nma, yoksullu\u011fun azalt\u0131lmas\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k, iklim, altyap\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi konular\u0131na odaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu durum, ara\u015ft\u0131rma, politika tavsiyesi ve kamu ileti\u015fiminin i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7ti\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck programlar\u0131n yazar\u0131 ve organizat\u00f6r\u00fc olarak \u00fcstlendi\u011fi rolle de \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n<h3>Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler'deki rol\u00fc: BKH'ler, SKH'ler ve siyasi etki<\/h3>\n<p>Sachs uzun y\u0131llar boyunca BM ba\u011flam\u0131nda aktif olmu\u015ftur: di\u011fer \u015feylerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, bir\u00e7ok BM Genel Sekreterinin dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r ve Milenyum Kalk\u0131nma Hedefleri (MDGs) ve daha sonra S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Kalk\u0131nma Hedefleri (SDGs) ba\u011flam\u0131nda bi\u00e7imlendirici bir ses olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu\u011fu SDSN (BM S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Kalk\u0131nma \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri A\u011f\u0131) bir t\u00fcr k\u00f6pr\u00fcd\u00fcr: Ama\u00e7, bilim, sivil toplum, i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131 ve siyasetin birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak SKH hedeflerine y\u00f6nelik uygulanabilir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri te\u015fvik etmesidir.<\/p>\n<h3>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kamusal etki: yazar, yorumcu, kutupla\u015fma<\/h3>\n<p>Sachs son y\u0131llarda sadece bir kalk\u0131nma ekonomisti olarak de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda jeopolitik, sava\u015f ve uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczen konular\u0131nda siyasi bir yorumcu olarak da ad\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ettiriyor. \u0130zleyici kitlesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca g\u00fcvenlik mimarileri, diplomasi ve \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n dengelenmesi yoluyla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilece\u011fini s\u0131k s\u0131k vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu durum ya onay ya da sert ele\u015ftirilerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131. Sachs'\u0131n bu s\u00f6zleriyle tepki \u00e7ekmesi \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fil: Sachs nadiren man\u015fet modunda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, daha ziyade uzun \u00e7izgiler, g\u00fc\u00e7 mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tarihsel yol ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda konu\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Sachs'\u0131n izledi\u011fi yolu \u00f6zetleyecek olursak, ortaya net bir model \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor:<\/p>\n<p>Kendisi \u201esaf bir \u00fcniversite ekonomisti\u201c de\u011fil, tarihin makine dairesindeki bir ekonomisttir - \u00f6nce parasal ve sistemik krizlerde, daha sonra k\u00fcresel yoksulluk ve kalk\u0131nma g\u00fcndemlerinde ve bug\u00fcn giderek artan bir \u015fekilde g\u00fcvenlik d\u00fczeni ve diplomasinin temel sorular\u0131nda. Onun g\u00fcc\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck resimdir; riski ise b\u00fcy\u00fck resimle ilgili konular\u0131n hararetli tart\u0131\u015fmalarda h\u0131zla \u201epartizanl\u0131k\u201c olarak yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"display-post-types\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#dpt-wrapper-601 { --dpt-text-align: left;--dpt-image-crop: center;--dpt-border-radius: 5px;--dpt-h-gutter: 10px;--dpt-v-gutter: 10px; }\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">#dpt-wrapper-601 { --dpt-title-font-style:normal;--dpt-title-font-weight:600;--dpt-title-line-height:1.5;--dpt-title-text-decoration:none;--dpt-title-text-transform:none;--dpt-excerpt-font-style:normal;--dpt-excerpt-font-weight:400;--dpt-excerpt-line-height:1.5;--dpt-excerpt-text-decoration:none;--dpt-excerpt-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta1-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta1-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta1-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta1-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta1-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta2-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta2-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta2-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta2-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta2-text-transform:none; }<\/style><div class=\"dpt-main-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-main-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dpt-main-title-text\">Tav\u0131r sahibi insan portreleri<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"dpt-wrapper-601\" class=\"dpt-wrapper dpt-mag1 land1 dpt-cropped dpt-flex-wrap\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"helge schneider: haltung, humor und die freiheit, sich nicht erkl\u00e4ren zu m\u00fcssen\" data-id=\"4756\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft kunst &amp; kultur\" data-post_tag=\"deutschland erfahrungen meinungsfreiheit musik portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/02\/helge-schneider-tavri-mi%cc%87zah-ve-kendi%cc%87ni%cc%87-aciklamak-zorunda-olmama-oezguerluegue\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Helge Schneider: Tav\u0131r, mizah ve kendini a\u00e7\u0131klamak zorunda olmama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Helge Schneider Portre\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Helge-Schneider.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Helge-Schneider.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Helge-Schneider-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Helge-Schneider-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Helge-Schneider-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/02\/helge-schneider-tavri-mi%cc%87zah-ve-kendi%cc%87ni%cc%87-aciklamak-zorunda-olmama-oezguerluegue\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Helge Schneider: Tav\u0131r, mizah ve kendini a\u00e7\u0131klamak zorunda olmama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"wie tiere zeit wahrnehmen \u2013 und was das f\u00fcr die zukunft der ki bedeutet\" data-id=\"4918\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft ki-systeme\" data-post_tag=\"denkmodelle erfahrungen k\u00fcnstliche intelligenz llm portrait prozesse sprachmodell\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/02\/hayvanlarin-zamani-nasil-algiladigi-ve-bunun-kinin-gelecegi-icin-ne-anlama-geldigi\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Hayvanlar zaman\u0131 nas\u0131l alg\u0131l\u0131yor - ve bu yapay zekan\u0131n gelece\u011fi i\u00e7in ne anlama geliyor?<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Hayvanlar, yapay zeka ve zaman alg\u0131s\u0131\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Tiere-KI-Zeitwahrnehmung.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Tiere-KI-Zeitwahrnehmung.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Tiere-KI-Zeitwahrnehmung-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Tiere-KI-Zeitwahrnehmung-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Tiere-KI-Zeitwahrnehmung-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/02\/hayvanlarin-zamani-nasil-algiladigi-ve-bunun-kinin-gelecegi-icin-ne-anlama-geldigi\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Hayvanlar zaman\u0131 nas\u0131l alg\u0131l\u0131yor - ve bu yapay zekan\u0131n gelece\u011fi i\u00e7in ne anlama geliyor?<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"mehr als punk: nina hagen, cosma shiva und die kunst, sich nicht vereinnahmen zu lassen\" data-id=\"4521\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft kunst &amp; kultur\" data-post_tag=\"auswandern deutschland erfahrungen europa krisen meinungsfreiheit musik portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/01\/punktan-daha-fazlasi-nina-hagen-cosma-shiva-ve-aldanmama-sanati\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Punk'tan daha fazlas\u0131: Nina Hagen, Cosma Shiva ve kendini kapt\u0131rmama sanat\u0131<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Nina ve Cosma Shiva Hagen&#039;in Portresi\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nina-Cosma-Shiva-Hagen-Titel.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nina-Cosma-Shiva-Hagen-Titel.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nina-Cosma-Shiva-Hagen-Titel-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nina-Cosma-Shiva-Hagen-Titel-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nina-Cosma-Shiva-Hagen-Titel-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/01\/punktan-daha-fazlasi-nina-hagen-cosma-shiva-ve-aldanmama-sanati\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Punk'tan daha fazlas\u0131: Nina Hagen, Cosma Shiva ve kendini kapt\u0131rmama sanat\u0131<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"ulrike gu\u00e9rot: eine europ\u00e4erin zwischen idee, universit\u00e4t und \u00f6ffentlichem diskurs\" data-id=\"4039\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft kunst &amp; kultur\" data-post_tag=\"denkmodelle deutschland europa geopolitik krisen meinungsfreiheit portrait sicherheitspolitik spieltheorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/12\/ulrike-guerot-ueni%cc%87versi%cc%87te-fi%cc%87kri%cc%87-ve-kamusal-soeylem-arasinda-bi%cc%87r-avrupali\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Ulrike Gu\u00e9rot: Fikir, \u00fcniversite ve kamusal s\u00f6ylem aras\u0131nda bir Avrupal\u0131<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Ulrike Gu\u00e9rot ve Avrupa\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ulrike-guerot-portrait.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ulrike-guerot-portrait.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ulrike-guerot-portrait-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ulrike-guerot-portrait-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ulrike-guerot-portrait-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/12\/ulrike-guerot-ueni%cc%87versi%cc%87te-fi%cc%87kri%cc%87-ve-kamusal-soeylem-arasinda-bi%cc%87r-avrupali\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Ulrike Gu\u00e9rot: Fikir, \u00fcniversite ve kamusal s\u00f6ylem aras\u0131nda bir Avrupal\u0131<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Bir bak\u0131\u015fta a\u00e7\u0131k mektubun t\u00fcm noktalar\u0131<\/h2>\n<div style=\"overflow: auto;\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th>Zaman \/ Faz<\/th>\n<th>Sachs'\u0131n ele\u015ftirdikleri<\/th>\n<th>Sachs ne talep ediyor<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>1990 (yeniden birle\u015fme \/ So\u011fuk Sava\u015f'\u0131n sona ermesi)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>NATO'nun do\u011fuya do\u011fru geni\u015flemeyece\u011fine dair verilen g\u00fcvenceler daha sonra g\u00f6reli hale getirilmi\u015f veya \u201eba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olmayan\u201c olarak sunulmu\u015ftur.<br \/>\nBu durum g\u00fcveni zedelemi\u015ftir.<\/td>\n<td>Taahh\u00fctler ve bunlar\u0131n siyasi \u00f6nemi konusunda tarihsel d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck; g\u00fcvenlik garantilerinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 bir ilke olarak kabul edilmesi<br \/>\n(G\u00fcvenlik \u201eb\u00f6l\u00fcnemez\u201c).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>1999 (S\u0131rbistan'a kar\u015f\u0131 NATO hava sava\u015f\u0131)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Almanya'n\u0131n BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi yetkisi olmadan NATO bombard\u0131manlar\u0131na kat\u0131lmas\u0131; NATO'nun kendi topraklar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanabilece\u011finin sinyali<br \/>\nRusya'n\u0131n itirazlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen.<\/td>\n<td>Kurallara dayal\u0131 bir g\u00fcvenlik d\u00fczenine geri d\u00f6n\u00fclmesi (BM\/OSCE mant\u0131\u011f\u0131); \u015fiddetin normal bir ara\u00e7 haline getirilmemesi; g\u00fcven art\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nlemler yerine<br \/>\nEmsaller olu\u015fturun.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>2002 (ABM Anla\u015fmas\u0131 \/ f\u00fcze savunmas\u0131)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>ABD ABM Antla\u015fmas\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilir; Almanya ciddi bir itirazda bulunmaz. Rusya'ya yak\u0131n f\u00fcze savunmas\u0131 konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\/planlanmas\u0131<br \/>\nS\u0131n\u0131rlar istikrar\u0131 bozucu olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/td>\n<td>Esnek bir silah kontrol mimarisinin yeniden in\u015fas\u0131; g\u00fcvenlik kayg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u201eparanoya\u201c olarak de\u011ferlendirilmemesi; stratejik istikrar\u0131n<br \/>\nTemel hedefi tedavi edin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>2008 (Kosova'n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Emsal te\u015fkil edece\u011fi ve toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne zarar verece\u011fi uyar\u0131lar\u0131na ra\u011fmen Kosova'n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131.<\/td>\n<td>Bat\u0131l\u0131 emsallerin d\u00fcr\u00fcst\u00e7e tan\u0131nmas\u0131; se\u00e7ici ilkeler yerine uluslararas\u0131 hukuk kapsam\u0131nda anla\u015f\u0131labilir tutarl\u0131 d\u00fczenleyici politika.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>2008 (B\u00fckre\u015f NATO Zirvesi: Ukrayna\/G\u00fcrcistan perspektifi)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Rusya'n\u0131n tekrarlanan uzun vadeli uyar\u0131lar\u0131na (k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7izgiler) ra\u011fmen Ukrayna ve G\u00fcrcistan'\u0131n NATO \u00fcyeli\u011fi beklentilerine y\u00f6nelik siyasi taahh\u00fct.<\/td>\n<td>NATO'nun do\u011fuya do\u011fru geni\u015flemesine (Ukrayna, G\u00fcrcistan ve di\u011fer s\u0131n\u0131r devletleri) kesin bir son verilmesi; yap\u0131sal netlik yoluyla gerilimin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u015eubat 2014 (Kiev: 21 \u015eubat tarihli Anla\u015fma)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Almanya gerilimin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 ve anayasal d\u00fczenin korunmas\u0131 konusunda arabuluculuk yapar\/anla\u015fma sa\u011flar; anla\u015fma saatler i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u00f6ker,<br \/>\nBir iktidar de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi oldu; Almanya yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmeti derhal tan\u0131d\u0131.<\/td>\n<td>Taahh\u00fctle tutarl\u0131 diplomasi; garantiler sonu\u00e7suz kalmamal\u0131; siyasi d\u00fczen meselelerini sadece \u201edaha fazla\" yerine ciddiye almal\u0131<br \/>\nbir sonraki ad\u0131ma\u201c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>2015-2022 (garanti modeli olarak Minsk II)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Minsk II y\u0131llarca uygulanmayacakt\u0131; siyasi bile\u015fenler reddedilecekti; Almanya uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamayacakt\u0131. Daha sonra<br \/>\nMinsk'in daha \u00e7ok bir \u201ezaman kazan\u0131m\u0131\u201c oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar ciddi bir g\u00fcven ihlalidir.<\/td>\n<td>Minsk'in d\u00fcr\u00fcst\u00e7e yeniden de\u011ferlendirilmesi; taktiksel manevralar yerine bir bar\u0131\u015f arac\u0131 olarak diplomasi; ger\u00e7ek uygulama ile gelecekteki m\u00fczakere \u00e7er\u00e7evesi<br \/>\nve do\u011frulanabilir mekanizmalar.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>2022'den beri (Ukrayna sava\u015f\u0131 \/ t\u0131rmanma dinamikleri)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Daha fazla silaha, daha keskin retori\u011fe ve \u201ekararl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa\u201c odaklanma; ge\u00e7mi\u015f tarihi g\u00f6rmezden gelme; ahlaki basitle\u015ftirmeler (\u201e\u00e7ocukla\u015ft\u0131rma\u201c)<br \/>\nayd\u0131nlanma yerine.<\/td>\n<td>Ger\u00e7ek diplomasiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f (halkla ili\u015fkiler de\u011fil); g\u00fcvenlik ikilemlerinin tan\u0131nmas\u0131; sembolik siyaset yerine siyasi mimari yoluyla gerilimin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Avrupa'da g\u00fcvenlik d\u00fczeni<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>G\u00fcvenlik \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde NATO mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor; AG\u0130T marjinalle\u015ftiriliyor; Avrupa stratejisi \u00e7ok fazla ittifak sloganlar\u0131\/geni\u015fleme mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u015fekillendiriliyor.<\/td>\n<td>AG\u0130T'in merkezi bir forum olarak g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi; \u201eAvrupa \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na dayal\u0131\u201c bir Avrupa g\u00fcvenlik d\u00fczeninin kurulmas\u0131 (stratejik \u00f6zerklik) ve<br \/>\nRusya'y\u0131 d\u0131\u015flamak yerine dahil edin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k ve asker konu\u015fland\u0131rma<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Avrupa birliklerinin Ukrayna i\u00e7inde\/ yak\u0131n\u0131nda konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin tart\u0131\u015fma; Sachs'\u0131n bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re bu b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeyi derinle\u015ftirecek ve sava\u015f\u0131 uzatacakt\u0131r.<\/td>\n<td>G\u00fcvenilir uluslararas\u0131 garantilerle Ukrayna'n\u0131n tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131; ileri konu\u015flanma yerine kabul edilmi\u015f g\u00fcvenlik d\u00fczenlemeleri yoluyla istikrar.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Askeri m\u00fctekabiliyet \/ s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgeleri<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>S\u0131n\u0131rlara yak\u0131n silahlanma ve konu\u015flanma (f\u00fcze sistemleri dahil); tek tarafl\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi.<\/td>\n<td>Do\u011frulanabilir anla\u015fmalar yoluyla s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak askerden ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131: Rus g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin NATO s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndan ve NATO sistemlerinin<br \/>\nRus s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 (m\u00fctekabiliyet).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar bar\u0131\u015f getirmeyecek ve Avrupa ekonomisine \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde zarar verecekti; \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yerine sertle\u015fmeye yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131.<\/td>\n<td>M\u00fczakere edilmi\u015f bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 kademeli olarak kald\u0131r\u0131n; ekonomik ger\u00e7ek\u00e7ili\u011fi ve s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye dayal\u0131 ticareti yeniden tesis edin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Rus devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131na el konulmas\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u201eRus devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131na \u201cpervas\u0131zca\u2019 el konulmas\u0131; Sachs'\u0131n bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re uluslararas\u0131 hukukun a\u00e7\u0131k bir ihlali ve k\u00fcresel g\u00fcvenin sars\u0131lmas\u0131<br \/>\nfinansal sistem.<\/td>\n<td>Almanya bu t\u00fcr \u00f6nlemleri reddetmeli; yasal kesinli\u011fi korumal\u0131; ekonomik iyile\u015fmeyi yasal, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye dayal\u0131 ticaret yerine<br \/>\nKamula\u015ft\u0131rma mant\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Silahlar\u0131n kontrol\u00fc (INF ve n\u00fckleer istikrar)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Merkezi silah kontrol \u00e7er\u00e7evelerinin a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131; istikrar sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 anla\u015fmalara d\u00f6n\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok az bask\u0131; artan t\u0131rmanma riski.<\/td>\n<td>INF benzeri \u00e7er\u00e7evelere ve n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n kontrol\u00fcne ili\u015fkin kapsaml\u0131 stratejik m\u00fczakerelere geri d\u00f6n\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in bask\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 (ABD\/Rusya, daha sonra<br \/>\n\u00c7in, e\u011fer varsa).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Avrupa cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \/ Fransa<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Net bir savunma s\u0131n\u0131rlamas\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131; tehdit olarak hareket eden geli\u015fmi\u015f sistemler tehlikesi.<\/td>\n<td>Fransa, n\u00fckleer cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bir Avrupa \u015femsiyesi olarak geni\u015fletebilir - ancak Rusya'n\u0131n ileri konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sistemleri olmadan, tamamen savunma ama\u00e7l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde<br \/>\ntehdit ediyor.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Kosova-Ukrayna analojisi \/ s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Bat\u0131 politikas\u0131n\u0131n kendisi de s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesine katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftur; yine de s\u0131k s\u0131k bunun tek tarafl\u0131 olarak \u201ed\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez\u201c oldu\u011fu iddia edilmektedir.<\/td>\n<td>Emsallerin ve benzerliklerin d\u00fcr\u00fcst\u00e7e tan\u0131nmas\u0131; kapsay\u0131c\u0131 hedef olarak bar\u0131\u015f; ahlaki a\u00e7\u0131dan se\u00e7ici olmak yerine ilkelerin tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131<br \/>\nhakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Bu mektup neden bir d\u0131\u015f politika yorumundan daha fazlas\u0131d\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<p>Jeffrey Sachs'\u0131n \u015eans\u00f6lye Merz'e yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k mektup m\u00fcnferit bir a\u00e7\u0131klama olmay\u0131p uluslararas\u0131 hukuk, g\u00fcvenlik mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve siyasi g\u00fcvenilirlik konular\u0131ndaki daha geni\u015f bir tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Bu sorular\u0131 daha derinlemesine incelemek isterseniz, ek makalede daha fazla bilgi bulabilirsiniz <a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/01\/gercekli%cc%87k-ve-hukukun-i%cc%87hlali%cc%87-arasinda-kurala-dayali-duenya-duezeni%cc%87-ve-uluslararasi-hukuk\/\"><em><strong>\u201eKurala dayal\u0131 d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeni ve uluslararas\u0131 hukuk: iddia, ger\u00e7eklik ve hukuk ihlali aras\u0131nda\u201c<\/strong> <\/em><\/a>altta yatan yap\u0131lar\u0131n sistematik bir kategorizasyonu. Ayr\u0131ca Jeffrey Sachs'\u0131n kendi pozisyonunu sakin, analitik bir \u015fekilde ve siyasi laf kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapmadan a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 detayl\u0131 bir video konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7eriyor. Makale, hukuk ihlallerinin kabul edilmi\u015f bir uygulama oldu\u011fu ilan edildi\u011finde normatif s\u00f6z da\u011farc\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar \u00e7abuk bo\u015f bir form\u00fcle d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n<p>Jeffrey Sachs'\u0131n bu mektupta form\u00fcle etti\u011fi \u015fey, di\u011fer alanlarda da g\u00f6zlemlenebilecek daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir geli\u015fmeye \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde uymaktad\u0131r. Oyun teorisi \u00fczerine daha \u00f6nce yay\u0131nlanan makalede <a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/12\/oyun-teori%cc%87si%cc%87-25-yillik-jeopoli%cc%87ti%cc%87gi%cc%87-acikliyor-avrupa-strateji%cc%87k-roluenue-nasil-kaybetti%cc%87\/\"><strong>Avrupa kararlar\u0131n\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131<\/strong><\/a> Avrupa'n\u0131n k\u0131sa vadeli ittifak mant\u0131klar\u0131, sembolik kararl\u0131l\u0131k ve ikili dost-d\u00fc\u015fman anlat\u0131lar\u0131 lehine eski \u015fekillendirici akt\u00f6r rol\u00fcn\u00fc nas\u0131l giderek terk etti\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi. Sachs esasen tam da bu mekanizmay\u0131, sadece g\u00fcvenlik mimarisi perspektifinden tan\u0131ml\u0131yor: kararlar art\u0131k uzun vadeli istikrar temelinde de\u011fil, siyasi beklentiler ve ahlaki basitle\u015ftirmeler temelinde al\u0131n\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Bir bak\u0131\u015f <a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/12\/alman-ekonomi%cc%87si%cc%87ni%cc%87n-durumu-2025-kri%cc%87zi%cc%87n-bes-yili-rakamlar-trendler-ve-goeruenuem\/\"><strong>2025'te Alman ekonomisi<\/strong><\/a> bu resme uymaktad\u0131r. Ekonomik \u00f6z, end\u00fcstriyel esneklik ve g\u00fcvenilir \u00e7er\u00e7eve ko\u015fullar\u0131 jeopolitik kararlardan kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak ayr\u0131 tutulamaz. G\u00fcvenli\u011fi yaln\u0131zca askeri terimlerle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen herkes, ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan kendine zarar verme riskiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131r. Sachs, devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131na el konulmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 uyar\u0131da bulunurken, yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan verimsiz olarak tan\u0131mlarken ve uluslararas\u0131 kurallara olan g\u00fcvenin erozyonuna i\u015faret ederken bu ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade etmektedir. Bu bir itaat \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fil, hem diplomasinin hem de i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir nitelik olan \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirlik \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Sachs'\u0131n temelde yeni bir \u015fey talep etmemesi de dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. Tam tersine, mektubu Avrupa'y\u0131 onlarca y\u0131ld\u0131r ayakta tutan ilkeleri hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor. Ostpolitik, silahlar\u0131n kontrol\u00fc, bir istikrar arac\u0131 olarak tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k, AG\u0130T gibi \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 forumlar - bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7biri egzotik fikirler de\u011fil, sava\u015f sonras\u0131 Avrupa tarihinin kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f unsurlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn s\u0131kl\u0131kla naif ya da modas\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015f olarak g\u00f6sterilmeleri, etkinliklerinden ziyade siyasi tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n durumu hakk\u0131nda fikir vermektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Mektubun bu kadar rahats\u0131z edici ve ayn\u0131 zamanda bu kadar gerekli olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni de tam olarak budur. Karma\u015f\u0131k ili\u015fkilerin k\u0131sa ahlaki form\u00fcllere indirgenmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki mevcut e\u011filimi k\u0131r\u0131yor. Sachs Avrupa kamuoyunun olgunla\u015fmam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu varsaym\u0131yor, g\u00fcvenlik ikilemlerini anlayabileceklerine g\u00fcveniyor. Bu tutum, giderek daha fazla basitle\u015ftirmeye, duygusalla\u015ft\u0131rmaya ve alternatifsizli\u011fe dayanan siyasi ileti\u015fimle tezat olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu anlamda a\u00e7\u0131k mektup sadece belirli siyasi kararlara y\u00f6nelik bir ele\u015ftiri de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda Avrupa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin durumuna ili\u015fkin dolayl\u0131 bir yorumdur. Avrupa'n\u0131n bir kez daha ger\u00e7ek anlamda sorumluluk \u00fcstlenmeye haz\u0131r olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorusunu ortaya atmaktad\u0131r: g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc de\u011fil, stratejik itidal; t\u0131rmanma de\u011fil, d\u00fczen; tarihi unutma de\u011fil, hat\u0131rlama.<\/p>\n<p>Bu sorulara kulak verilip verilmeyece\u011fini zaman g\u00f6sterecek. Ancak bu sorular\u0131n sorulmas\u0131 sadece Avrupa g\u00fcvenlik d\u00fczeni i\u00e7in de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda Avrupa'n\u0131n uzun zamand\u0131r \u00fczerinde y\u00fckseldi\u011fi ekonomik, siyasi ve sosyal istikrar i\u00e7in de gerekli bir ilk ad\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Uluslararas\u0131 hukuk ve \u201ekurallara dayal\u0131 d\u00fczen\u201c - iddia ve ger\u00e7eklik<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/01\/gercekli%cc%87k-ve-hukukun-i%cc%87hlali%cc%87-arasinda-kurala-dayali-duenya-duezeni%cc%87-ve-uluslararasi-hukuk\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-4281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Uluslararas\u0131 hukuk ve kurallara dayal\u0131 d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeni\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/voelkerrecht-weltordnung-titel.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>Mevcut \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ayn\u0131 zamanda temel bir soruyu da g\u00fcndeme getirmektedir: Giderek kutupla\u015fan bir d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeninde uluslararas\u0131 hukuk hala nas\u0131l bir rol oynuyor? Benim <a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/01\/gercekli%cc%87k-ve-hukukun-i%cc%87hlali%cc%87-arasinda-kurala-dayali-duenya-duezeni%cc%87-ve-uluslararasi-hukuk\/\"><strong>Makale<\/strong><\/a> \u201ekurallara dayal\u0131 d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeni\u201c tam da bu \u00e7eli\u015fkiyi incelemektedir. Bu terim kula\u011fa a\u00e7\u0131k ve ahlaki a\u00e7\u0131dan net gelse de siyasi uygulamada \u00e7o\u011fu zaman bulan\u0131k kalmaktad\u0131r. Kamuoyu \u00f6n\u00fcnde uluslararas\u0131 kurallara at\u0131fta bulunan ayn\u0131 akt\u00f6rlerin kriz durumlar\u0131nda bu kurallar\u0131 farkl\u0131 yorumlad\u0131klar\u0131 ya da \u00e7i\u011fnedikleri tekrar tekrar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bu durum siyasi arzular ile ger\u00e7ek g\u00fc\u00e7 politikalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir gerilim yaratmaktad\u0131r - bu gerilim g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde pek \u00e7ok uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 karakterize etmekte ve k\u00fcresel kurumlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini giderek artan bir bask\u0131 alt\u0131na sokmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"display-post-types\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#dpt-wrapper-602 { --dpt-text-align: left;--dpt-image-crop: center;--dpt-border-radius: 5px;--dpt-h-gutter: 10px;--dpt-v-gutter: 9px; }\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">#dpt-wrapper-602 { --dpt-title-font-style:normal;--dpt-title-font-weight:600;--dpt-title-line-height:1.5;--dpt-title-text-decoration:none;--dpt-title-text-transform:none;--dpt-excerpt-font-style:normal;--dpt-excerpt-font-weight:400;--dpt-excerpt-line-height:1.5;--dpt-excerpt-text-decoration:none;--dpt-excerpt-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta1-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta1-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta1-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta1-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta1-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta2-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta2-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta2-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta2-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta2-text-transform:none; }<\/style><div class=\"dpt-main-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-main-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dpt-main-title-text\">Sanat ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00fczerine g\u00fcncel makaleler<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"dpt-wrapper-602\" class=\"dpt-wrapper dpt-mag1 land1 dpt-cropped dpt-flex-wrap\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"jan-josef liefers: ein portr\u00e4t \u00fcber haltung, herkunft und k\u00fcnstlerische freiheit\" data-id=\"3854\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft kunst &amp; kultur\" data-post_tag=\"deutschland erfahrungen krisen lernen meinungsfreiheit musik pers\u00f6nlichkeitsentwicklung portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/12\/jan-josef-liefers-bi%cc%87r-tutum-koeken-ve-sanatsal-oezguerluek-portresi%cc%87\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Jan-Josef Liefers: Tav\u0131r, k\u00f6ken ve sanatsal \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00fczerine bir portre<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Jan-Josef Liefers\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/jan-josef-liefers-silhouette.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/jan-josef-liefers-silhouette.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/jan-josef-liefers-silhouette-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/jan-josef-liefers-silhouette-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/jan-josef-liefers-silhouette-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/12\/jan-josef-liefers-bi%cc%87r-tutum-koeken-ve-sanatsal-oezguerluek-portresi%cc%87\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Jan-Josef Liefers: Tav\u0131r, k\u00f6ken ve sanatsal \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00fczerine bir portre<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"die affinity grafik-suite wird kostenlos: was profi-anwender jetzt wissen m\u00fcssen\" data-id=\"3675\"  data-category=\"apple macos b\u00fccher kunst &amp; kultur tipps &amp; anleitungen\" data-post_tag=\"buch mac prozesse publishing verlag\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/11\/affinity-graphics-suite-uecretsi%cc%87z-oldu-profesyonel-kullanicilarin-si%cc%87mdi%cc%87-bi%cc%87lmesi%cc%87-gerekenler\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Affinity grafik paketi \u00fccretsiz oldu: Profesyonel kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n \u015fimdi bilmesi gerekenler<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Affinity grafik paketi \u00fccretsiz\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/affinity-grafiksuite-kostenlos.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/affinity-grafiksuite-kostenlos.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/affinity-grafiksuite-kostenlos-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/affinity-grafiksuite-kostenlos-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/affinity-grafiksuite-kostenlos-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/11\/affinity-graphics-suite-uecretsi%cc%87z-oldu-profesyonel-kullanicilarin-si%cc%87mdi%cc%87-bi%cc%87lmesi%cc%87-gerekenler\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Affinity grafik paketi \u00fccretsiz oldu: Profesyonel kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n \u015fimdi bilmesi gerekenler<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"vicco von b\u00fclow alias loriot \u2013 ordnung, form und der leise widerstand des humors\" data-id=\"4169\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft kunst &amp; kultur stories &amp; humor\" data-post_tag=\"deutschland erfahrungen pers\u00f6nlichkeitsentwicklung portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/12\/vicco-von-buelow-takma-adi-loriot-si%cc%87pari%cc%87s-formu-ve-mi%cc%87zahin-sessi%cc%87z-di%cc%87reni%cc%87si%cc%87\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Vicco von B\u00fclow nam-\u0131 di\u011fer Loriot - d\u00fczen, bi\u00e7im ve mizah\u0131n sessiz direni\u015fi<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"747\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Loriot-Titel.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Loriot-Titel.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Loriot-Titel-300x219.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Loriot-Titel-768x560.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Loriot-Titel-16x12.jpg 16w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/12\/vicco-von-buelow-takma-adi-loriot-si%cc%87pari%cc%87s-formu-ve-mi%cc%87zahin-sessi%cc%87z-di%cc%87reni%cc%87si%cc%87\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Vicco von B\u00fclow nam-\u0131 di\u011fer Loriot - d\u00fczen, bi\u00e7im ve mizah\u0131n sessiz direni\u015fi<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"dieter hallervorden \u2013 mehr als didi: portr\u00e4t eines unbequemen freigeists\" data-id=\"4347\"  data-category=\"gesellschaft kunst &amp; kultur stories &amp; humor\" data-post_tag=\"erfahrungen meinungsfreiheit musik portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/01\/dieter-hallervorden-more-than-didi-rahatsiz-bi%cc%87r-oezguer-ruhun-portresi%cc%87\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Dieter Hallervorden - Didi'den Daha Fazlas\u0131: Rahats\u0131z Bir \u00d6zg\u00fcr Ruhun Portresi<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Dieter Hallervorden ve Berlin&#039;deki W\u00fchlm\u00e4use\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dieter-Hallvervorden-Wuehlmaeuse.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dieter-Hallvervorden-Wuehlmaeuse.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dieter-Hallvervorden-Wuehlmaeuse-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dieter-Hallvervorden-Wuehlmaeuse-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dieter-Hallvervorden-Wuehlmaeuse-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/01\/dieter-hallervorden-more-than-didi-rahatsiz-bi%cc%87r-oezguer-ruhun-portresi%cc%87\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Dieter Hallervorden - Didi'den Daha Fazlas\u0131: Rahats\u0131z Bir \u00d6zg\u00fcr Ruhun Portresi<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n<hr \/>\n<h2>S\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorular<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Jeffrey Sachs kimdir ve sesi neden \u00f6nemlidir?<\/strong><br \/>\nJeffrey D. Sachs uluslararas\u0131 \u00fcne sahip bir ekonomist, Columbia \u00dcniversitesi'nde profes\u00f6r ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetlere ve Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler'e uzun s\u00fcredir dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k yap\u0131yor. Sachs'\u0131n \u00f6nemi g\u00fcnl\u00fck siyasi yorumlar\u0131ndan de\u011fil, uluslararas\u0131 krizler, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00fcre\u00e7leri ve g\u00fcvenlik konular\u0131nda onlarca y\u0131ld\u0131r yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla tarihsel, sistemik ve uzun vadelidir - parti politik \u00e7izgilerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sachs a\u00e7\u0131k mektubunu neden do\u011frudan Alman \u015eans\u00f6lyesine hitaben yaz\u0131yor?<\/strong><br \/>\nSachs geleneksel olarak Almanya'y\u0131 Avrupa'da kilit bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor - \u00f6ncelikle askeri olarak de\u011fil ama siyasi, ekonomik ve diplomatik olarak. Ona g\u00f6re Almanya Avrupa'da istikrar, denge ve arabuluculuk i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir sorumluluk ta\u015f\u0131yor. Bu nedenle mektup ki\u015fisel bir ele\u015ftiriden ziyade bu tarihsel role bir \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>A\u00e7\u0131k mektubun ana mesaj\u0131 nedir?<\/strong><br \/>\nTemel mesaj \u015fudur: Avrupa g\u00fcvenli\u011fi b\u00f6l\u00fcnmezdir ve Rusya'n\u0131n g\u00fcvenlik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrekli olarak organize edilemez. Sachs, tarihsel d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck, ciddi diplomasi ve istikrarl\u0131, kapsay\u0131c\u0131 bir g\u00fcvenlik mimarisi lehine salt askeri bir t\u0131rmanma mant\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan uzakla\u015fma \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sachs'\u0131n pozisyonu Rus politikas\u0131n\u0131 hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor mu?<\/strong><br \/>\nHay\u0131r. Sachs askeri eylemleri me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131yor, ancak gerilimin t\u0131rmanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an g\u00fcvenlik politikas\u0131 ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 analiz ediyor. Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 klasik g\u00fcvenlik ikilemi teorisini takip etmektedir: b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fcc\u00fcn merkezi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmamas\u0131, ahlaki yarg\u0131lardan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak uzun vadede \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>NATO'nun do\u011fuya do\u011fru geni\u015flemesi mektupta neden bu kadar \u00f6nemli bir rol oynuyor?<\/strong><br \/>\nSachs NATO'nun do\u011fuya do\u011fru geni\u015flemesini g\u00fcvenlik politikalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir siyasi bir karar olarak de\u011ferlendiriyor. Daha \u00f6nce verilen g\u00fcvencelere, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7izgilere ve Rusya'n\u0131n tekrarlanan uyar\u0131lar\u0131na at\u0131fta bulunuyor. Ona g\u00f6re, bu t\u00fcr sinyalleri g\u00f6rmezden gelmek diplomasi de\u011fil, kas\u0131tl\u0131 bir t\u0131rmanma stratejisidir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sachs Almanya'n\u0131n yeniden birle\u015fmesine nas\u0131l bir \u00f6nem atfediyor?<\/strong><br \/>\nAlmanya'n\u0131n yeniden birle\u015fmesi Sachs'a ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 diplomasinin tarihi bir \u00f6rne\u011fi olarak sunuluyor: Bu ancak g\u00fcvenlik vaatleri ciddiye al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu. Sachs buradan Almanya'n\u0131n bu tarihi tecr\u00fcbeyi bast\u0131rmak yerine bug\u00fcn\u00fcn politikas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct olarak kullanma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sachs NATO'nun 1999'da S\u0131rbistan'a m\u00fcdahalesini neden ele\u015ftiriyor?<\/strong><br \/>\nBunu sava\u015f sonras\u0131 d\u00fczenin ihlali olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ilk kez BM yetkisi olmadan bir askeri m\u00fcdahale ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fti. Rusya'ya g\u00f6re bu, uluslararas\u0131 kurallar\u0131n se\u00e7ici bir \u015fekilde uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyordu ve Avrupa g\u00fcvenlik mimarisi i\u00e7in belirleyici bir g\u00fcven kayb\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyordu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Minsk anla\u015fmalar\u0131 onun arg\u00fcman\u0131nda nas\u0131l bir rol oynuyor?<\/strong><br \/>\nSachs'a g\u00f6re Minsk anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir diplomasi \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Almanya garant\u00f6r g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak hareket etmi\u015f ancak anla\u015fmalar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sachs, Bat\u0131l\u0131 siyaset\u00e7ilerin daha sonra Minsk'in \u00f6ncelikle zaman kazanmaya y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011funu kabul etmelerini ciddi bir g\u00fcven ihlali olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sachs neden daha fazla silah sevkiyat\u0131na bu kadar a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor?<\/strong><br \/>\nSilah sevkiyat\u0131n\u0131n semptomlar\u0131 uzatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ancak nedenleri \u00e7\u00f6zmedi\u011fini savunuyor. Siyasi bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olmadan bu silahlar sava\u015f\u0131 uzatacak, b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeyi derinle\u015ftirecek ve t\u0131rmanma sarmal\u0131n\u0131 daha da k\u00f6r\u00fckleyecektir - ki bunun Avrupa'ya maliyeti de artacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sachs halk\u0131n \u201eahlaki olarak \u00e7ocukla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\u201c ile ne demek istiyor?<\/strong><br \/>\nKarma\u015f\u0131k g\u00fcvenlik konular\u0131n\u0131 ahlaki laf kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131na indirgeyen siyasi ileti\u015fimi ele\u015ftiriyor. Sachs, Avrupa toplumlar\u0131n\u0131n, kendilerine d\u00fcr\u00fcst bilgi verildi\u011fi takdirde, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fan \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131, ikilemleri ve tarihsel ba\u011flamlar\u0131 m\u00fckemmel bir \u015fekilde anlayabileceklerini varsay\u0131yor.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sachs'a g\u00f6re tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k nas\u0131l bir rol oynamal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong><br \/>\nSachs tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir zay\u0131fl\u0131k olarak de\u011fil, kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f bir istikrar arac\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Ona g\u00f6re Finlandiya, Avusturya ve \u0130svi\u00e7re gibi tarihi \u00f6rnekler, tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u00fcm taraflar\u0131n me\u015fru g\u00fcvenlik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 dikkate alabilece\u011fini ve Ukrayna da dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sachs neden NATO'nun do\u011fuya do\u011fru geni\u015flemesine son verilmesini istiyor?<\/strong><br \/>\nGeni\u015flemeyi sava\u015f sonras\u0131 d\u00fczenin ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir sonucu olarak de\u011fil, istikrar\u0131 bozucu sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 olan siyasi bir karar olarak g\u00f6rmektedir. Ona g\u00f6re, g\u00fcven, gerilimin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yeni bir g\u00fcvenlik d\u00fczeninin kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in durmak bir \u00f6n ko\u015fuldur.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sachs \u00f6zellikle hangi ekonomik y\u00f6nleri vurguluyor?<\/strong><br \/>\nSachs yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n, kamula\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n ve ticaret kesintilerinin uzun vadede yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 zararlar konusunda uyar\u0131yor. Ekonomik istikrar\u0131n, end\u00fcstriyel performans\u0131n ve sosyal uyumun, \u00f6zellikle Almanya i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenlik politikas\u0131 kararlar\u0131yla yak\u0131ndan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu savunuyor.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sachs Rus devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131na el konulmas\u0131na neden kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor?<\/strong><br \/>\nBunu uluslararas\u0131 hukukun ihlali ve k\u00fcresel finans sistemine y\u00f6nelik bir tehdit olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Devlet varl\u0131klar\u0131na siyasi olarak el konulmas\u0131 g\u00fcveni, s\u00f6zle\u015fme g\u00fcvenli\u011fini ve uzun vadede Avrupa'n\u0131n ekonomik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 zedeler.<\/li>\n<li><strong>AG\u0130T gelecekte nas\u0131l bir rol oynamal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong><br \/>\nSachs, Avrupa g\u00fcvenli\u011fi i\u00e7in merkezi bir forum olarak AG\u0130T'e geri d\u00f6n\u00fclmesi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor. NATO'nun aksine AG\u0130T diyalog, g\u00fcven artt\u0131rma ve silahlar\u0131n kontrol\u00fc i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve daha kapsay\u0131c\u0131 bir g\u00fcvenlik mimarisini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sachs'\u0131n analizi Avrupa'daki oyun teorisi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleriyle nas\u0131l \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor?<\/strong><br \/>\nMektubu kolayl\u0131kla bir oyun teorisi analizi olarak okunabilir: Avrupa defalarca k\u0131sa vadede tutarl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ancak uzun vadede stratejik dezavantajlar yaratan kararlar alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Gerilimin t\u0131rmanmas\u0131 istikrarl\u0131 bir denge durumu de\u011fildir, aksine kal\u0131c\u0131 belirsizli\u011fe yol a\u00e7ar.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sachs'\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i mi yoksa nostaljik mi?<\/strong><br \/>\nSachs'\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 nostaljik olmaktan ziyade tarihsel temellere dayanmaktad\u0131r. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki i\u015fleyen modellere at\u0131fta bulunmakta ve bunlar\u0131n temel ilkelerinin - diyalog, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirlik - de\u011fi\u015fen \u00e7er\u00e7eve ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak bug\u00fcn hala ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu savunmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bu a\u00e7\u0131k mektup \u015fu anda neden \u00f6nemli?<\/strong><br \/>\n\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Avrupa, g\u00fcvenlik politikas\u0131, ekonomik ve sosyal kararlar\u0131n giderek daha fazla i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7ti\u011fi bir noktada. Sachs'\u0131n mektubu kolay bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu sunmuyor, ancak nadir bir a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k an\u0131 sunuyor ve bize bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n hacimden de\u011fil, yap\u0131dan geldi\u011fini hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr \/>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"display-post-types\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#dpt-wrapper-603 { --dpt-text-align: left;--dpt-image-crop: center;--dpt-border-radius: 5px;--dpt-h-gutter: 10px;--dpt-v-gutter: 9px; }\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">#dpt-wrapper-603 { --dpt-title-font-style:normal;--dpt-title-font-weight:600;--dpt-title-line-height:1.5;--dpt-title-text-decoration:none;--dpt-title-text-transform:none;--dpt-excerpt-font-style:normal;--dpt-excerpt-font-weight:400;--dpt-excerpt-line-height:1.5;--dpt-excerpt-text-decoration:none;--dpt-excerpt-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta1-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta1-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta1-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta1-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta1-text-transform:none;--dpt-meta2-font-style:normal;--dpt-meta2-font-weight:400;--dpt-meta2-line-height:1.9;--dpt-meta2-text-decoration:none;--dpt-meta2-text-transform:none; }<\/style><div class=\"dpt-main-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-main-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dpt-main-title-text\">Yapay zeka \u00fczerine g\u00fcncel makaleler<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"dpt-wrapper-603\" class=\"dpt-wrapper dpt-mag1 land1 dpt-cropped dpt-flex-wrap\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"ki als sparringspartner nutzen: wie denken im dialog produktiver wird\" data-id=\"4121\"  data-category=\"b\u00fccher ki-systeme tipps &amp; anleitungen\" data-post_tag=\"buch datenlogik denkmodelle k\u00fcnstliche intelligenz lernen llm ratgeber sprachmodell\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/12\/kiyi-bir-idman-partneri-olarak-kullanmak-diyalog-icinde-duesuenmenin-nasil-daha-ueretken-hale-geldigi\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Yapay zekay\u0131 bir antrenman partneri olarak kullanmak: Diyalog i\u00e7inde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek nas\u0131l daha \u00fcretken hale gelir?<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Bir tasarruf orta\u011f\u0131 olarak yapay zeka\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ki-als-sparringspartner-laptop.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ki-als-sparringspartner-laptop.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ki-als-sparringspartner-laptop-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ki-als-sparringspartner-laptop-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ki-als-sparringspartner-laptop-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/12\/kiyi-bir-idman-partneri-olarak-kullanmak-diyalog-icinde-duesuenmenin-nasil-daha-ueretken-hale-geldigi\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Yapay zekay\u0131 bir antrenman partneri olarak kullanmak: Diyalog i\u00e7inde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek nas\u0131l daha \u00fcretken hale gelir?<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"ollama trifft qdrant: ein lokales ged\u00e4chtnis f\u00fcr deine ki auf dem mac\" data-id=\"2502\"  data-category=\"apple macos filemaker &amp; erp ki-systeme tipps &amp; anleitungen\" data-post_tag=\"docker filemaker k\u00fcnstliche intelligenz llama llm mistral neo4j ollama qdrant sprachmodell vektordatenbank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/08\/ollama-qdrant-i%cc%87le-bulusuyor-macte-ki%cc%87ni%cc%87z-i%cc%87ci%cc%87n-yerel-bi%cc%87r-bellek\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Ollama Qdrant ile bulu\u015fuyor: Mac'te yapay zekan\u0131z i\u00e7in yerel bir bellek<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1440\" height=\"980\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Ollama ve Qdrant ile yerel yapay zeka i\u00e7in bellek\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ollama-qdrant-gedaechtnis.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ollama-qdrant-gedaechtnis.jpg 1440w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ollama-qdrant-gedaechtnis-300x204.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ollama-qdrant-gedaechtnis-1024x697.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ollama-qdrant-gedaechtnis-768x523.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ollama-qdrant-gedaechtnis-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2025\/08\/ollama-qdrant-i%cc%87le-bulusuyor-macte-ki%cc%87ni%cc%87z-i%cc%87ci%cc%87n-yerel-bi%cc%87r-bellek\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Ollama Qdrant ile bulu\u015fuyor: Mac'te yapay zekan\u0131z i\u00e7in yerel bir bellek<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"k\u00fcnstliche intelligenz ohne hype: warum weniger ki-tools oft bessere arbeit bedeuten\" data-id=\"4402\"  data-category=\"apple macos hardware ki-systeme tipps &amp; anleitungen\" data-post_tag=\"denkmodelle erfahrungen k\u00fcnstliche intelligenz llm mac mlx ollama prozesse sprachmodell\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/01\/yutturmaca-olmadan-yapay-zeka-neden-daha-az-ki-araci-genellikle-daha-iyi-is-anlamina-gelir\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Abart\u0131l\u0131 olmayan yapay zeka: neden daha az yapay zeka arac\u0131 daha iyi i\u015f anlam\u0131na geliyor?<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Abart\u0131l\u0131 olmayan yapay zeka\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/KI-ohne-Hype-Titel.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/KI-ohne-Hype-Titel.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/KI-ohne-Hype-Titel-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/KI-ohne-Hype-Titel-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/KI-ohne-Hype-Titel-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/01\/yutturmaca-olmadan-yapay-zeka-neden-daha-az-ki-araci-genellikle-daha-iyi-is-anlamina-gelir\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Abart\u0131l\u0131 olmayan yapay zeka: neden daha az yapay zeka arac\u0131 daha iyi i\u015f anlam\u0131na geliyor?<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry has-thumbnail\" data-title=\"der iran\u2013israel-konflikt: warum diese eskalation der strategische albtraum des westens ist\" data-id=\"5212\"  data-category=\"allgemein gesellschaft\" data-post_tag=\"denkmodelle energiepolitik europa geopolitik krisen k\u00fcnstliche intelligenz meinungsfreiheit sicherheitspolitik spieltheorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dpt-entry-wrapper\"><div class=\"dpt-featured-content\"><div class=\"dpt-permalink\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/03\/i%cc%87ran-i%cc%87srai%cc%87l-catismasi-bu-tirmandirma-neden-batinin-strateji%cc%87k-kabusu\/\" class=\"dpt-permalink\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u0130ran-\u0130srail \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131: Bu t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f neden Bat\u0131'n\u0131n stratejik kabusu?<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail\"><div class=\"dpt-thumbnail-inner\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\u0130srail-\u0130ran - Stratejik Kabus\" context=\"dpt\" data-dpt-src=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Israel-Iran-Strategischer-Albtraum.jpg\" data-dpt-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-dpt-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Israel-Iran-Strategischer-Albtraum.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Israel-Iran-Strategischer-Albtraum-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Israel-Iran-Strategischer-Albtraum-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/Israel-Iran-Strategischer-Albtraum-18x12.jpg 18w\" \/><\/div><span class=\"dpt-thumbnail-aspect-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"sub-entry\"><h3 class=\"dpt-title\"><a class=\"dpt-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/03\/i%cc%87ran-i%cc%87srai%cc%87l-catismasi-bu-tirmandirma-neden-batinin-strateji%cc%87k-kabusu\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">\u0130ran-\u0130srail \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131: Bu t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f neden Bat\u0131'n\u0131n stratejik kabusu?<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .dpt-entry -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n<hr \/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00dcnl\u00fc ekonomist ve profes\u00f6r Jeffrey D. Sachs, Almanya Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Friedrich Merz'e yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve 17 Aral\u0131k 2025 tarihinde Berliner Zeitung'da yay\u0131nlanan a\u00e7\u0131k mektubunda, Avrupa'daki g\u00fcncel tart\u0131\u015fmalarda nadir g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131kla konu\u015fuyor. Sachs bir aktivist, bir partizan ya da uzaktan bakan bir yorumcu olarak de\u011fil, ... <a title=\"\u0130ran-\u0130srail \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131: Bu t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f neden Bat\u0131&#039;n\u0131n stratejik kabusu?\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/2026\/03\/i%cc%87ran-i%cc%87srai%cc%87l-catismasi-bu-tirmandirma-neden-batinin-strateji%cc%87k-kabusu\/\" aria-label=\"\u0130ran-\u0130srail \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131: Bu t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f neden Bat\u0131&#039;n\u0131n stratejik kabusu hakk\u0131nda devam\u0131n\u0131 oku\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4082,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"iawp_total_views":1360,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,466],"tags":[480,481,470,475,482,426,476,477,484],"class_list":["post-4079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-allgemein","category-gesellschaft","tag-deutschland","tag-energiepolitik","tag-eu-gesetze","tag-europa","tag-geopolitik","tag-krisen","tag-meinungsfreiheit","tag-portrait","tag-sicherheitspolitik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4079"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4079\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5415,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4079\/revisions\/5415"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4082"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markus-schall.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}